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Vibrational Spectroscopy Vol. 1, J.M. Chalmers and P.R. Griffiths (eds), John Wiley and Sons, 2002, 349-367. 3. Theocharous E, Ishii J. and Fox N. P., “Absolute linearity measurements on HgCdTe detectors in the infrared”, Applied Optics, 43, 4182-4188, 2004. 4. Levine, B.F., “Quantum well infrared photodetectors”, J. Appl. Phys., 74, R1-R81, 1993. 92
Stray-light correction of array spectroradiometers using tunable pulsed and cw lasers A. Sperling, O. Larionov, U. Grusemann, and S. Winter PTB, Braunschweig, Germany Abstract. Array spectroradiometers are widely used in radiometry and photometry as tools for rapid measurements of the spectral distribution of lamps and other signal sources. Unfortunately, the stray-light rejection of such devices is often less than that of a scanning double or even single grating monochromator system. In addition, as array spectrometers are more or less monolithic systems, other device dependent side-effects, e. g. evoked by special order filtering in front of the diode or CCD array, by fluorescence, etc. may affect the measured spectrum. With the availability of high power narrow bandwidth sources, tunable over the entire spectral range of a spectroradiometer from UV to IR, the possibility of correction procedures are reconceived [1,2]. A powerful new method for stray-light correction was recently presented by Y. Zong et al. [2]. He implemented a stray-light correction matrix, where the elements of the matrix have to be determined by successive measurements of the entire spectrum produced by wavelength-tunable single monochromatic laser lines. The purpose of this contribution is to compare the results of the achievable stray-light correction based on Zongs method for different array spectrometers using the TULIP (TUnable Laser in Photometry) facility of the PTB, where a setup with tunable cw-lasers as well as a setup with pulsed lasers is used. TULIP Facility TULIP was build as a cw laser-based calibration setup for measurement of irradiance responsivity of large-area photometric and radiometric detectors [Figure 1]. To cover the spectral range from less than 360 nm up to 960 nm different types of cw lasers are necessary [Figure 2]. Although the spectral range of TULIP is only a small part of the range covered by SIRCUS [3], the well-proved laser facility at NIST, it is sufficient for most photometric and radiometric tasks in the visible and adjacent spectral ranges. As cw laser-based facilities are not easy to automate for this wide spectral range and in order to overlap the spectral range between 460 nm and 560 nm with durable tunable solid state lasers, TULIP was complemented by a pulsed laser system based on optical parametric oscillators (OPOs), covering the spectral range from 410 nm to 2400 nm. This pulsed laser system is much easier to handle than the complex cw lasers systems. In addition, the spectral range of this system is larger and tuning is very easy to automate. The disadvantage of this laser, the short pulse duration (about 4 ns only), is reduced by pulse stretching using fiber delay lines and an integrating sphere with high spectral reflectance. . Pump-Laser Figure 1. TULIP facility for calibration and characterization of detectors and spectroradiometers using the uniform radiation field in front of a sphere or a transparent (holographic) diffuser for higher radiation levels. Output Power, φ / mW 10000 1000 100 Wavemeter DVM DVM Array- Spectr. Tunable Laser I/U I/U Stage Detector Transfer Standard Head Shutter/Optics Power Control laser lines 10 350 450 550 650 750 850 950 Wavelength, λ/nm Spher LBO1, 8 W Pump LBO2, 8 W Pump LBO3, 8 W Pump LBO4, 8 W Pump LBO5, 8 W Pump 10,5 W Pump Ti:Sa, 8W Pump R6G, 5W Pump DCM, 5W Pump Figure 2. Output Power of the TULIP cw-laser setup. Between 358 nm and 460 nm the frequency of a Ti:Sa laser which operates between 690 nm and 960 nm is doubled. Dye laser are used in the range from 560 nm to 685 nm. Between 457 nm and 532 nm single laser lines from Argon ion and Nd:YVO 4 lasers are available. As a result of this simple setup, the pulse length is stretched to more than 0.1 µs at a repetition rate of 22 Hz. Comparison between Pulsed and CW Lasers Using the setup shown in Figure 1 and provided that the correction matrix can be handled as a stable device z x I/U y Baffle Monitor Stage Diffuser Monitor Proceedings NEWRAD, 17-19 October 2005, Davos, Switzerland 93
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NEWRAD PROCEEDINGS OF THE 9 TH INTE
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NEWRAD 2005 Scientific Program Day
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14:50 Hiroshi Shitomi, AIST 5-3 Pho
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NEWRAD 2005 Scientific Program-Post
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33. Drift in the absolute responsiv
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Session 6 Novel Techniques 64. The
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Session 9 Realisation of scales 94.
