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Skin Cancer Service - Plymouth Hospitals

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Information<br />

for Patients<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

<strong>Plymouth</strong> <strong>Hospitals</strong> NHS Trust<br />

Issue 08/09<br />

Review 08/11<br />

A-134/Onc/<strong>Skin</strong>/RD/Information for<br />

Patients<br />

Derriford Hospital<br />

Derriford Road<br />

<strong>Plymouth</strong><br />

PL6 8DH<br />

Tel: 0845 155 8155<br />

www.plymouthhospitals.nhs.uk


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

Introduction<br />

Your Hospital Team<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

This set of information leaflets is designed to provide you and<br />

your family with information about skin cancer and its treatment.<br />

At each stage of your treatment the relevant information will be<br />

added to your set.<br />

There are blank pages included for you to write down any<br />

questions you have. Any member of the skin cancer team will<br />

be happy to answer them for you either at your clinic<br />

appointment or over the telephone.<br />

There is a space for any member of the skin cancer team to<br />

write down comments or changes to your treatment so you have<br />

an up to date record of your planned care.<br />

We would appreciate any comments you have regarding this<br />

information and how beneficial it has been for you.<br />

Acknowledgement<br />

The authors would like to thank MARCS Line and the Wessex <strong>Cancer</strong><br />

Trust for reference materials used in the creation of this document.<br />

Introduction<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

Your personal details<br />

Your Hospital Team<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

Name ………………………………………….…………...…………...............<br />

Telephone number ……………………………….……………..….................<br />

Address………………………………………………………………................<br />

……………………………………………….…………………………..............<br />

…………………………………………………………………………...............<br />

…………………………………………………………………………...............<br />

Date of birth ………...………………………………………………................<br />

Your GP’s name and address ………...…………………………..................<br />

…………………………………………………………………………...............<br />

GP’s telephone number ……………………………………………................<br />

Consultant’s name ………………………………………………….................<br />

Key Worker ………………………………………………………….................<br />

Your hospital number ……………………………………...……….................<br />

Hospital Address<br />

Derriford Hosptital,<br />

Derriford Road,<br />

<strong>Plymouth</strong><br />

DEVON, PL6 8DH.<br />

Tel: 08551558155<br />

Your Personal Details<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

The <strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> Team at Derriford Hospital<br />

Your Hospital Team<br />

The <strong>Plymouth</strong> <strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> Multidisciplinary Team (MDT) has a large team<br />

of specialists dedicated to providing first class care to patients with skin<br />

cancer. The team includes:<br />

Consultant Dermatologist<br />

Secretary number<br />

Dr Toby Chave (Lead Clinician MDT) 01752 763058<br />

Dr Jane Parrish (Associate Specialist) 01752 763058<br />

Dr Urzula Brudnik 01752 763057<br />

Appointments 01752 439936<br />

Consultant Plastic Surgeon<br />

Mr Duncan Mackenzie 01752 431519<br />

Mr Rob Morris 01752 431515<br />

Mr Anthony Fitton 01752 431515<br />

Mr David Camp 01752 431517<br />

Mr Lachlan Currie 01752 431516<br />

Mr Krish Kumar (Associate Specialist) 01752 431518<br />

Mr Jacob Manushakian 01752 431517<br />

Surgeon Commander Rory Rickard RN 01752 431515<br />

Appointments 01752 439937/431184<br />

Consultant Oncologist<br />

Dr Martin Highley 01752 763994<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> Nurse Specialist<br />

Ruth Devlin 01752 439800<br />

Consultant Histopathologist<br />

Dr Dean Harmse<br />

Consultant Radiologist<br />

Dr P Suresh<br />

Biopsy Nurse<br />

Diana Morgan<br />

The Team meet weekly, every Tuesday afternoon, to agree individual<br />

treatment plans. Following the meeting, you will be seen in the clinic by<br />

your Consultant where your treatment plan will be discussed with you and<br />

your family. A copy of the treatment plan will be sent to your GP.<br />

The <strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> Team at Derriford Hospital<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> Nursing <strong>Service</strong><br />

Ruth Devlin is our <strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> Clinical Nurse Specialist. She is part of<br />

the multi-disciplinary team working towards improving the quality of care<br />

for people with skin cancer.<br />

As a Nurse Specialist, she is available to<br />

• help co-ordinate your care from diagnosis to treatment and through<br />

to follow up care<br />

• be a familiar face who can provide support for you and your family<br />

• provide information on tests, investigations and treatment options<br />

• offer support and advice on symptom control<br />

• provide a link to other professionals and support services<br />

Ruth can be contacted<br />

Monday – Friday<br />

9am – 5pm<br />

01752 439800<br />

e-mail: ruth.devlin@phnt.swest.nhs.uk<br />

Your Treatment Plan<br />

If you would like written details of your management plan please contact<br />

Ruth Devlin, <strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> Nurse Specialist/Key worker on 01752 439800.<br />

