appendix b final 2008 biological surveys of los angeles and long ...

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5.0 Benthic and Epibenthic Invertebrates 5.4.1.3 Number of Species A total of 61 unique species were collected from the 19 stations sampled over the three surveys (Table 5.4-2; Appendix E). The average number of species caught per trawl ranged from 2 to 9. The number of species caught during day and night combined ranged from 6 to 15. Generally, twice as many species were collected at night than during the day. The stations with the greatest variety of species across day-night sampling were in the outer harbor (Stations LA1, LA3, LA4, LA6, LB3). The fewest species were caught in outer harbor shallow water (Stations LA2, LA7, and LB2). There were no other obvious patterns in macroinvertebrate biomass with depth or location. 5.4.1.4 Diversity Indices and Dominance In general, the diversity of macroinvertebrates in trawl catches was low (Table 5.4-3). Mean Shannon-Wiener diversity ranged from 0 to 1.03 in day samples, 0.34 to 1.02 in night samples, and 0.57 to 1.37 combined across sampling periods. Margalef diversity ranged from 0 to 0.8 in day samples, 0.31 to 0.51 in night samples, and 0.47 to 1.19 combined across day-night sampling. Dominance values also were relatively low, with 1 to 5 species accounting for 75% of the trawl catch at all stations for day, night, and combined samples. 5.4.2 Species Composition The most abundant species tended to be found at all stations, although in varying abundances (Table 5.4-4). The black-spotted shrimp, Xantus’ swimming crab, and Heptacarpus shrimp were caught at all stations, the ridgeback prawn and black-tailed bay shrimp were caught at most stations, and the tuberculate pear crab was collected at more than half the stations. Other species were caught in low numbers and contributed unequally to species composition. The Xantus’ swimming crab generally was more abundant in shallow-water habitats, but patterns for other taxa were not evident. 5.4.3 Dominant and Special Interest Species Crustaceans (prawns, shrimps, and crabs) dominated the trawl catches. Over 6,000 individuals representing 87% of the total catch over the three surveys was accounted for by the five most abundant species (black-spotted shrimp, black-tailed bay shrimp, ridgeback prawn, Heptocarpus shrimps, and Xantus’ swimming crab) (Table 5.4-1). Other relatively abundant taxa, with 82 to 236 individuals caught in all samples, were also crustaceans: tuberculate pear crab (Pyromaia tuberculata), Northern crangon shrimp (Crangon alaskensis), and spotted ridgeback prawn (Sicyonia penicillata). Several of the invertebrates found in the harbors have economic importance for the commercial and sport fishing industry, although commercial fishing does not occur within the Ports. The harbors provide nursery and adult habitat for many species, which contributes to the maintenance of these resources within and offshore San Pedro Bay. Species of commercial or 2008 Biological Surveys of Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors 5–9 April 2010
5.0 Benthic and Epibenthic Invertebrates recreational importance that were collected in the harbors included prawns, brown shrimp (Penaeus californiensis - a total of 48) and California spiny lobster (Panulirus interruptus – a total of 43). 5.4.4 Summary of Spatial and Temporal Variations Trawl invertebrate catch varied among stations, but there were no distinct spatial patterns in species distribution or abundance. Substantially more macroinvertebrates were collected at night than during the day. There also were more individuals caught during each of the winter and spring surveys than the summer survey. 5.4.5 Historical Comparisons The first comprehensive study of epibenthic macroinvertebrates caught during trawl collections was conducted in outer Los Angeles Harbor (MEC 1988). Trawls in inner and outer Long Beach Harbor were collected in 1994 and 1996 (MEC 1996; SAIC and MEC 1996, 1997). Since 1993, the City of Los Angeles has reported trawl invertebrate catch in the vicinity of the TITP outfall as part of their annual NPDES monitoring program (e.g., CLAEMD 2000, 2008). The 2000 biological baseline study reported macroinvertebrate catch from trawls for both inner and outer harbors for both Ports (MEC 2002). Table 5.4-5 compares the ten most abundant species collected by trawls during this 2008 Biological Survey with other relevant historical studies. Similar species have dominated the catch since the 1980s: black-spotted shrimp, ridgeback prawn, tuberculate pear crab, Xantus’ swimming crab, and, in earlier studies, the non-indigenous New Zealand bubble snail (Philine auriformis). Philine auriformis was caught in higher abundance in the 1990s and 2000 than in the 1980s, but relatively few were collected during the present study (Philine spp.). P. auriformis was collected at seven of the twelve stations in outer Los Angeles Harbor surveyed as part of the TITP monitoring, but in relatively low numbers (CLAEMD 2008). A notable difference in trawl catch among surveys was the occurrence of several fouling organisms in the trawls from Los Angeles Harbor in the 1980s (Balanus, Corynactis, Crepidula, Mytilus), whereas these taxa have been rarely caught in trawls since then. It is possible that differences in methods may relate to that result. On the other hand, the ophiuroid Ophiothrix spiculata was one of the numerically dominant organisms in the 1980s, whereas in subsequent surveys it has been a minor component of the catch. 5.5 EXOTIC SPECIES A total of 10 non-indigenous (introduced) and 32 cryptogenic species (of unknown origin) were identified among the 313 species represented by the collected infauna and macroinvertebrates (Appendix E). The overall percentage of introduced and cryptogenic species identified with the 5–10 2008 Biological Surveys of Los Angeles and Long Beach Harbors April 2010
