量子電腦 - 中研院物理研究所

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什麼是量子位元 (quantum bit)? • Classical bit: 0 or 1; 電晶體電壓的高或低 • Quantum bit (qubit): QM two-state system 量子力學的兩種狀態的系統 • 一個量子位元有兩種可能的狀態 0 or 1 • 一個量子位元狀態可以處在的線性疊加態 ψ = α 0 + β 1 0 and 1 2 2 α 和 β 可以是複數 (complex numbers) 並且 α + β = 1 • 兩個量子位元的狀態可以處在此線性疊加態 ψ = C 0 00 + C1 01 + C2 10 + C3 11 且 ∑ C j = 1 3 j= 0 2 • 封閉的量子系統隨時間的演化是 Unitary: ψ ' = U ψ
量子位元的物理表象 Quantum Bits
Page 1 and 2: 量子電腦與量子資訊
Page 3 and 4: 早期的電腦 1951 “UNIVAC
Page 5 and 6: 從晶片到電晶體晶圓
Page 7 and 8: 從晶片到電晶體晶圓
Page 9 and 10: 近代的電腦硬碟積體
Page 11 and 12: 晶片中電晶體的數目
Page 13 and 14: By JOHN MARKOFF Published: February
Page 15 and 16: 英特爾以色列研發新
Page 17 and 18: 摩爾定律的影響和限
Page 19 and 20: 愛因斯坦 (Albert Einstein)
Page 21 and 22: 主量子數 n ∞ 6 5 -0.85eV 4
Page 23 and 24: 量子革命 (Quantum revolution
Page 25 and 26: 量子資訊科技 Quantum inf
Page 27 and 28: Complexity( 複雜度 ) N= (# bit
Page 29: 量子演算法與運算加
Page 33 and 34: 量子測量 (quantum measuremen
Page 35 and 36: 雙狹縫實驗 (Double-slit ex
Page 37 and 38: 楊氏雙狹縫實驗 (Double
Page 39 and 40: 楊氏雙狹縫實驗 (Double
Page 41 and 42: Pauli Dirac: The photon (electron)
Page 43 and 44: Decoherence I: Which-pathway pre-se
Page 45 and 46: 雙狹縫干涉光子 or 粒
Page 47 and 48: An example in Classical Physics x k
Page 49 and 50: Alice Entanglement Bob ψ ψ = 00 +
Page 51 and 52: 是什麼使得量子電腦
Page 53 and 54: Coherence, constant phase differenc
Page 55 and 56: Recoherence, by a little control
Page 57 and 58: Superposition and entanglement •
Page 59 and 60: Requirements for physical implement
Page 61 and 62: Ion Traps ( 離子阱 ) • Ions
Page 63 and 64: Circuit QED • 1D trasmission line
Page 65 and 66: 矽半導體的自旋量子
Page 67 and 68: 矽半導體中的磷施主
Page 69 and 70: Top-down approach for few qubit dev
Page 71 and 72: 光學量子電腦實驗室
Page 73 and 74: 量子電腦周二在加誕
Page 75 and 76: 加拿大公司展示量子
Page 77 and 78: COMPUTER OF TOMORROW? D-Wave System
Page 79 and 80: 加拿大滑鐵盧大學量
Page 81 and 82:
EPR pair and entanglement Alice x y
Page 83 and 84:
Entanglement is in the air…
Page 85 and 86:
Teleportation Alice Bob entangled p
Page 87 and 88:
Quantum Teleportation Transmit an u
Page 89 and 90:
量子密碼學 Quantum Cryptog
Page 91 and 92:
Quantum Key Distribution over 67 km
Page 93 and 94:
Quantum random number generators
Page 95 and 96:
23.4km Qinetiq-MPQ joint free space
Page 97 and 98:
The Future of QKD( 量子金鑰
Page 99 and 100:
Quantum Interferometric Optical Lit
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量子電腦 - 中研院物理研究所

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