Your Key Worker<br />

You will be offered a named Key Worker who will be responsible for<br />

co-ordinating your care. The whole team can be contacted via your key<br />

worker. To find out who your key worker is or for any other information<br />

about your care, please contact Ruth Devlin on 01752 439800.<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> Nursing <strong>Service</strong><br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

Your Treatment Plan<br />

Your Hospital Team<br />

Your suggested treatment plan is<br />

_________________________________________________________<br />

_________________________________________________________<br />

_________________________________________________________<br />

_________________________________________________________<br />

_________________________________________________________<br />

_________________________________________________________<br />

_________________________________________________________<br />

_________________________________________________________<br />

_________________________________________________________<br />

_________________________________________________________<br />

_________________________________________________________<br />

_________________________________________________________<br />

_________________________________________________________<br />

_________________________________________________________<br />

_________________________________________________________<br />

_________________________________________________________<br />

Test results<br />

_________________________________________________________<br />

_________________________________________________________<br />

_________________________________________________________<br />

_________________________________________________________<br />

_________________________________________________________<br />

Your Treatment Plan<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

Malignant Melanoma<br />

Your Hospital Team<br />

What is a Malignant Melanoma?<br />

Malignant melanoma is the rarest, but the most serious of all<br />

skin cancers. There has been a sharp rise in numbers over the<br />

last decade and it accounts for around 7,000 new cases each<br />

year.<br />

It is a cancer of the melanocyte cells, which produce the brown<br />

pigmentation in your skin that forms freckles, moles, and your<br />

suntan. They are found at the base of the epidermis (the top<br />

layer of your skin).<br />

Malignant Melanomas appear in normal skin or in changing<br />

moles. Suspicious changes include an increase in size or<br />

change in shape, deepening in colour, itching, bleeding and<br />

surrounding inflammation. They can spread along the skin’s<br />

surface but they can also penetrate inwards into the deeper<br />

layers of the skin. This is when, if left untreated, they may<br />

spread to other areas of your body.<br />

If any of the melanoma cells have broken away they can spread<br />

to your lymph glands (also called nodes). You have lymph<br />

glands all over your body. There are large groups of them in<br />

your neck, jaw, axilla (armpit), elbow creases, groin and behind<br />

your knees. If the melanoma has spread it will generally travel<br />

to the nearest group of nodes from the original site and if this<br />

happens you will need to have all the glands in that area<br />

removed. This is known as a “block dissection”.<br />

Malignant Melanoma<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

Malignant Melanoma<br />

What are the causes?<br />

The cause of melanoma is not entirely understood but there is<br />

strong evidence to suggest that ultraviolet radiation caused by<br />

exposure to high intensity sunshine (causing the skin to burn) is<br />

a major factor. People with fair or red complexions are<br />

particularly at risk especially if they have been sunburnt during<br />

childhood and early adulthood. A small group of people may<br />

have a genetic predisposition to the development of melanoma<br />

and the use of sun beds is also thought to increase the risk of<br />

developing skin cancer.<br />

How are they treated?<br />

Treatment of malignant melanoma depends largely on the result<br />

of your biopsy, which usually involves close but complete<br />

surgical excision of the mole, and will tell us how thick your<br />

melanoma is (the Breslow thickness). You will be given the<br />

results of your tests approximately 4 weeks afterwards in the<br />

outpatients department.<br />

Following your biopsy you may need to have another operation<br />

called a “wide local excision” this is where a margin of healthy<br />

tissue is removed from around your biopsy scar. See additional<br />

leaflet on “wide local excision”.<br />

In some cases you will be asked to have other investigations to<br />

find out if there has already been any spread of your melanoma.<br />

Lentigo maligna (a form of malignant melanoma in situ) is not<br />

always treated with surgery because it has not penetrated into<br />

the deeper layer of skin it can sometimes be treated with<br />

radiotherapy or chemotherapy creams.<br />

Malignant Melanoma<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

Malignant Melanoma<br />

Your Hospital Team<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

-<br />

Follow-Up Care<br />

You will initially need to be seen as an outpatient every 3 months<br />

for 3 years, this may then be continued on a 6 monthly basis for<br />

a further 2 years.<br />

At your follow-up appointments your melanoma site will be<br />

examined for signs of recurrence and your lymph glands will be<br />

examined for signs of enlargement. You will be shown what to<br />

look for in your melanoma site and how to examine your own<br />

lymph glands by your Consultant and the Clinical Nurse<br />

Specialist. See additional leaflet on “how to check your lymph<br />

nodes”.<br />

Telephone numbers for follow-up appointments:<br />

