Design of a Hybrid 3He Polarizer: - University of Virginia
Design of a Hybrid 3He Polarizer: - University of Virginia
Design of a Hybrid 3He Polarizer: - University of Virginia
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<strong>Design</strong> <strong>of</strong> a <strong>Hybrid</strong> 3 He <strong>Polarizer</strong>:<br />
Measurement Techniques and Construction<br />
Karen Mooney<br />
<strong>University</strong> <strong>of</strong> <strong>Virginia</strong><br />
March 25, 2008
<strong>Polarizer</strong> Basics<br />
Mooney
New <strong>Polarizer</strong> Advancements<br />
Mooney<br />
More Gas<br />
• 3.0L/day Vs<br />
1.0L/day<br />
Higher Polarization<br />
•60% Vs 40%<br />
•Rb-K <strong>Hybrid</strong> Cell<br />
•Narrowed Diode Lasers<br />
Enhanced Diagnostics<br />
• AFP NMR w/ EPR<br />
calibration<br />
Vs<br />
Pulse NMR w/ Water<br />
calibration
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)<br />
Mooney<br />
•Polarized 3 He nuclei are aligned<br />
with an external magnetic field<br />
•He Nuclear Spins are “flipped” by<br />
applying a transverse RF Field<br />
•Faraday Induction signal detected in<br />
mutually perpendicular coils<br />
•Signal detected is proportional to 3 He<br />
polarization<br />
Holding<br />
Field<br />
H<br />
Helium<br />
Spin
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
Nuclear Magnetic Resonance (NMR)<br />
Mooney<br />
•Polarized 3 He nuclei are aligned<br />
with an external magnetic field<br />
•He Nuclear Spins are “flipped” by<br />
applying a transverse RF Field<br />
•Faraday Induction signal detected in<br />
mutually perpendicular coils<br />
•Signal detected is proportional to 3 He<br />
polarization<br />
RF<br />
Field<br />
H 1<br />
Holding<br />
Field<br />
H<br />
Helium<br />
Spin
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
Adiabatic Fast Passage<br />
Mooney<br />
RF<br />
Field<br />
H 1<br />
Holding<br />
Field<br />
H<br />
Helium<br />
Spin
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
Adiabatic Fast Passage<br />
Mooney<br />
RF<br />
Field<br />
H 1<br />
Holding<br />
Field<br />
H<br />
Helium<br />
Spin
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
AFP<br />
Mooney<br />
RF<br />
Field<br />
H 1<br />
Holding<br />
Field<br />
H<br />
Helium<br />
Spin
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
AFP<br />
Mooney<br />
RF<br />
Field<br />
H 1<br />
Holding<br />
Field<br />
H<br />
Helium<br />
Spin
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
AFP<br />
Mooney<br />
RF<br />
Field<br />
H 1<br />
Holding<br />
Field<br />
H<br />
Helium<br />
Spin
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
AFP<br />
Mooney<br />
RF<br />
Field<br />
H 1<br />
Holding<br />
Field<br />
H<br />
Helium<br />
Spin
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
AFP<br />
Mooney<br />
RF<br />
Field<br />
H 1<br />
Holding<br />
Field<br />
H<br />
Helium<br />
Spin
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
AFP<br />
Mooney<br />
Helium<br />
Spin<br />
RF<br />
Field<br />
H 1<br />
Holding<br />
Field<br />
H
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
AFP<br />
Mooney<br />
RF<br />
Field<br />
H 1<br />
Holding<br />
Field<br />
H<br />
Helium<br />
Spin
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
AFP<br />
Mooney<br />
RF<br />
Field<br />
H 1<br />
Holding<br />
Field<br />
H<br />
Helium<br />
Spin
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
AFP<br />
Mooney<br />
RF<br />
Field<br />
H 1<br />
Holding<br />
Field<br />
H<br />
Helium<br />
Spin
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
AFP<br />
