stanley l. hem - Purdue College of Pharmacy - Purdue University

STANLEY L. HEM
Born 10-5-39 in New York, New York. Married to Janet Clark, 8-3-63. A son, Lawrence Eilif, born
11-7-67 and a daughter, Kristin Jana, born 7-14-75.
B.S. in Pharmacy with high honors, Rutgers University, 1961; Ph.D. in Physical Pharmacy, University of
Connecticut, 1965
Pharmacist, Medical Pharmacy, Willimantic, Connecticut, part time, 1-63 to 1-64.
Pharmacist, University Pharmacy, Storrs, Connecticut, part time, 1-64 to 11-65.
1965-1969, Senior Research Pharmacist, Pharmacy Research and Development, Wyeth Laboratories.
Responsible for development of liquid antibiotic dosage forms and investigation of antacid properties of
aluminum hydroxide gels.
1969-71, Assistant Professor of Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University.
1971-76, Associate Professor of Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University.
1976-date, Professor of Physical Pharmacy, Purdue University.
1980-85, Assistant Dean for Chemical Sciences, Graduate School, Purdue University.
1984-85, Special Assistant to Vice President for Research, Purdue University.
1985-86, Associate Dean, Graduate School, Purdue University.
1985-2000, Member, General Committee of Revision, The United States Pharmacopeial Convention, Inc;
Chair, Chemistry I Subcommittee, 1995-2000.
1986-95, Assistant Vice President for Research, Purdue University.
Awards
Dean Little Award, College of Pharmacy, Rutgers - The State University, 1961.
Award to a senior in the College of Pharmacy based on outstanding leadership and academic performance.
Outstanding research publication contributing to the advancement of Industrial Pharmacy to appear in the
Journal of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1970. Awarded by the Pharmaceutical Discussion Group.
Henry Heine Award for Excellence in Teaching, School of Pharmacy and Pharmacal Sciences, Purdue
University, 1970, 1987, 1995, 2002, 2006.
Directed research of Robert E. Lindsay who received Lunsford Richardson Undergraduate Research Award,
1971.
Major professor of Jean M. Blaha, recipient of Dean Jenkins Research Achievement Award, Purdue
University, 1974.
Lederle Pharmacy Faculty Award, Purdue University, 1975.
Fellow, APhA Academy of Pharmaceutical Sciences, 1977.
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Major professor of Linda S. Porubcan, Sigma Xi Research Award in Physical Sciences, Purdue University,
1978.
University of Connecticut Centennial Colloquium Series, 1980.
Fellow, American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, 1986.
Research Achievement Award in Pharmaceutical Technology, American Association of Pharmaceutical
Scientists, 1991.
Centennial Pharmaceutics Conference, Rutgers University, 1992.
President, Purdue Chapter of Sigma Xi, 1992-93.
Major professor of Garry L. Morefield, recipient of Jenkins/Knevel Research Achievement Award, Purdue
University, 2003.
Distinguished Alumnus, School of Pharmacy, University of Connecticut, 2004.
Purdue University Outstanding Undergraduate Teaching Award, 2005.
Consulting
Commercial Solvents Corp., Veterinary Product Division, Terre Haute, IN, 9-73 to 12-74.
Barcroft Company, Lewes, DE, 2-75 to 1-79 and 1-84 to 5-98.
William H. Rorer (Canada) Ltd., Toronto, Canada, 6-77 to 6-79.
William H. Rorer, Inc., Fort Washington, PA, 5-78 to 5-98.
Lafayette Pharmacal, Inc., Lafayette, IN, 11-78 to 1-79; 1-81 to 12-89; 1-92 to 9-93.
Institute Armand-Frappier, Montreal, Canada, 4-79 to 6-79.
Course Director, “Emulsion-Suspension Technology,” The Center for Professional Advancement, East
Brunswick, NJ, 8-79 to date.
Eli Lilly and Co., Agricultural Product Division, Greenfield, IN, 9-79 to 9-81.