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APPENDIX B FINAL 2008 BIOLOGICAL SU
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FINAL 2008 BIOLOGICAL SURVEYS OF LO
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Table of Contents 3.4.3 Summary of
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Table of Contents 8.2.1 Aerial Phot
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Table of Contents Table 3.4-2. Tabl
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Table of Contents Table 8.3-3. Tabl
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Table of Contents Figure 6.2-1. Rip
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Table of Contents This page intenti
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Executive Summary otter trawls to s
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Executive Summary Van Veen) and ana
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Executive Summary which was collect
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1.0 Introduction 1.0 INTRODUCTION T
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1.0 Introduction 1.4 STUDY OBJECTIV
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1.0 Introduction Historical compari
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1.0 Introduction Figure 1.1-2. Map
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CHAPTER 2 WATER QUALITY
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2.0 Water Quality The CTD was deplo
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2.0 Water Quality Outer Harbor area
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2.0 Water Quality Table 2.2-1. Wate
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2.0 Water Quality Figure 2.2-1. Wat
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2.0 Water Quality This page intenti
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3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes 3.0 A
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3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes speci
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3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes and b
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3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes sampl
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3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes No si
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3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes croak
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3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes gobie
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3.0 Adult and Juvenile Fishes Table
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7.0 Kelp and Macroalgae pose a sign
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7.0 Kelp and Macroalgae Figure 7.2-
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CHAPTER 8 EELGRASS
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8.0 Eelgrass distribution of eelgra
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8.0 Eelgrass adjacent to most trans
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8.0 Eelgrass load on the plants was
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8.0 Eelgrass (Table 8.3-5), based o
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8.0 Eelgrass surveys. No eelgrass b
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8.0 Eelgrass Areas containing eelgr
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8.0 Eelgrass Seasonal patterns amon
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8.0 Eelgrass 2002) inferred that th
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8.0 Eelgrass Table 8.3-2. Spring 20
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8.0 Eelgrass Table 8.3-4. Fall 2008
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8.0 Eelgrass Table 8.3-12. Oceanic
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8.0 Eelgrass Figure 8.3-2. Eelgrass
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8.0 Eelgrass Figure 8.3-6. Spatial
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9.0 Birds 9.0 BIRDS 9.1 INTRODUCTIO
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9.0 Birds changes in species number
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9.0 Birds the Brown Pelican populat
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9.0 Birds 9.4.2.10 9.4.2.11 9.4.2.1
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9.0 Birds 9.5.1 Distribution and Ab
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9.0 Birds discussed in Section 9.4.