Dermatology 01752 439936<br />

Plastic Surgery 01752 439937/431184<br />

Oncology 01752 763994<br />

Malignant Melanoma<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

Wide Local Excision<br />

The aim of this surgery is to remove an area of healthy tissue<br />

from around the site of the melanoma and therefore minimise<br />

the risk of the cancer returning to that area. You will already<br />

have a scar from where you had your mole/lesion removed, and<br />

as we need to take away more skin you will end up with a<br />

slightly longer scar. The wound itself will be closed with stitches<br />

and tape over the top to reinforce the wound. The stitches (if<br />

they are not dissolvable) will need to be removed 7–14 days<br />

post surgery.<br />

In some cases there will not be enough skin to close the wound<br />

directly, in which case you may need to have a skin graft, but<br />

your doctor will discuss this with you beforehand.<br />

Following your procedure your doctor will advise you on care of<br />

the wound.<br />

Possible post operative problems<br />

Pain – You may experience some mild discomfort following<br />

surgery. This can easily be controlled with mild pain killers.<br />

You will be given a supply before you leave hospital.<br />

Bruising and haematoma – You may experience some<br />

bruising. This will gradually disappear, but occasionally blood<br />

collects within the tissues surrounding the wound causing<br />

swelling, discomfort and hardness. This is called a haematoma.<br />

Although the blood will eventually be reabsorbed by the body,<br />

this can take a few weeks. If the haematoma causes you a lot of<br />

discomfort, you should contact:<br />

• Your GP<br />

• Dermatology Department on 763053<br />

• Plastic Surgery Dressing Clinic on 01752 431024<br />

Wide Local Excision<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

Infection – If your wound becomes red, inflamed, more painful<br />

or begins to ooze you may need a course of antibiotics, so you<br />

will need to contact:<br />

• Your GP<br />

• Dermatology Department on 01752 763053<br />

• Plastic Surgery Dressing Clinic on 01752 431024<br />

Movement – Depending on where your wound is you may need<br />

to be careful when moving/lifting but you will be told this before<br />

you leave hospital.<br />

Follow-Up Appointment<br />

You will need to have a wound check following surgery. This is<br />

to check that there are no problems and that your wound is<br />

healing well. This may be done at your G.P.’s surgery by the<br />

practice nurse (you will need to make an appointment).<br />

Following this you may need to come back to the hospital<br />

outpatient department for follow-up. (See previous paragraph on<br />

follow-up care).<br />

Wide Local Excision<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

How to Check Your Lymph Nodes<br />

Your Hospital Team<br />

Introduction<br />

You have been diagnosed with a skin cancer that on occasions<br />

can spread into the lymphatic system. That is why, as part of<br />

your examination, your nodes are examined by your doctor or<br />

specialist nurse at your follow-up appointments. The lymph<br />

nodes examined depend on the location of your skin cancer,<br />

eg: if your skin cancer was on your leg then the lymph nodes in<br />

your inguinal area (groin) will be felt or if on your face then the<br />

nodes in your head and neck would be examined. The aim is to<br />

detect any enlargement of the lymph nodes and undertake<br />

investigations at an early stage. Some people express a wish to<br />

check their own lymph nodes between clinic appointments. This<br />

is why you have been given this information. Your doctor or<br />

nurse will show you how and which lymph nodes to check.<br />

The Lymphatic System<br />

This system consists of<br />

lymphatic vessels and<br />

tissue. Lymph is a fluid that<br />

contains proteins and waste<br />

materials, which is collected<br />

from around the cells in the<br />

body, eventually draining into<br />

larger vessels.<br />

Position of Lymph Nodes<br />

How to Check Your Lymph Nodes<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

Lymphatic vessels.<br />

One way of describing this is to imagine a river that starts as a<br />

small stream, which then weaves its way between the cells and<br />

small blood vessels of the body’s connective tissue. On its<br />

journey more tissue and waste material is collected. The fluid<br />

(lymph) that accumulates firstly drains into larger lymph vessels,<br />

then into ducts in the neck, before emptying into the blood<br />

stream.<br />

Lymphatic tissue.<br />

Lymph nodes are small oval clumps of lymphatic tissue found at<br />

intervals along the vessels. They are grouped like “beads on a<br />

string” both deep in the body and near the surface (see previous<br />

diagram). These lymph nodes filter out harmful organisms and<br />

cells from the lymphatic fluid before it is returned to the blood<br />

stream. Lymph nodes can only be felt in the areas listed:<br />

• head and neck<br />

• arms<br />

• axilla (armpits)<br />

• inguinal area (groin)<br />

• back of knees<br />

Usually lymph nodes are not enlarged and thus not able to be<br />

felt, but if you have previously had an infection (such as<br />

tonsillitis) you may have noticed and felt lymph nodes becoming<br />

enlarged, painful and tender. Lymph nodes can also become<br />

enlarged due to cancer cells lodging in them.<br />

Checking your lymph nodes once a month is sufficient and this<br />

can be done at the same time as you check your skin for any<br />

changing moles. Checking them more often may result<br />

indifficulty noticing any change.<br />

Do not panic if you feel a lymph node as it may well be due to an<br />

infection, but if it has not gone away in a week contact your<br />

doctor or specialist nurse.<br />

How to Check Your Lymph Nodes<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