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Absolute Accuracy of Total Solar Ir
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Low-uncertainty absolute radiometri
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NIST Reference Cryogenic Radiometer
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Measurement of the absorptance of a
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Grooves for Emissivity and Absorpti
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New apparatus for the spectral radi
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VUV and Soft X-ray metrology statio
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The metrology line on the SOLEIL sy
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Cryogenic radiometer developments a
Page 42 and 43: measured with BiTe thermopiles. Exp
Page 44 and 45: variations of the spectral sensitiv
Page 46 and 47: aperture area by I = π·L·F·A, w
Page 48 and 49: Table 1 Ratio of radiometric power
Page 51 and 52: Consistency of radiometric temperat
Page 53: Project of absolute measuring instr
Page 57: Session 2 UV, Vis, and IR Radiometr
Page 60 and 61: Table 1: Summary of the quality ass
Page 62 and 63: wavelength / nm U180 @ MLS band wid
Page 64 and 65: ight half is uncoated. Measurements
Page 66 and 67: Change [%] 2 1 0 -1 -2 -3 -4 PTFE d
Page 68 and 69: had been accommodated to industrial
Page 70 and 71: Relative Uncertainty 0.4% 0.3% 0.2%
Page 72 and 73: instrument differences or from diff
Page 74 and 75: 3.00E-08 Nomalized radiant flux 2.5
Page 76 and 77: frequencies, the chopping frequency
Page 78 and 79: 600 mA for each set. In both cases,
Page 80 and 81: Detailed and comparative results wi
Page 82 and 83: measurement to an independent spect
Page 84 and 85: The stability of silicon n-on-p jun
Page 86 and 87: applied. Reproducibility of measure
Page 88 and 89: Mutual comparison Mutual comparison
Page 91: A comparison of the performance of
Page 95 and 96: Characterizing the performance of U
Page 97 and 98: Optical Radiation Action Spectra fo
Page 99 and 100: A newly developed double broadband
Page 101 and 102: On potential discrepancies between
Page 103 and 104: Correcting for bandwidth effects in
Page 105 and 106: Establishment of Fiber Optic Measur
Page 107 and 108: Detector-based NIST-traceable Valid
Page 109 and 110: Long-term calibration of a New Zeal
Page 111 and 112: Drift in the absolute responsivitie
Page 113 and 114: Radiance source for CCD low-uncerta
Page 115 and 116: Improved NIR spectral responsivity
Page 117 and 118: Characterization of a portable, fib
Page 119 and 120: Synchrotron radiation based irradia
Page 121 and 122: The Spectral Irradiance and Radianc
Page 123 and 124: NIST BXR I Calibration A. Smith, T.