Mooney<br />
RF<br />
Field<br />
H 1<br />
Holding<br />
Field<br />
H<br />
Helium<br />
Spin
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
AFP<br />
Mooney<br />
RF<br />
Field<br />
H 1<br />
Holding<br />
Field<br />
H<br />
Helium<br />
Spin
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
AFP<br />
Mooney<br />
RF<br />
Field<br />
H 1<br />
Holding<br />
Field<br />
H<br />
Helium<br />
Spin
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
AFP<br />
Mooney<br />
Adiabatic- Field is swept slowly so that the<br />
spin can follow it<br />
Fast- The Field is swept quickly enough so<br />
that the spins do not relax in the low field<br />
region.<br />
Holding<br />
Field<br />
H<br />
Helium<br />
Spin
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
AFP Schematic<br />
Mooney<br />
-Holding Field (H)<br />
-RF Field H 1<br />
(ω)<br />
- - Pick Up Coils<br />
-EPR Coil<br />
x z<br />
y<br />
EPR Photo Diode
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
AFP Schematic<br />
Mooney<br />
-Holding Field (H)<br />
-RF Field H 1<br />
(ω)<br />
- - Pick Up Coils<br />
-EPR Coil<br />
x z<br />
y<br />
EPR Photo Diode
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
AFP Schematic<br />
Mooney<br />
-Holding Field (H)<br />
-RF Field H 1<br />
(ω)<br />
- - Pick Up Coils<br />
-EPR Coil<br />
x z<br />
y<br />
EPR Photo Diode
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
AFP Signal<br />
Mooney<br />
Lock-In Signal<br />
A “Spin Up” Fit<br />
Sample NMR Signal<br />
Sample Spin Up Taken 01/2008
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
Electron Paramagnetic Resonance<br />
Mooney
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
EPR- Measuring Frequency Shift<br />
Mooney
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
EPR- Measuring Frequency Shift<br />
Mooney
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
EPR- Measuring Frequency Shift<br />
Mooney
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
EPR- Monitoring Frequency<br />
Mooney
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
EPR- Reversing 3 He Polarization<br />
Mooney<br />
RF<br />
Field<br />
H 1<br />
Holding<br />
Field<br />
H<br />
Helium<br />
Spin
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
EPR Schematic<br />
Mooney<br />
-Holding Field (H)<br />
-RF Field H 1<br />
(ω)<br />
- - Pick Up Coils<br />
-EPR Coil<br />
x z<br />
y<br />
EPR Photo Diode
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
EPR Schematic<br />
Mooney<br />
-Holding Field (H)<br />
-RF Field H 1<br />
(ω)<br />
- - Pick Up Coils<br />
-EPR Coil<br />
x z<br />
y<br />
EPR Photo Diode
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
Mooney<br />
Main Optical Pumping Oven
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
Mooney<br />
Main Optical Pumping Oven
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
Mooney<br />
Main Optical Pumping Oven
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
Mooney<br />
Main Optical Pumping Oven
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
Mooney<br />
Main Optical Pumping Oven
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
Calculating Polarization<br />
Mooney<br />
Calibration Procedure<br />
•Take NMR<br />
•Do EPR<br />
•Take NMR<br />
•Calculate P He<br />
•Average NMR Signals<br />
•Get %/mV Calibration
Measuring<br />
Polarization<br />
Calibrated Data<br />
Mooney<br />
•Calibration usually performed once per cell installation<br />
•Changes with cell movement, coil movement, gain adjustments, etc.<br />
•Recommended every few months for new <strong>Hybrid</strong> <strong>Polarizer</strong>.