How to Check Lymph Nodes in the Head<br />

and Neck<br />

Your Hospital Team<br />

• With your fingertips, in a gentle circular motion feel the lymph<br />

nodes shown.<br />

• Start with the nodes in front of the ear (1) then follow in order<br />

finishing just above the collar bone (10)<br />

• Always check your nodes in this order.<br />

• Check both sides for comparison. If you have an enlarged<br />

lymph node it may feel like a swelling the size of a pea,<br />

sometimes they can be larger.<br />

When feeling the nodes in your neck (marked 8):<br />

• Tilt your head towards the side you are examining, this helps<br />

to relax the muscle.<br />

• Now press your fingers under the muscle.<br />

When checking the lymph nodes above the collar bone:<br />

• Hunch your shoulders and bring your elbows forward to relax<br />

the skin.<br />

• Now feel above the collar bone (marked 10).<br />

How to Check Lymph Nodes in the Head and Neck<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

How to Check Lymph Nodes in the Armpit<br />

Your Hospital Team<br />

Remove all clothing down to the waist to get easy access<br />

to the armpits.<br />

• Sit in a comfortable position.<br />

• Check each armpit in turn.<br />

To check the left side, lift your arm slightly then place the fingers<br />

of your right hand high into the armpit and then lower your arm.<br />

• Feel in the central area of the armpit.<br />

Now move your fingers firmly against the chest wall as<br />

follows:<br />

• Along the front border of the armpit.<br />

• Along the back border of the armpit.<br />

• Feel along the inner border of the arm.<br />

Now check the other armpit.<br />

How to Check Lymph Nodes in The Armpit<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

How to Check Lymph Nodes in the Groin<br />

Your Hospital Team<br />

There are two areas to look for inguinal (groin) nodes:<br />

• Feel the horizontal chain of nodes in the right groin just<br />

below the ligament (see above diagram).<br />

• Feel the vertical chain along the upper thigh (see above<br />

diagram).<br />

• Check the lymph nodes in the other groin.<br />

Conclusion<br />

The purpose of this information is to help you understand why<br />

you have your nodes checked at your follow-up appointments.<br />

It explains which lymph nodes you need to check and how to<br />

undertake this procedure yourself. The aim is to ensure that if in<br />

the unlikely case there is spread of your skin cancer to the<br />

lymph nodes, it is detected and reported to your doctor or nurse<br />

straight away rather than waiting until your next clinic<br />

appointment.<br />

How to Check Lymph Nodes in the Groin<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

Pre-operative Assessment<br />

What is pre-operative assessment and why do I<br />

have to have it?<br />

Pre-operative assessment is an outpatient clinic you will be<br />

asked to attend prior to your surgery. It will be on Marlborough<br />

Ward, Level 10 at Derriford Hospital.<br />

Assessing you before your operation allows us to:<br />

• determine your fitness for the forthcoming anaesthetic<br />

• give you information about your operation and answer any<br />

questions you may have<br />

• prepare you for your operation and plan your discharge<br />

You will be seen one to two weeks before your operation<br />

How long will it take?<br />

Assessment itself usually takes about 45 minutes, but you will<br />

need to allow time for any tests to be carried out. Please allow<br />

two hours in total.<br />

How will I be assessed?<br />

Pre-assessment is a very individual process where a specially<br />

trained nurse will assess you. It may also be necessary for you<br />

to see<br />

• A consultant or doctor<br />

• An anaesthetist<br />

What does the assessment involve?<br />

The assessment will involve checking:<br />

• any previous medical / surgical history<br />

• whether you have any current medical problems<br />

• any medications you take<br />

• how you will manage at home with personal hygiene and<br />

domestic chores<br />

Pre-operative Assesment<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

• what help and support you have, e.g. with cooking,<br />

shopping, care of young children<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

We will give you information about:<br />

• the operation itself<br />

• how long you can expect to be in hospital<br />

• what to expect after the operation and your discharge<br />

from hospital<br />

• some of the risks involved<br />

• we will want to weigh you, record your blood pressure and<br />

pulse<br />

We may also want to carry out other investigations, including:<br />

• blood tests<br />

• ECG (tracing of heart activity)<br />

• MRSA screening<br />

What do I need to bring?<br />

You need to bring any medication you are taking<br />

What happens if you feel unwell or we find<br />

something wrong?<br />

Simple problems can often be treated by your GP before you are<br />

due to come into hospital, this will allow the operation to go<br />

ahead as planned. However, complicated problems are<br />

sometimes more difficult to solve; your consultant or anaesthetist<br />

may postpone your operation temporarily to allow time for further<br />

tests or treatment. This is to ensure you are as fit as possible for<br />

your operation. If this happens you will be given a new<br />

admission date as soon as possible.<br />

If you have any problems / queries please<br />

do not hesitate to contact Marlborough Ward<br />

Tel: 0845 155 8133<br />

Pre-operative Assesment<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> Grafts for <strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong><br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

Your Hospital Team<br />

Surgery for skin cancer involves removing the affected area and<br />

some of the surrounding, healthy-looking skin. If the area is<br />

fairly small, it will be possible to close the wound by bringing the<br />

edges of the skin together. Larger wounds may need a skin graft<br />

to cover the area.<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> grafts are layers of skin taken from another part of the body<br />

