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Table 2. Production of Asbestos Sheet Gasketing and Asbestos Fiber Consumption 1985 Fiber Consumption (short tons) 1985 Production (sq. yd.) References Total 5,441.1 3,607,408.0 TSCA 1982, ICF l986a, ICF 1987 -4-
$20.5 million in 1985, based on an average price of $5.69 per square yard (ICF l986a). C. Trends Between 1981 and 1985, two manufacturers of compressed asbestos sheet gasketing, Jenkins Brothers (Bridgeport, CT) and Manville Sales Corporation (Manville, NJ and Waukegan, IL) discontinued their operations. During those four years, total production fell 44 percent from 6,472,879 square yards to 3,607,408 square yards (see Table 2). Currently, non-asbestos gaskets hold less than 50 percent of the gasket market, but as concerns about asbestos and its health effects grow, the use of asbestos in compressed sheet gaskets is expected to decline (ICF l986a). D. Substitutes Asbestos has been used in sheet gaskets because it is chemically inert, nearly indestructible and can be processed into fiber. Asbestos fibers partially adsorb the binder with which they are mixed during processing; they then intertwine within it and become the strengthening matrix of the product. Since the product contains as much as 80 percent asbestos fiber, manufacturers are also employing it as a filler. The balance of the product is the binder which holds the asbestos in the matrix (Kirk-Othmer 1981). A single substitute for asbestos is not available. Manufacturers have, therefore, been forced to replace the asbestos fiber with a combination of substitute materials. The formulations of the substitute products most often include a combination of more than one type of substitute fiber and more than one filler in order to reproduce the properties of asbestos necessary for that application. Formulation of substitute products is done on an application-by-application basis by each manufacturer (ICF 1986a). For the purposes of this analysis, the substitute products will be grouped into six -5
Page 1 and 2: XXVII. SHEET GASKETS A. Product Des
Page 3: Table 1. Fluid and Pressure Ranges
Page 7 and 8: Table 3. Substitutes for Asbestos S
Page 9 and 10: Aramid gaskets are usually composed
Page 11 and 12: esistance. A wire insert is often a
Page 13 and 14: 6. Ceramic Fiber Mixtures Ceramic f
Page 15 and 16: REFERENCES Carborundum. 1986. Produ
Page 17 and 18: Bulk Square braád Rolled (over cor
Page 19 and 20: Table 1. Standards of Asbestos Yarn
Page 21 and 22: A. ‘I’ A. ‘-I PRESSURE ~ Movi
Page 23 and 24: Table 2. Operating Conditions and U
Page 25 and 26: Table 3. Production of Asbestos Pac
Page 27 and 28: een forced to replace the asbestos
Page 29 and 30: Table 4. Estimated Market Share for
Page 31 and 32: useful temperature limit of approxi
Page 33 and 34: 6. Other Substitute Fibers Other fi
Page 35 and 36: Table 6. Data Inputs for Asbestos R
Page 37 and 38: TSCA Section 8(a) submission. 1982.
Page 39 and 40: a viscosity control for waterproofi
Page 41 and 42: Table 1. Production of Asbestos Roo
Page 43 and 44: or talc. The additives ease grindin
Page 45 and 46: Table 2. Manufacturers of Cellulose
Page 47 and 48: Cellulose bodied roof coatings and
Page 49 and 50: equivalent basis, they are favored
Page 51 and 52: compounds. These formulations have,
Page 53 and 54: . Other Roof Coatings and Cements O
Page 55 and 56:
Table 4. Data Inputs for Asbestos R
Page 57 and 58:
ATTACHMENT B PROJECTED PRICES ANALY
Page 59:
ICF Incorporated. 1986 (July-Decemb
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