Ethiopie_CarbonModel Bale.pdf - Planet Action
Ethiopie_CarbonModel Bale.pdf - Planet Action
Ethiopie_CarbonModel Bale.pdf - Planet Action
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A Carbon Model<br />
for the <strong>Bale</strong><br />
Mountains<br />
National Park,<br />
Ethiopia<br />
Dr. Anouska A. Kinahan<br />
<strong>Bale</strong> Mountains Conservation Project<br />
Technical Advisor<br />
Carbon Neutral Conservation:<br />
a novel concept?
Frankfurt Zoological Society ( FZS)<br />
• Prof Bernard Gzrimek conducted landmark<br />
studies in Serengeti National Park- “Serengeti<br />
will not die” -Help For Threatened Wildlife<br />
•150 years Zoo:50 years society<br />
•Goal: the conservation of natural ecosystems<br />
both for their intrinsic values and for the long-term<br />
benefit of people<br />
• Over 80 Projects worldwide: Park<br />
support; species and habitat<br />
protection; conservation capacity<br />
2004- FZS Ethiopia<br />
BMCP; AECP<br />
10-year FZS commitment<br />
BMCP GMP
<strong>Bale</strong> Mountains National Park<br />
Largest expanse of<br />
Afro-Alpine on<br />
continent<br />
Providing water to millions of<br />
downstream users<br />
2 nd largest moist<br />
tropical and<br />
cloud forest<br />
in Ethiopia<br />
Last remaining stocks of<br />
genetically wild forest coffee on<br />
continent
Biodiversity Hotspot<br />
Largest expanse of<br />
Afro-Alpine on<br />
continent<br />
Providing water to millions of<br />
downstream users<br />
2 nd largest moist<br />
tropical and<br />
cloud forest<br />
in Ethiopia
Under Threat…….<br />
Providing water to millions of<br />
downstream users<br />
2 nd largest moist<br />
tropical Human, and livestock and agricultural<br />
cloud expansion forest<br />
in Ethiopia<br />
Forest clearings -<br />
deforestation
Convention of Biological<br />
Diversity<br />
2004 – 188 Countries Global Program of Work<br />
Key factor preventing activities:<br />
Providing water to millions of<br />
downstream users<br />
LACK OF FINANCIAL RESOURCES TO<br />
CARRY OUT CONSERVATION<br />
GOAL: to ensure FINANCIAL SUSTAINABILITY<br />
of protected areas……………<br />
Human, livestock and agricultural<br />
expansion<br />
Forest clearings -<br />
deforestation
Costs of Protection<br />
WCMC 1996 $526/Km 2 –developing countries<br />
BMNP $14/Km 2<br />
Providing FZS & BMNP water $132/Km to millions 2<br />
of<br />
downstream users<br />
Payments for<br />
Ecosystem<br />
Services?<br />
BMNP<br />
2%<br />
FZS<br />
24%<br />
2 nd largest moist Deficit<br />
tropical Human, and livestock 74% and agricultural<br />
cloud expansion forest<br />
in Ethiopia<br />
Forest clearings -<br />
deforestation
BMNP-Carbon Conservation & Sustainable<br />
Financing Model (CCSFM)<br />
1. Mitigation<br />
Carbon Neutral<br />
Conservation?<br />
Alternative fuel<br />
Protection of<br />
ecosystem<br />
Alternative fuel<br />
options from<br />
local materials<br />
Consultant<br />
Active management<br />
interventions<br />
Community PFM<br />
Equipment/ Training<br />
Community scouts<br />
Research and<br />
Monitoring<br />
Livelihoods<br />
Reduced<br />
Human threats<br />
Capacity<br />
building<br />
Global<br />
awareness<br />
Finance
BMNP-Carbon Conservation & Sustainable<br />
Financing Model (CCSFM)<br />
2. Finance<br />
Carbon Credits<br />
Carbon Neutral<br />
Park<br />
WHS/<br />
BR status<br />
Voluntary/<br />
Private<br />
Individuals<br />
Quality<br />
Model for other<br />
parks<br />
Marketing/PR<br />
Increased revenue<br />
Global awareness<br />
Research &<br />
Monitoring<br />
Carbon offsets<br />
Livelihoods<br />
Conservation
1973-2000 1.6km 2 pa<br />
2000-2007 15km 2 pa
Avoided deforestation<br />
$1,000,000.00<br />
$900,000.00<br />
$800,000.00<br />
Forest =150 t/C/ha; $4 t/C<br />
Currently ~ 90,0000 ha protected forest<br />
Economic value (USD)<br />
$700,000.00<br />
$600,000.00<br />
$500,000.00<br />
$400,000.00<br />
$300,000.00<br />
$200,000.00<br />
$100,000.00<br />
$-<br />
100<br />
200<br />
300<br />
400<br />
500<br />
600<br />
700<br />
800<br />
900<br />
1000<br />
1100<br />
1200<br />
1300<br />
1400<br />
1500<br />
Prevented deforestation (Ha)
Flight offsets<br />
$500,000<br />
$450,000<br />
100%<br />
$400,000<br />
$58,667 Interpretive center<br />
Flight offset income p.a.<br />
$350,000<br />
$300,000<br />
$250,000<br />
$200,000<br />
$150,000<br />
$100,000<br />
$29,333<br />
$14,667 29 Scouts<br />
MSc training x 3 park experts<br />
50%<br />
25%<br />
$50,000<br />
$0<br />
1320 1440 1560 1680 1800 1920 2040 2160 2280 2400 5000 10000<br />
No.tourists p.a
<strong>Bale</strong> Region Carbon Concept<br />
Farm Africa/SOS Sahel Ethiopia and Forest Enterprise
Limitations/Challenges<br />
Revenue Retention ; Finance models<br />
Park Authorities<br />
Infrastructure; Systems<br />
Capacity<br />
Time<br />
Park still not Gazetted
Current and Future Activities<br />
Current Studies<br />
Capacity building: para-ecologists<br />
Providing water to millions of<br />
downstream Collaborations users& future studies<br />
Partnerships<br />
Fundraising<br />
Park gazettement<br />
World heritage site
www.fzs.org / anouskakinahan@fzs.org<br />
in Partnership<br />
with<br />
BALE<br />
MOUNTAINS<br />
NATIONAL PARK<br />
Acknowledgements<br />
Ethiopian Wildlife Conservation Agency<br />
Oromia Bureau of Agriculture and Development<br />
Thank You<br />
Robert Kelly UNDP Addis Ababa, Ethiopia<br />
Andrew Bell MAB UK<br />
British Embassy Bilateral Fund<br />
Farm Africa/SOS Sahel Ethiopia<br />
Photographs: Delphin Ruche<br />
www.balemountains.org
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