(see the ‘donor site’ leaflet) and placed over the area where the<br />

cancer has been removed. A partial thickness (or split thickness)<br />

skin graft is where the epidermis and a part of the dermis layer is<br />

used. The skin is usually taken from the thigh, buttock or upper<br />

arm. <strong>Skin</strong> will grow back in this area.<br />

A full thickness skin graft is where the epidermis and the full<br />

dermis layers are used. In this case, only a small area is taken<br />

from the donor site and the skin edges of the donor site are then<br />

stitched together to heal. <strong>Skin</strong> may be taken from the neck, the<br />

area behind the ears and the inner side of the upper arm.<br />

How is a skin graft applied?<br />

You may have either a general or a local anaesthetic depending<br />

on the area being grafted. Your doctor will advise you which is<br />

best for you. Once the skin layer has been taken from the donor<br />

site, it is placed over the wound where the cancer has been<br />

removed. The graft may be stapled, stitched or glued in place,<br />

or simply laid onto the area. These techniques depend on the<br />

patient, the size of the skin graft and the area where it is applied,<br />

or on the Consultant’s instructions.<br />

What happens after the surgery?<br />

You will need to take things gently for the first two weeks to allow<br />

the graft to heal properly. The grafted area is quite fragile, so it<br />

is important not to rub or brush against the graft or the dressing,<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> Grafts for <strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong><br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

or put any pressure on the area. If it is anywhere other than on<br />

your leg(s), you can start walking as soon as you feel up to it.<br />

If it is on one or both of your legs, then we encourage limited<br />

mobility for usually for 2 days, or until the skin graft is secure<br />

enough for walking. This means you can transfer from bed to<br />

chair only and avoiding putting any weight through the grafted<br />

leg. The nursing staff will advise you when you can start to walk.<br />

If the grafted area is on your hand you may have a sling to keep<br />

your arm raised as much as possible.<br />

What dressing will be used?<br />

Both the graft and donor site will be covered by a dressing. The<br />

dressing applied to the graft is important as it helps to immobilise<br />

the grafted area, which will encourage the graft to take.<br />

Will I need to keep it dressed when I go home?<br />

Yes, in the early days a protective dressing will be necessary.<br />

This will be changed by either the plastic surgery dressing clinic<br />

at the hospital, the district nurse or by your GP practice nurse if<br />

you can attend there.<br />

How can I help my skin graft to take?<br />

By eating a healthy balanced diet with plenty of protein such as<br />

milk, meat, cheese, yoghurt, eggs and fish. Avoiding smoking<br />

also helps as smoking slows down the healing process by<br />

reducing the oxygen and blood supply to the grafted area.<br />

What will my skin graft look like?<br />

With any skin graft, scar formation is inevitable. The appearance<br />

of your skin graft will change considerably over the weeks and<br />

months to follow, so its initial appearance should not cause<br />

alarm. It can take up to 18 months for a scar to “mature”, usually<br />

leaving a pale, soft, flat and supple surface.<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> Grafts for <strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong><br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

How do I care for the skin graft once it has healed?<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> grafts have fewer oil and sweat glands so tend to become<br />

dry. When the graft is completely healed, it should be kept clean<br />

by gentle washing. Avoid very hot water and never use highly<br />

perfumed soaps, creams or bubble baths until it is well healed.<br />

You need to gently massage oily cream in once or twice a day to<br />

moisturise the graft and keep the skin supple. E45, aqueous<br />

cream or unperfumed Nivea can be used. This is usually kept<br />

up for 6 months.<br />

Will I need to wear any support when I go home?<br />

If your skin graft is on your leg, yes you will. Tubigrip (an elastic<br />

stocking) is required for walking for several months after and<br />

should not be discontinued without medical advice. Tubigrip<br />

should be applied in the morning and removed when you go to<br />

bed. Your leg(s) should be elevated on a stool when you are<br />

resting to prevent any unnecessary swelling.<br />

Is there any other advice I should know about<br />

caring for my skin graft?<br />

Yes, the skin graft will be very sensitive to the sun. The graft<br />

may sunburn more readily or develop blotchy pigmentation. For<br />

the first year during strong sunshine, your graft should be<br />

protected. Keep it covered up or use total block cream that you<br />

can buy from your local chemist.<br />

If you experience any problems immediately after your<br />

discharge from hospital, you can telephone Lynher Ward<br />

anytime on 01752 7922744 for advice. If you experience any<br />

problems once you are under the care of the dressing clinic,<br />

please contact them on 01752 431024 (Monday-Friday, 0830-<br />

1630).<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> Grafts for <strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong><br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