Chattem, Inc., Consumer Products Division, Chattanooga, TN, 3-80 to 3-81.
Crompton & Knowles, Fair Lawn, NJ, 5-83 to 6-85.
Presto Products, Inc., Appleton, WI, 2-84 to 10-86.
Procter & Gamble, Cincinnati, OH, 7-85 to 6-86.
Smith Kline & French Laboratories, King of Prussia, PA, 9-88 to 11-88.
E.R. Squibb & Sons, Inc., New Brunswick, NJ, 12-88 to 12-89.
The Upjohn Company, Kalamazoo, MI, 1-90 to 12-90.
Bristol Myers, Evansville, IN, 1-90 to 12-90.
Eli Lilly & Company, Indianapolis, IN, 10-89 to 12-90; 7-93 to 6-94.
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American Cyanamid Company, Agricultural Research Division, Princeton, N.J., 1-90 to 1-92.
Merck Sharp & Dohme Research Laboratories, West Point, PA, 9-9l to date.
Cabot Corporation, Tuscola, IL, 9-92 to 9-93.
Alcon Laboratories, Fort Worth, TX, 1-93 to 6-96 and 1-98 to 1-99.
Colorcon, West Point, PA, 1-93 to 1-95.
Johnson & Johnson Consumer Products, Inc., Skillman, NJ, 1-93 to 1-94.
Warner-Lambert Company, Morris Plains, NJ, 10-93 to 10-94.
Pfizer, Inc., Groton, CT, 12-94 to 11-95.
E-Z-EM, Inc. Westbury, NY, 1-95 to 7-02.
Schering-Plough, Memphis, TN, 12-95 to 12-98.
Hoesch-Roussel, Somerville, NJ, 10-95 to 10-96.
Abbott Laboratories, North Chicago, IL, 10-95 to 12-96 and 8-99 to 8-00.
Wyeth-Ayerst Laboratories, Radnor, PA, 1-98 to 1-00.
J & J – Merck Consumer Pharmaceutical Co., Fort Washington, PA, 6-99 to date.
Perrigo Company, Allegan, MI, 2-00 to date.
Allergan, Irvine, CA, 12-00 to 12-01.
University Committees *
University Senate, Purdue University, 1979-82 and 1996-02.
Chair, 1998-00.
Vice-Chair, 1997-98.
Educational Policy Committee, Chair, 1981-82.
Calendar Committee, 1980.
Graduate Council, Purdue University, 1977-87.
Chemical Sciences Area Committee, Chair, 1977-86.
Committee on the Use of Human Subjects in Research, Purdue University, Chair, 1982-88, 1993-94.
Patents and Copyrights Policy Committee, Purdue University, 1980-85.
Committee of the Care and Use of Laboratory Animals, Purdue University, 1985-88.
Convo Advisory Committee, 1990-93.
Search Committee, Dean of the Graduate School and Vice-President for Research, 1980.
Selection of the President Committee, Purdue University, 1981-82 and 1999-2000.
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Interdisciplinary Graduate Education, 1991-92.
Curriculum Committee, School of Pharmacy, 1970-76 and 1995-97.
Pharm.D. Admissions and Standards Committee, School of Pharmacy 1976-90.
Minority Advocacy Committee, School of Pharmacy, 1989-93 and 1995 to 98.
Advisor, Student National Pharmaceutical Association, 1989-93.
Advisor, Student American Pharmaceutical Association, 1971-75.
Advisor, Rho Chi Pharmacy Honor Society, 2003-to date.
University Senate Presidential Search Committee, 2006-2007.
Professional Society Committees
Policy Committee on Professional Affairs, American Pharmaceutical Association, 1976-78.
Reference Committee on Professional Affairs, APhA, 1977.
Policy Committee on Public Affairs, APhA, 1978-81.
Vice-Chairman, 1979-80, Chair, 1980-81.
Reference Committee on Public Affairs, APhA, 1979-80.