Construction<br />
Initial Proposal: 07/07<br />
Mooney
Construction<br />
Initial Proposal: 07/07<br />
Mooney
Construction<br />
Initial Proposal: 07/07<br />
Mooney
Construction<br />
Initial Proposal: 07/07<br />
Mooney
Construction<br />
Initial Proposal: 07/07<br />
Mooney
Construction<br />
Cart Constructed: 12/07<br />
Mooney
Construction<br />
Mooney<br />
Laser Comparison: 11/07<br />
FAP<br />
COMET
Construction<br />
Lower Gas System: 02/08<br />
Mooney<br />
Lasers
Construction<br />
Lower Gas System: 02/08<br />
Mooney<br />
Lasers
Construction<br />
Lower Gas System: 02/08<br />
Mooney<br />
Lasers<br />
Reduces<br />
Pressure<br />
from 3000 psi<br />
to 150 psi
Construction<br />
Lower Gas System: 02/08<br />
Mooney<br />
Lasers
Construction<br />
Lower Gas System: 02/08<br />
Mooney<br />
Lasers
Construction<br />
Lower Gas System: 02/08<br />
Mooney<br />
Lasers
Construction<br />
Lower Gas System: 03/08<br />
Mooney
Construction<br />
Upper Gas System: 02/08<br />
Mooney<br />
Laser<br />
3<br />
He fill N 2 / Vacuum
Construction<br />
Upper Gas System: 02/08<br />
Mooney<br />
Laser<br />
3<br />
He fill N 2 / Vacuum
Construction<br />
Upper Gas System: 02/08<br />
Mooney<br />
Laser<br />
3<br />
He fill N 2 / Vacuum
Construction<br />
Upper Gas System: 02/08<br />
Mooney<br />
Laser<br />
To Bag<br />
3<br />
He fill N 2 / Vacuum
Implementation<br />
Operational Target: 04/2008<br />
Mooney
Mooney<br />
Acknowledgements<br />
Gordon Cates<br />
Peter Dolph<br />
Wilson Miller<br />
Vladimir Nelyubin<br />
Scott Rohrbaugh<br />
Jaideep Singh<br />
Al Tobias
Polarizing<br />
Spin Exchange Optical Pumping (SEOP)<br />
Mooney<br />
Collisional Mixing<br />
Rb<br />
3 He<br />
5P1<br />
2<br />
m J =− 1 2<br />
m J = + 1 2<br />
Nonradiative<br />
Quenching<br />
D 1 Light<br />
σ +<br />
N<br />
N<br />
3 He Rb<br />
5S1<br />
2<br />
m J =− 1 2<br />
m J = + 1 2<br />
Spin Exchange diagram Source: Singh, 2004<br />
Spin Relaxation<br />
Rubidium energy level diagram which details optical pumping. Source: Singh, 2004
Simone- Previous Performance<br />
Mooney<br />
Cell Performance<br />
Maximum Polarization<br />
60%<br />
55%<br />
50%<br />
45%<br />
40%<br />
Al<br />
Anna<br />
Barbara<br />
Dolly<br />
Edna<br />
Eva<br />
Gloria<br />
Simone<br />
35%<br />
30%<br />
0 2 4 6 8 10 12 14 16 18 20<br />
Predicted [K]/[Rb]
EPR<br />
Finding the Transition Frequency<br />
Mooney
AFP<br />
NMR Electronic Block Diagram<br />
Mooney<br />
(Oven Control)<br />
control<br />
control<br />
control<br />
LabVIew Computer<br />
DAQ<br />
DAQ<br />
DAQ<br />
(Oven Temp)<br />
in<br />
kHz FG<br />
out<br />
sync<br />
in<br />
kHz Amplifier<br />
out<br />
in<br />
Tuned RF Coils<br />
in<br />
Amp/Phase<br />
out<br />
in<br />
in<br />
Oscilloscope<br />
Pickup Coils<br />
out<br />
in<br />
Pre Amp<br />
out<br />
in<br />
in<br />
ref<br />
Lockin Amp<br />
out<br />
in<br />
Holding FG<br />
out<br />
in<br />
DC Power Supply<br />
out<br />
SHUNT<br />
in<br />
Holding Field Coils<br />
in<br />
Multimeter<br />
out
EPR<br />
EPR Electronic Block Diagram<br />
Mooney<br />
control<br />
control<br />
LabVIew Computer<br />
DAQ<br />
DAQ<br />
DAQ<br />
in<br />
Mod in<br />
EPR FG (MHz)<br />
out<br />
sync<br />
in<br />
MHz Amplifier<br />
out<br />
in<br />
EPR Coils<br />
in<br />
Universal Counter<br />
out<br />
Photo Diode<br />
out<br />
in<br />
ref<br />
Lockin Amp<br />
out<br />
in<br />
Mod in<br />
Feedback Chassis<br />
out<br />
in<br />
Modulation FG<br />
HI out<br />
Lo out<br />
in<br />
Oscilloscope (same as NMR)
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