Page 125 and 126: NIST BXR II Infrared Transfer Radio
Page 127 and 128: Proceedings NEWRAD, 17-19 October 2
Page 129 and 130: Spectral responsivity interpolation
Page 131 and 132: Monochromator Based Calibration of
Page 133 and 134: Study of the Infrared Emissivity of
Page 135 and 136: Radiometric Stability of a Calibrat
Page 137 and 138: Session 3 Photolithography and UV P
Page 139 and 140: NEWRAD 2005: Improvements in EUV re
Page 141 and 142: Measuring pulse energy with solid s
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Vacuum ultraviolet quantum efficien
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Spatial Anisotropy of the Exciton R
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Comparison of spectral irradiance r
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Session 4 Remote sensing Proceeding
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Solar Radiometry from SORCE G. Kopp
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Inter-comparison Study of Terra and
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The Solar Bolometric Imager - Recen
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On measuring the radiant properties
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A Model of the Spectral Irradiance
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Determination of Aerosol Optical De
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Procedures of absolute calibration
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Using a Blackbody to Determine the
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On the drifts exhibited by cryogeni
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On-orbit Characterization of Terra
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Space solar patrol mission for moni
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Multi-channel ground-based and airb
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Thermal Modelling and Digital Servo
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Calibration of Filter Radiometers f
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Radiometric Calibration of a Coasta
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A Verification of the Ozone Monitor
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Session 5 Photometry and Colorimetr
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Review on new developments in Photo
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Linking Fluorescence Measurements t
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Photoluminescence from White Refere
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A Simple Stray-light Correction Mat
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New robot-based gonioreflectometer
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Rotational radiance invariance of d
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Minimizing Uncertainty for Traceabl
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Development of a total luminous flu
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Determination of the diffuser refer
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DEVELOPMENT OF A LUMINANCE STANDARD
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Measuring photon quantities in the
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Session 6 Novel techniques Proceedi
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Characterization of germanium photo
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Determination of luminous intensity
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ËÒÐ¹ÔÓØÓÒ ×ÓÙÖ ÖÐÒ
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The Measurement of Surface and Volu
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The evaluation of a pyroelectric de
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UV detector calibration based on an
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NEWRAD 2005: Non selective thermal
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NEWRAD 2005 Calibration of Current-
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Simplified diffraction effects for
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Widely Tunable Twin-Beam Light Sour
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Measurement of quantum efficiency u
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Session 7 International Comparisons
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The CCPR K1-a Key Comparison of Spe
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Comparison of Measurements of Spect
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APMP PR-S1 comparison on irradiance
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Comparison Measurements of Spectral
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Comparison of mid-infrared absorpta
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Comparison of photometer calibratio
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A Comparison of Re-C, Pt-C, and Co-
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Session 8 Radiometric and Photometr
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Application of Metal (Carbide)-Carb
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On Estimation of Distribution Tempe
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Hyperspectral Image Projectors for
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Reproducible Metal-Carbon Eutectic
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Thermodynamic temperature determina
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Spatial Light Modulator-based Advan
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Novel subtractive band-pass filters
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Analysis of the Uncertainty Propaga
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Absolute linearity measurements on
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Comparison of two methods for spect
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Precision Extended-Area Low Tempera
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Flash Measurement System for the 25
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A normal broadband irradiance (Heat
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A laser-based radiance source for c
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Furnace for High-Temperature Metal
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Investigations of Impurities in TiC
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Determining the temperature of a bl
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High-temperature fixed-point radiat
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Long-term experience in using deute
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High-temperature fixed-point radiat
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A comparison of Co-C, Pd-C, Pt-C, R
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Irradiance measurements of Re-C, Ti
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Evaluation and improvement of the p
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The Spectrally Tunable LED light So
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Session 9 Realisation of scales Pro
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The Realization and the Disseminati
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The establishment of the NPL infrar
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The PTB High-Accuracy Spectral Resp
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ÆÛ ÑØÓ ÓÖ Ø ÔÖÑÖÝ ÖÐ
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An integrated sphere radiometer as
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From X-rays to T-rays: Synchrotron
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Infrared Radiometry at LNE: charact
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Transfer standard pyrometers for ra
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Preliminary Realization of a Spectr
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New photometric standards developme
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Distribution temperature scale real
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Gloss standard calibration by spect
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Absolute cryogenic radiometry in th
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Detailed Comparison of Illuminance
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Radiometric Temperature Comparisons
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Characterization of Thermopile for
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Detector Based Traceability Chain E
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Comparison of the PTB Radiometric S
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Spectral Responsivity Scale between
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Realization of the NIST Total Spect
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Goniometric Realisation of Reflecta
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