Publication Committee, American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, Chair, 1989-90, 1993-95.
Chair, Pharmaceutical Technology Section, American Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, 1993.
Book Chapters
S.L. Hem, “The Effect of Formulation Additives on Drug Bioavailability from Oral Solutions and
Suspensions” in Current Concepts in the Pharmaceutical Sciences: Dosage Form Design and
Bioavailability, edited by J. Swarbrick, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, 1973.
S.L. Hem and R.G. Stoll, “Appraisal of Drug Product Quality and Performance” in Modern Pharmaceutics,
edited by G.S. Banker and C.T. Rhodes, Marcel Dekker, New York, 1979, 1990.
S.L. Nail and S.L. Hem, “Physical Chemical Principles” in Pharmaceutics & Pharmacy Practice, edited by
G.S. Banker and R.K. Chalmers, Lippincott, Philadelphia, 1982.
S.L. Hem, J.R. Feldkamp and J.L. White, “Basic Chemical Principles Related to Emulsion and Suspension
Dosage Forms” in The Theory and Practice of Industrial Pharmacy, 3 rd Ed., edited by L. Lachman, H.A.
Lieberman and J.L. Kanig, Lea & Febiger, Philadelphia, 1986.
S.L. Hem and J.L. White, “Pharmaceutical Uses of Aluminum” in Aluminum and Health A Critical Review,
edited by H.J. Gitelman, Dekker, New York, 1988.
S.L. Hem and J. L. White, “Structure and Properties of Aluminum-Containing Adjuvants,” in Vaccine
Design, edited by M.F. Powell and M.J. Newman, Plenum, New York, 1995.
F.R. Vogel and S.L. Hem, “Immunologic Adjuvants,” in Vaccines, 4 th ed., edited by S.A. Plotkin
and W.A. Orenstein, W.B. Saunders, Philadelphia, 2003.
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Patents
S.L. Hem and J.L. White, “Aluminum Hydroxy Carbonates Nucleated with Silicate Anion,” U.S. Patent
3,911,090, 10-7-75.
S.L. Hem and J.L. White, “Stable Dried Aluminum Hydroxide Gel,” U.S. Patent 4,059,681, 11-22-77.
S.L. Hem and J.L. White, “Process and Compositions of Stable Dried Aluminum Hydroxide Gel,” U.S.
Patent 4,242,328, 12-30-80.
S.L. Hem and J.L. White, “Method and Composition for Treatment of Hyperphosphatemia,” U.S. Patent
4,970,079, 11-13-90.
Symposium
S.L. Hem, “Basic Technology of Alumina Gels,” Eastern Regional Meeting, Academy of Pharmaceutical
Sciences, New York, NY, October 3, 1969.
S.L. Hem and J.L. White, “Predictive Testing in the Production of Aluminum Hydroxide Gel,” Academy of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, San Francisco, CA, April 23, 1975.
S.L. Hem and J.L. White, “Aluminum Hydroxide Gel Revisited,” Midwest Regional Meeting, Academy of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Chicago, IL, May 21, 1979.
J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Characterization of Hydrophilic Colloidal Solid Surfaces,” Academy of
Pharmaceutical Sciences, Washington, DC, April 1980.
J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Clay-Drug Interactions and Bioavailability,” John W. Jordan Symposium of
Organo-Clays, The Clay Mineral Society, Waco, TX, October 6, 1980.
S.L. Hem, “Relationship of the Structure of Inorganic Pharmaceuticals to Their Physical Properties,
Chemical Stability and Bioavailability,” University of Connecticut Centennial
Colloquium Series, Storrs, CT, September 19, 1980.
D.L. Teagarden, J.F. Kozlowski, J.F. Radavich. J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Structure and Properties of
Aluminum Hydroxy-Chloride,” International Committee for the Study of Bauxites, Alumina and Aluminum,
Tihany, Hungary, October 9, 1981.