Donor Sites<br />

What is a donor site?<br />

A donor site is the area left where a piece of skin has been taken<br />

to cover a wound on another part of the body. There are various<br />

areas from which skin can be taken, such as the thigh, the upper<br />

arm, or even the buttocks.<br />

How long will it take for the donor site to heal?<br />

It usually takes around 10-14 days. The dressing applied in<br />

theatre at the time of your operation will stay in place for that<br />

period and should be kept clean and dry. A donor site is like a<br />

bad graze, so the dressing protects the raw surface and allows it<br />

to heal, and also soaks up any fluid that naturally seeps from the<br />

wound. This can sometimes cause a strange odour, but this is<br />

normal.<br />

Will the dressing need to be changed before the<br />

10-14 day period?<br />

There are times when a donor area does need to be changed,<br />

such as if the dressing becomes loose, if there is an excessive<br />

loss of fluid through the dressing or if it becomes infected. This<br />

can be done by the hospital nurse if you are still in hospital, by<br />

the plastic surgery dressing clinic nurses or by your local<br />

practice nurse once you have been discharged.<br />

Will I get any pain from my donor site?<br />

Some people experience more pain than others, usually within<br />

the first 48 hours. Regular painkillers, such as paracetamol, can<br />

be taken.<br />

Donor Sites<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

Who will remove the dressing when it is due to<br />

come off?<br />

This will be done by the plastic surgery dressing clinic at the<br />

hospital, the district nurse or by your GP practice nurse if you<br />

can attend there. This will be arranged by the ward staff when<br />

you are discharged. The dressing usually loosens itself as the<br />

wound heals, otherwise it can be soaked off in the bath. If the<br />

area is fully healed and dry, then it can be left exposed and you<br />

can massage in cream, such as E45 or Nivea, twice a day.<br />

Do not apply it to raw areas.<br />

Do I have to be careful about what clothing I wear?<br />

Try not to wear articles of clothing that might make you itch or<br />

may be too tight. But if you find that some clothes do rub, a<br />

protective dry dressing should be worn.<br />

Will my donor site look like normal skin when it is<br />

healed?<br />

You can expect your donor site to change colour. At first it can<br />

look bright red, but over several months will become paler.<br />

Eventually it will blend in, but it may end up slightly paler than<br />

your surrounding skin. Be aware that, as with your skin graft,<br />

you should avoid strong sunlight, so you need to cover up or use<br />

total sun block. Advice should be taken from your doctor about<br />

lifting, stretching and returning to work.<br />

If you experience any problems immediately after your discharge<br />

from hospital, you can telephone Lynher Ward anytime on<br />

01752 7922744 for advice. If you experience any problems<br />

once you are under the care of the dressing clinic, please<br />

contact them on 01752 431024 (Monday-Friday, 0830-1630).<br />

Donor Sites<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

Squamous Cell Carcinoma (SCC)<br />

What is a squamous cell carcinoma?<br />

Squamous cell carcinoma is the second most common form of<br />

skin cancer. They are slow growing, red, scaly, irregular lesions<br />

that can bleed easily and fail to heal within 4-6 weeks. If left<br />

untreated they can spread to other parts of the body.<br />

What are the causes?<br />

Prolonged exposure to sunlight is the cause of almost all<br />

squamous cell carcinomas. They occur most frequently on<br />

exposed parts of the body such as the face, ears, neck, scalp,<br />

shoulders and back. Rarely, SCCs can develop on non-exposed<br />

areas of the body. Anyone with a history of frequent sun<br />

exposure and repeated sunburn are high risk and also people<br />

who have fair skin, light hair, and blue, green, or grey eyes.<br />

How are they treated?<br />

Squamous cell carcinoma can be treated by minor surgery under<br />

a local or general anaesthetic. Treatment depends on the size<br />

and position of the SCC and can involve:-<br />

Currettage:<br />

For very small SCCs this is a very effective treatment. Under a<br />

local anaesthetic your doctor can simply scrape the lesion away<br />

from your skin. This might leave a small scar.<br />

Surgery:<br />

Most SCCs can be cut out and this is often the best treatment.<br />

This allows the tissue to be tested by a pathologist to confirm the<br />

diagnosis and check that it has been completely removed.<br />

Occasionally excision is not complete or the margin is narrow<br />

necessitating further treatment. Cutting the SCC out means that<br />

Sqaumous Cell Carcinoma<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

the hole left behind may require a skin graft (see leaflet on “skin<br />

grafts”).<br />

SCCs that are large (greater than 2cm in diameter) or thick,<br />

have a higher risk of spreading to other parts of the body. If the<br />

SCC spreads to the local lymph glands (there may be a lump in<br />

the groin, armpit or neck) then surgical removal of all the glands<br />