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9.0 Birds Angeles Harbor. The relat
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9.0 Birds Table 9.4-1. Percent Comp
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9.0 Birds Table 9.4-3. Nest Numbers
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9.0 Birds Table 9.5-2. Species Comp
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9.0 Birds Table 9.5-4. Percent Comp
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9.0 Birds Table 9.6-1. Historical C
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9.0 Birds 70 12000 60 10000 50 40 3
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9.0 Birds 3500 shallow water sandy
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9.0 Birds 40 35 30 riprap aerial Nu
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9.0 Birds Number Observed 3500 3000
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9.0 Birds Figure 9.5-1. Total numbe
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9.0 Birds Number of Individuals 400
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9.0 Birds 7000 Mean Number of Indiv
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CHAPTER 10 MARINE MAMMALS
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10.0 Marine Mammals Gray whales dif
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10.0 Marine Mammals This page inten
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11.0 References 11.0 REFERENCES Abb
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11.0 References Dennison, W.C. and
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11.0 References Jacques, D.L., C.S.
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11.0 References North, W.J. 1983. S
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APPENDIX A STATION LOCATIONS
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Appendix A Station Coordinates (NAD
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Appendix B (A) Temperature (°C), S
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APPENDIX C FISHES
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Appendix C Table C-1. Combined Fish
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Appendix C LA01 LA02 LA03 LA04 LA05
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Appendix C Table C-3. Otter Trawl C
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Appendix C Table C-5. Otter Trawl B
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Appendix C Table C-7. Otter Trawl B
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Appendix C Table C-8. Lampara Catch
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Appendix C Table C-10. Lampara Catc
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Appendix C Scientific Name Table C-
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Appendix C Table C-14. Beach Seine
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Appendix D Table D-1. Ichthyoplankt
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Appendix D fish eggs (undeveloped)
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Appendix D fish eggs unid. unidenti
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fish eggs unid. unidentified fish e
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Appendix D Eggs Oligocottus / Clino
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Appendix D Eggs Rhinogobiops nichol
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Appendix D Juvenile Eggs Heterostic
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Appendix D Eggs Liparis spp. snailf
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Appendix D Juvenile Eggs Heterostic
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Appendix D Table D-11. Ichthyoplank
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APPENDIX E INFAUNA
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Appendix E Taxon LA-1 LA-10 LA-11 L
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Appendix E Protothaca laciniata Tax
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Appendix E Taxon LA1 LA2 LA3 LA4 LA
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Appendix E Table E-4. Otter Trawl,
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Appendix E Taxon LA1 LA2 LA3 LA4 LA
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Appendix E Octopus sp. 1 Philine sp
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Appendix E This page intentionally
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Appendix F Table F-1. Total Abundan
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Appendix F LARR-1 LARR-2 LARR-3 LAR
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APPENDIX G KELP AND MACROALGAE
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Appendix G Date Survey Site Observe
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Appendix G Species T1 T2 T3 T4 T5 T
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Appendix H APPENDIX H-1 AVIAN ECOLO
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Appendix H Table H-1. Avian Ecologi
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Appendix H GUILD 8 - UPLAND BIRDS G
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Appendix H APPENDIX H-2 NUMBER OF I
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Appendix H Table H-2. December A 20
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Appendix H Table H-3. December B 20
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Appendix H Table H-4. January A 200
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Appendix H Table H-5. January B 200
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Appendix H Table H-6. February A 20
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Appendix H Table H-7. February B 20
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Appendix H Table H-8. March A 2008
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Appendix H Table H-9. March B 2008
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Appendix H Table H-10. April A 2008
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Appendix H Table H-11. May A 2008 S
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Appendix H Table H-13. July A 2008
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Appendix H Table H-15. August B 200
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Appendix H Table H-16. September A
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Appendix H Table H-17. September B
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Appendix H Species Totals Zones 1 2
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Appendix H Species Totals Zones 1 2
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Appendix H Zones Species Totals 1 2
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Appendix H Zones Species Totals 1 2
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Appendix H Date ELEGANT TERN — OB
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APPENDIX I MARINE MAMMALS
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Appendix I Common Survey Station/ N
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Appendix I Common Name Survey Type
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Appendix I This page intentionally
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