S.L. Hem and J.L. White, “Conversion of Aluminum Chlorohydrate to Aluminum Hydroxide,” Annual
Scientific Meeting, Society of Cosmetic Chemists, New York, NY, December 11, 1981.
J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Pharmaceutical Aspects of Clay-Organic Interactions,” Colloidal Particles:
Colloidal Properties of Clays, American Chemical Society, Las Vegas, NV, March 29, 1982.
J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Effect of Surface Charge on the Physical Properties of Suspensions,” Philadelphia
Pharmaceutical Discussion Group, Philadelphia, PA, October 21, 1982.
J.R. Feldkamp, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “New Techniques for Studying Particle Interactions,” Annual
Scientific Seminar, Society of Cosmetic Chemists, Cincinnati, OH, May 6, 1983.
S.L. Hem and J.L. White, “Optimizing the Adjuvant Action of Aluminum Hydroxide in Parenteral
Vaccines,” Parenteral Drug Association, Philadelphia, PA, October 12, 1983.
J.R. Feldkamp, P.-P. Wu, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Detection of the Onset of Gelation of Colloidal Systems
Using Laser Light Scattering,” 58 th Colloid and Surface Science Symposium, American Chemical Society,
Pittsburgh, PA, June 10, 1984.
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J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “The Science/Industry Interface in Clay Mineralogy: Aluminum Hydroxide -A
Case History,” Symposium on Clay Minerals in Agriculture, Industry and Environment, Calgary, Canada,
August 23, 1984.
S.L. Hem, “Applications of Fiber Optic Doppler Anemometry,” Characterization of Submicrometre
Dispersions, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, IL, September 24, 1984.
S.L. Hem and J.L. White, “Effect of Particle Interactions on the Physical Properties of Suspensions,” 1985
Seminar, Society of Cosmetic Chemists, St. Louis, MO, May 9, 1985.
S.L. Hem and J.L. White, “Phosphate Binding Gels: Balancing Phosphate Adsorption and Aluminum
Toxicity,” Health as Related to Calcium, Magnesium and Aluminum, Indiana University School of
Medicine, Indianapolis, IN, September 12, 1985.
S.L. Hem, “Particle Interactions in Suspensions and Their Effect on Physical Properties,” Canadian
Proprietary Drug Association, Montreal, Canada, October 10, 1985.
S.L. Hem, “Particle Interactions and Their Effect on Stability of Disperse Systems,” Arden House
Conference, Harriman, NY, February 8-13, 1987.
S.L. Hem, “Controlling Particle Interactions in Suspensions,” Philadelphia Pharmaceutical Forum,
Philadelphia, PA, November 10, 1988.
J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Influence of Carbonate on Formation and Properties of Amorphous Aluminum
Hydroxide,” Soil Science Society of America, Las Vegas, NV, October 16, 1989.
S.L. Hem, “Controlling Particle Interactions in Suspensions,” Midwest Regional Meeting, AAPS, Chicago,
IL, May 14, 1990.
S.L. Hem and J.L. White, “Criteria for Selecting Aluminum-Based Adjuvants for Recombinant DNA
Derived Vaccines,” American Chemical Society, Washington, DC, August 26, 1990.
S.L. Hem and J.L. White, “Use of Aluminum Compounds in Vaccines,” Parenteral Drug Association,
Chicago, IL, June 7, 1991.
S.L. Hem, “Aluminum Based Adjuvants for Recombinant DNA Derived Vaccines,” Indianapolis/Cincinnati
Discussion Group, Indianapolis, IN, October 14, 1992.
S.L. Hem, “Optimizing Adsorption of Antigens by Aluminum-Containing Adjuvants,” Centennial
Pharmaceutics Conference, Rutgers University, New Brunswick, NJ, October 30, 1992.
S.L. Hem, “Antacid Suspension Technology,” Johnson & Johnson’s Annual Symposium on Drug Delivery
Technology, New Brunswick, NJ November 9, 1992.