in that area will be required. See leaflet “how to check your<br />

lymph nodes”.<br />

Radiotherapy:<br />

Treating SCCs with a very short and localised course of<br />

radiotherapy has been shown to be as effective in curing SCCs.<br />

In some patients this may be the best option.<br />

Follow up<br />

Patients with small, low risk SCCs may be discharged back to<br />

their GP after removal.<br />

Patients with more aggressive tumours are followed up regularly<br />

every 3-6 months in out patients for up to five years. Your doctor<br />

will decide how often your follow up will be.<br />

Telephone numbers for follow-up appointments:<br />

Dermatology 01752 439936<br />

Plastic Surgery 01752 439937/431184<br />

Oncology 01752 763994<br />

Sqaumous Cell Carcinoma<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

Contact Details<br />

Some contacts that you may find useful:<br />

• Macmillan <strong>Cancer</strong> Support – contact cancer nurses for<br />

support and information, produce an extensive range of<br />

booklets and fact sheets on all aspects of cancer, available<br />

free to patients.<br />

Telephone 0808 808 0000 or www.macmillan.org.uk<br />

• Macmillan <strong>Cancer</strong> Support Fund – is a UK-wide charity<br />

which supports people living with cancer. Macmillan<br />

cancer relief will provide grants for people with cancer in<br />

financial need. Your skin cancer specialist nurse can apply for<br />

grants to the fund on your behalf.<br />

• Marcs Line – a resource centre for melanoma and related<br />

conditions and has a help line.<br />

Telephone 01722 415071 or marcsline@wessexcancer.org or<br />

www.wessexcancer.org<br />

• <strong>Cancer</strong> Research UK – a national information service for<br />

all types of cancer.<br />

Telephone 0808 800 4040 or www.cancerhelp.org.uk and<br />

www.sunsmart.org.uk<br />

• Winston’s Wish – guidance and information for families of<br />

bereaved children, supporting bereaved children and young<br />

people.<br />

Telephone 0845 203 0405 or www.winstonswish.org.uk<br />

• Benefit Enquiry Line – for help and advice on claiming<br />

benefit entitlements.<br />

Telephone 0800 882200<br />

Contact Details<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

Contact Details<br />

• Citizens Advice Bureau –Your phone book will have the<br />

number for your local office.<br />

• Southwest Public Health Observatory<br />

www.swpho.nhs.uk<br />

• The Mustard Tree Macmillan Centre<br />

Offer people affected by cancer access to good quality,<br />

comprehensive and appropriate information and support.<br />

The Centre is based on Level 3, Derriford Hospital.<br />

Opening times are Monday to Friday (except Bank Holidays).<br />

Drop in or telephone on 01752 763672.<br />

• The Triangle Centres<br />

For cancer support and information for patients, their families<br />

and carers. The Centres, staffed by professionals and trained<br />

volunteers, provide a friendly and welcoming environment<br />

where you can share your concerns, ask questions and<br />

receive support and information.<br />

Devonport, Cumberland Centre<br />

Mondays 1.45pm - 5.50pm<br />

Telephone 08451558002<br />

Kingsbridge, South Hams Hospital<br />

Tuesday 9.30am - 4.40pm<br />

Telephone 01548 852349<br />

Liskeard, Liskeard Community Hospital<br />

Thursday 9.30am - 4.30pm<br />

Telephone 01579 335600 Ext. 5628<br />

Tavistock, Tavistock Clinic<br />

Fridays 9.15am - 4.15pm<br />

Telephone 01822 615935<br />

Contact Details<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

Help with Finance<br />

Your Hospital Team<br />

Help with travel costs for patients<br />

Patients in receipt of the following can claim for help with travel<br />

expenses:<br />

• Pension credit (guaranteed credit)<br />

• Income support<br />

• Income based job seekers allowance<br />

• Working tax credit in certain cases<br />

• Child tax credit in certain cases<br />

• Patients on a low income who have been issued with a<br />

HC2 or HC3 form<br />

• Patients who are on a low income but are unable to<br />

produce the above should complete a HC1 or HC5 form<br />

and send it to the health benefits division in the envelope<br />

provided with the form<br />

• War pensions (claim direct from War Office)<br />

• Asylum Seekers<br />

Help with travel costs for carers<br />

Carers can claim back travel cost from the DWP social fund if<br />

the patient is in receipt of:<br />

• Pension credit<br />

• Income support<br />

• Income based job seeker allowance<br />

Other Funding for travel costs<br />

You may be eligible for assistance via other charitable funding<br />

such as Macmillan grants or local cancer charities. You can<br />

speak to our benefits advisor to check your entitlement.<br />

Help with Finance<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

Help with Finance<br />

Your Hospital Team<br />

Full time benefits advisor<br />

We appreciate that during times of prolonged treatment a<br />

person’s financial position can alter radically. If you are not sure<br />

whether you are entitled to a benefit, or need help and advice,<br />

why not make a confidential appointment with our benefits<br />

advisor who is now full time within the Mustard Tree <strong>Cancer</strong><br />

