量子電腦 - 中研院物理研究所

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Entanglement and classicality Bell (1964) and Aspect (1982): Entanglement can be used to show that no “locally realistic” (that is, classical) theory of the world is possible. Further reading: Asher Peres, “Quantum theory: concepts and methods”, Kluwer (1993).
是什麼使得量子電腦效力強大 (what makes quantum computer powerful)? • Exponentiality( 指數性質 ): computational ti state t space is n exponential in the physical size of the system (2 ). • Quantum parallelism( 量子平行性 ): by using superposition of quantum states, the computer is executing the algorithm on all possible inputs at once. e.g., ψ = ( 00 + 01 + 10 + 11 ) / 2. • Complex amplitudes or Interference( 複數振幅或干涉 ) • Quantum entanglement (composite systems) 量子糾纏 1 1 Separable: 0 0 + 0 1 = 0 ⊗ 0 + 2 2 1 Entangled : ( 0 1 − 1 0 ) ≠ ψ ⊗ φ A B A B A B 2 • More… ( ) ( 1 ) A B A B A B B
Page 1 and 2: 量子電腦與量子資訊
Page 3 and 4: 早期的電腦 1951 “UNIVAC
Page 5 and 6: 從晶片到電晶體晶圓
Page 7 and 8: 從晶片到電晶體晶圓
Page 9 and 10: 近代的電腦硬碟積體
Page 11 and 12: 晶片中電晶體的數目
Page 13 and 14: By JOHN MARKOFF Published: February
Page 15 and 16: 英特爾以色列研發新
Page 17 and 18: 摩爾定律的影響和限
Page 19 and 20: 愛因斯坦 (Albert Einstein)
Page 21 and 22: 主量子數 n ∞ 6 5 -0.85eV 4
Page 23 and 24: 量子革命 (Quantum revolution
Page 25 and 26: 量子資訊科技 Quantum inf
Page 27 and 28: Complexity( 複雜度 ) N= (# bit
Page 29 and 30: 量子演算法與運算加
Page 31 and 32: 量子位元的物理表象
Page 33 and 34: 量子測量 (quantum measuremen
Page 35 and 36: 雙狹縫實驗 (Double-slit ex
Page 37 and 38: 楊氏雙狹縫實驗 (Double
Page 39 and 40: 楊氏雙狹縫實驗 (Double
Page 41 and 42: Pauli Dirac: The photon (electron)
Page 43 and 44: Decoherence I: Which-pathway pre-se
Page 45 and 46: 雙狹縫干涉光子 or 粒
Page 47 and 48: An example in Classical Physics x k
Page 49: Alice Entanglement Bob ψ ψ = 00 +
Page 53 and 54: Coherence, constant phase differenc
Page 55 and 56: Recoherence, by a little control
Page 57 and 58: Superposition and entanglement •
Page 59 and 60: Requirements for physical implement
Page 61 and 62: Ion Traps ( 離子阱 ) • Ions
Page 63 and 64: Circuit QED • 1D trasmission line
Page 65 and 66: 矽半導體的自旋量子
Page 67 and 68: 矽半導體中的磷施主
Page 69 and 70: Top-down approach for few qubit dev
Page 71 and 72: 光學量子電腦實驗室
Page 73 and 74: 量子電腦周二在加誕
Page 75 and 76: 加拿大公司展示量子
Page 77 and 78: COMPUTER OF TOMORROW? D-Wave System
Page 79 and 80: 加拿大滑鐵盧大學量
Page 81 and 82: EPR pair and entanglement Alice x y
Page 83 and 84: Entanglement is in the air…
Page 85 and 86: Teleportation Alice Bob entangled p
Page 87 and 88: Quantum Teleportation Transmit an u
Page 89 and 90: 量子密碼學 Quantum Cryptog
Page 91 and 92: Quantum Key Distribution over 67 km
Page 93 and 94: Quantum random number generators
Page 95 and 96: 23.4km Qinetiq-MPQ joint free space
Page 97 and 98: The Future of QKD( 量子金鑰
Page 99 and 100: Quantum Interferometric Optical Lit

量子電腦 - 中研院物理研究所

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