S.L. Hem, “Overview of Suspensions: Factors to be Considered in the Scale-Up of Suspensions,”
AAPS/FDA/USP Workshop in the Scale-Up of Liquid and Semisolid Disperse Systems, Washington, DC,
May 24, 1993.
S.L. Hem, “Physical Instability in Disperse Systems,” 36 th Annual International Pharmaceutical Research
Conference, Merrimac, WI, June 8, 1994.
S.L. Hem, “Interfaces and Interfacial Properties,” 37 th
Conference, Merrimac, WI, June 6, 1995.
Annual International Pharmaceutical Research
S.L. Hem, “Surface Charge Effects on Product Quality and Performance,” American Association of
Pharmaceutical Scientists, Miami, November 8, 1995.
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S.L. Hem, “Formulation of Sterile Dispersed Systems,” Arden House Conference, Harriman, NY, January
23, 1996 and Cambridge, England, March 5, 1996.
S.L. Hem, “Formulation of Sterile Dispersed Systems,” Arden House Conference, January 21-26, 1996
Harriman, NY and March 10-15, 1995, Cambridge.
S.L. Hem, “Surface Charge and Surface Acidity: Application to Suspensions and Emulsions,” Formulations
Forum ’97, Association of Formulation Chemists, Las Vegas, NV, September 4, 1997.
S.L. Hem, “Absorption and Elimination of Aluminum-Containing Adjuvants,” Workshop on Aluminum in
Vaccines, Centers for Disease Control, San Juan, Puerto Rico, May 11, 2000.
S.L. Hem, “Using Aluminum Adjuvants Effectively,” Immunopotentiators in Modern Vaccines, Prague, May
14-16, 2002.
S.L. Hem, “Optimizing the Use of Aluminum-Containing Adjuvants,” American Association of
Pharmaceutical Scientists, Baltimore, MD, November 11, 2004.
S.L. Hem, “Current Challenges in the Development of Stable Pharmaceutical Suspensions,” American
Association of Pharmaceutical Scientists, Nashville, TN, November 9, 2005.
S.L. Hem, “Aluminum-Containing Adjuvants: Properties, Formulation and Use”, World Health Organization
Workshop on Formulation and Evaluation of Adjuvants in Vaccines, Cambridge, UK, December 4-8, 2005.
Graduate Education and Research
Major professor for 32 Ph.D. students and 4 M.S. students.
Publications
1. S.L. Hem, D.M. Skauen and H.M. Beal, “Mechanisms of Crystallization by Ultrasonic Irradiation,” J.
Pharm. Sci., 56, 229-233 (1967).
2. S.L. Hem, “The Effect of Ultrasonic Vibrations on Crystallization Processes,” Ultrasonics, 5, 202-207
(1967).
3. S.L. Hem, E.J. Russo, S.M. Bahal and R S. Levi, “Effect of pH of Precipitation on Antacid Properties of
Hydrous Aluminum Oxide,” J. Pharm. Sci., 59, 317-321 (1970). Received Annual Award of
Pharmaceutical Research Discussion Group as “Outstanding Publication Contributing to the
Advancement of Industrial Pharmacy” which appeared in the Journal of Pharmaceutical Science during
the year 1970.
4. S.L. Hem, E.J. Russo, R.J. Harwood, B.H. Tejani, S.M. Bahal and R.S. Levi, “Kinetics of Hydrous
Aluminum Oxide Conversion in Mixtures of Amorphous Alumina Gels of Various Acid Reactivities,”
J. Pharm. Sci., 59, 376-379 (1970).
5. R.E. Lindsay and S.L. Hem, “Effect of Ionic Strength on Chemical Stability of Potassium Penicillin G,”
J. Pharm. Sci., 61, 202-206 (1972). Received Lunsford-Richardson Undergraduate Research Award.
6. S.L. Hem, E.J. Russo, S.M. Bahal and R.S. Levi, “Kinetic Analysis of Complex Formation Between
Penicillin and Sucrose,” J. Pharm. Sci., 62, 267-270 (1973).