Support Centre. She can help with:<br />

• Prescription charges<br />

• Work and cancer<br />

• General benefits for those who are sick or are caring<br />

• Travel costs for patients and their carers<br />

• Macmillan Grants<br />

• <strong>Plymouth</strong> and Cornwall <strong>Cancer</strong> Fund<br />

• Patient Voluntary Welfare Fund<br />

Please ring the Mustard Tree Macmillan Centre (01752) 763672<br />

to arrange an appointment.<br />

How do I find out more information?<br />

Advice and useful links can also be obtained from<br />

www.be.macmillan.org.uk or from the Macmillan helpline on<br />

freefone 0808 808 0000<br />

Help with Finance<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

Car Parking and Transport<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

Public Transport<br />

Derriford Hospital is well served by buses from <strong>Plymouth</strong> and<br />

the surrounding area. For information on timetables and fares<br />

contact:<br />

http://www.traveline.org.uk<br />

Park and Ride<br />

Derriford is served well by public transport, hosting the second<br />

busiest bus terminal in <strong>Plymouth</strong> with 44 buses per hour calling<br />

at peak times.<br />

In addition, there is a public park and ride site located north of<br />

the hospital at the George junction (opposite the George<br />

Pub/Hotel). This is ideal for patients and visitors travelling from<br />

the north of the city to Derriford Hospital. It is open from 6.30am<br />

to 6.30pm and parking is free, although you will need to buy a<br />

ticket to travel on the bus (currently £1.50).<br />

Catch the First Bus no.7 service from the park and ride, which<br />

stops directly outside the main entrance to the hospital.<br />

The no.7 service leaves the park and ride every 30 minutes at<br />

24 minutes and 44 minutes past the hour.<br />

Car Parking and Transport<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

Walking and Cycling<br />

Walking or cycling to the hospital may be an option for you or<br />

visitors. Cycle parking is located by the main entrance. For a<br />

<strong>Plymouth</strong> cycle map contact <strong>Plymouth</strong> City Council on 304316 or<br />

pick one up from the hospital foyer.<br />

Taxis<br />

You can phone Taxifast free from the Derriford Hospital foyer on<br />

01752 222222. There are several other taxi providers, some of<br />

which are wheelchair accessible meaning patients can remain in<br />

their wheelchairs without transferring and drivers will convey<br />

patients direct to their appointments<br />

Drop-off bays<br />

Drop-off and collection bays are available around the hospital<br />

entrances.<br />

Transport Access for Patients (TAP)<br />

Priority is given to vulnerable people in isolated and rural areas.<br />

You may qualify for TAP if you:<br />

• Do not have or are unable for medical reasons to travel in<br />

your own transport<br />

• Cannot be driven to your healthcare appointment with friends,<br />

neighbours or relatives<br />

• Are medically unable to use public transport, or this is not<br />

practical due to your isolated/rural address AND without<br />

transport you will be unable to keep your hospital<br />

appointment.<br />

Please telephone TAP (Transport Access for Patients)<br />

On: 08450 539100<br />

Car Parking and Transport<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

Car parking charges<br />

There are several short-stay pay and display car parks for<br />

patients and visitors. Parking charges apply between 8am and<br />

9pm.<br />

Time<br />

Cost<br />

0-45 min Free (must obtain free ticket from pay and display<br />

45m-2hr £2.20<br />

2-3 hrs £3.30<br />

3-4 hrs £4.40<br />

4-6 hrs £6.60<br />

6-8 hrs £8.00<br />

No Charge between 21.00hrs – 07.00hrs<br />

There is a change machine at the main entrance on level 6.<br />

Concessions<br />

A range of concessionary tickets are available:<br />

• Patients attending clinics for Oncology, Chemotherapy or<br />

Radiotherapy.<br />

• Discounts are available for stays of a week or longer:<br />

£24 for a 5 day ticket (2 days free parking)<br />

£32 or a 7 day ticket (3 days free parking)<br />

£96 for a 1 month ticket (7 days free parking)<br />

All concessionary tickets can be shared between different<br />

vehicles<br />

Car Parking and Transport<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

For more information on these concessions please<br />

• ring 01752 763949<br />

• or go to the parking office in car park A. The parking office is<br />

open Monday – Friday 9am – 4pm; Saturday & Sunday<br />

3pm – 3.30pm and closed on Bank Holidays<br />

Free Parking<br />

The following groups are entitled to free parking:<br />

• All registered disabled patients who hold a disabled badge or<br />

drivers who are transporting a patient who holds a disabled<br />

badge<br />

• Relatives of those patients who are being cared for on the<br />

Liverpool End of Life Care Pathway (wards must ring to<br />

notify the parking office)<br />

Unexpected Stays<br />

If a patient’s stay is unexpectedly extended either due to clinics<br />

running late or unexpected admission to hospital, then please<br />

ask the ward/department to contact the parking office on 53949<br />

giving the patients car details and which car park they are parked<br />

in.<br />

Travel Expenses<br />

Some patients in receipt of certain state benefits may be entitled<br />

to a refund of their parking costs and travel expenses. Patients<br />

who are entitled to claim back their parking costs must collect a<br />

receipt from the parking office in car park A and take this receipt<br />

to the cashier’s office on level 7, Derriford Hospital or telephone<br />

0845 155 8170.<br />

Car Parking and Transport<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>


<strong>Plymouth</strong> Hospital NHS Trust<br />

Your Questions<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong><br />

Your Questions<br />

<strong>Skin</strong> <strong>Cancer</strong> <strong>Service</strong>

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