Thermoelectric Properties of Fe0.2Co3.8Sb12-xTex ... - Physics
Thermoelectric Properties of Fe0.2Co3.8Sb12-xTex ... - Physics Thermoelectric Properties of Fe0.2Co3.8Sb12-xTex ... - Physics
Evidence of gradient in dynamics of confined polymers Sivasurender Chandran 1 , N. Begam 1 , J. K. Basu 1 and M. K. Mukhopadhyay 2 1 Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore – 560012 2 Applied Materials Science Division, Saha Institute of Nuclear Physics, Kolkata – 700064 Particle segregation to surface/interface, surface mobility of the particles, interfacial viscosity and thereby the gradient in the dynamics of polymer thin films is a matter of debate, which generated lot of controversies over the last few years. We report [1] the evidence of gradient in dynamics by probing the diffusion coefficient of polymer grafted nanoparticles (PGNP) dispersed in polymer thin films of different thickness viz., 2.5R g and 8R g of the matrix chains (R g is the radius of gyration). Using surface x-ray scattering, we observe a systematic vertical dispersion of PGNP from a pinned in substrate interface layer to the surface on thermal annealing. Even after annealing at high temperature (T>>T g ) and longer times, a fraction of PGNP pertain to stay at the substrate forming a stable interface layer. This hints about the low mobility of particles at the substrate interface and also emphasizes the presence of high viscous/gel-like interfacial layer. Real space microscopic images show the formation of lateral domains of the particles at air surface suggesting the higher surface mobility. In addition, it is also observed that the fraction of particles in the air surface is more in annealed thinner films compared to the thicker ones. Thus, we have correlated the observed lateral and vertical dispersion and its evolution with annealing, to the gradient in dynamics along the thickness of the thin films. [1] Sivasurender Chandran, J. K. Basu and M. K. Mukhopadhyay, in communication
Nuclear spin Abhishek Kumar Mechanobiology Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, NUS, Singapore 117411 and National Centre for Biological Sciences, TIFR, Bangalore 560065, India Ananyo Maitra* Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012 , India Madhuresh Sumit and G.V. Shivashankar Mechanobiology Institute and Department of Biological Sciences, NUS, Singapore 117411 Sriram Ramaswamy Department of Physics, Indian Institute of Science, Bangalore 560012 , India and TIFR Centre for Interdisciplinary Science, 21 Brundavan Colony, Osman Sagar Road, Narsingi, Hyderabad 500 075, India (Dated: November 15, 2012) We study the nuclear dynamics of single fibroblast cells, with effects of cell-migration suppressed by plating onto fibronectin-coated micro-fabricated patterns. It is observed that on circles, squares and equilateral triangles, the nucleus undergoes persistent rotational motion, while on high-aspectratio rectangles of the same area it moves only back and forth. We show that our observations can be understood through a hydrodynamic approach in which the nucleus is treated as a highly viscous inclusion residing in a less viscous fluid of orientable filaments endowed with active stresses. Lowering actin contractility selectively by introducing blebbistatin at low concentrations drastically reduced the speed and persistence time of the angular motion of the nucleus, lending credence to our ideas. Time-lapse imaging of actin also revealed a correlated hydrodynamic flow around the nucleus, with profile and magnitude consistent with the results of our theoretical approach. Coherent intracellular flows and consequent nuclear rotation thus appear to be a generic property that cells must balance by specific mechanisms in order to maintain nuclear homeostasis. Keywords:
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Nuclear spin<br />
Abhishek Kumar<br />
Mechanobiology Institute and Department <strong>of</strong> Biological Sciences, NUS, Singapore 117411 and<br />
National Centre for Biological Sciences, TIFR, Bangalore 560065, India<br />
Ananyo Maitra*<br />
Department <strong>of</strong> <strong>Physics</strong>, Indian Institute <strong>of</strong> Science, Bangalore 560012 , India<br />
Madhuresh Sumit and G.V. Shivashankar<br />
Mechanobiology Institute and Department <strong>of</strong> Biological Sciences, NUS, Singapore 117411<br />
Sriram Ramaswamy<br />
Department <strong>of</strong> <strong>Physics</strong>, Indian Institute <strong>of</strong> Science, Bangalore 560012 , India and<br />
TIFR Centre for Interdisciplinary Science, 21 Brundavan Colony,<br />
Osman Sagar Road, Narsingi, Hyderabad 500 075, India<br />
(Dated: November 15, 2012)<br />
We study the nuclear dynamics <strong>of</strong> single fibroblast cells, with effects <strong>of</strong> cell-migration suppressed<br />
by plating onto fibronectin-coated micro-fabricated patterns. It is observed that on circles, squares<br />
and equilateral triangles, the nucleus undergoes persistent rotational motion, while on high-aspectratio<br />
rectangles <strong>of</strong> the same area it moves only back and forth. We show that our observations<br />
can be understood through a hydrodynamic approach in which the nucleus is treated as a highly<br />
viscous inclusion residing in a less viscous fluid <strong>of</strong> orientable filaments endowed with active stresses.<br />
Lowering actin contractility selectively by introducing blebbistatin at low concentrations drastically<br />
reduced the speed and persistence time <strong>of</strong> the angular motion <strong>of</strong> the nucleus, lending credence to<br />
our ideas. Time-lapse imaging <strong>of</strong> actin also revealed a correlated hydrodynamic flow around the<br />
nucleus, with pr<strong>of</strong>ile and magnitude consistent with the results <strong>of</strong> our theoretical approach. Coherent<br />
intracellular flows and consequent nuclear rotation thus appear to be a generic property that cells<br />
must balance by specific mechanisms in order to maintain nuclear homeostasis.<br />
Keywords:
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