7. P.E. Manni, R.A. Lipper, J.M. Blaha, and S.L. Hem, “Analysis of Potassium Penicillin G and Its
Degradation Products by Thin-Layer Chromatography,” J. Chromatogr., 76, 512-515 (1973).
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8. P.E. Manni, M.F. Bourgeois, R.A. Lipper, J.M. Blaha and S.L. Hem, “Quantitative Determination of
Potassium Penicillin G by Thin-Layer Spectrodensitometry,” J. Chromatogr., 85, 177-180 (1973).
9. R.H. Green and S.L. Hem, “Effect of Washing on Physicochemical Properties of Aluminum Hydroxide
Gel,” J. Pharm. Sci., 63, 635-637 (1974).
10. R.J. DeSalvo and S.L. Hem, “Manufacturer/Drug Data Profile Is a Useful Tool in Drug Product
Selection,” Pharmacy Times, April 1974, 52-54.
11. R.J. DeSalvo and S.L. Hem, “Community Pharmacists and Drug Product Source Selection,” N.A.R.D.
Journal, 96, 26-30 (1974).
12. R.J. DeSalvo and S.L. Hem, “Indiana Pharmacists and Drug Product Source Selection,” The Indiana
Pharmacist, July 1974, 138-142.
13. R.E. Lindsay and S.L. Hem, “Dosage Form for Potassium Penicillin G Intravenous Infusion Solutions,”
Drug Development Communications, 1 (3), 211-222 (1974-1975).
14. S.L. Hem, “Physiochemical Properties of Antacids,” J. Chem. Ed., 52, 383-385 (1975).
15. J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Role of Carbonate in Aluminum Hydroxide Gel Established by Ramon and
Infrared Analysis,” J. Pharm. Sci., 64, 468-469 (1975).
16. N.J. Kerkhof, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Effect of Dilution on Reactivity and Structure of Aluminum
Hydroxide Gel,” J. Pharm. Sci., 64, 940-942 (1975).
17. S.L. Nail, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Comparison of Infrared Spectroscopic Analysis of Aluminum
Hydroxide Gel with X-ray Diffraction,” J. Pharm. Sci., 64,1166-1169 (1975).
18. J.M. Blaha, A.M. Knevel and S.L. Hem, “High-Pressure Liquid Chromatographic Analysis of Penicillin
Potassium and Its Degradation Products,” J. Pharm. Sci., 64, 1384-1386 (1975)
19. S.L. Hem, D.R. Bright, G.S. Banker and J.P. Pogue, “Tissue Irritation Evaluation of Potential Parenteral
Vehicles,” Drug Development Communications, 1 (5), 471-477 (1974-1975).
20. N.J. Kerkhof, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Vehicle for Stabilizing Aluminum Hydroxide Gel,” J. Pharm.
Sci., 64, 2030-2032 (1975).
21. S.L. Nail, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Infrared Studies of the Development of Order in Aluminum
Hydroxide Gels,” J. Pharm. Sci., 65, 231-234 (1976).
22. J.M. Blaha, A.M. Knevel and S.L. Hem, “Kinetic Analysis of Pencillin Degradation in Acidic Media, “
J. Pharm. Sci., 65, 1165-1170 (1976).
23. S.L. Nail, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “The Structure of Aluminum Hydroxide Gel I: Initial Precipitate,”
J. Pharm. Sci., 65, 1188-1191 (1976).
24. S.L. Nail, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “The Structure of Aluminum Hydroxide Gel II: Aging
Mechanism,” J. Pharm. Sci., 65, 1192-1195 (1976).
25. S.L. Nail, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “The Structure of Aluminum Hydroxide Gel III: Mechanism of
Stabilization by Sorbitol,” J. Pharm. Sci., 65, 1195-1198 (1976).
26. S.L. Nail, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Kinetics of Acid Neutralization by Aluminum Hydroxide Gel,” J.
Pharm. Sci., 65, 1255-1258 (1976).
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27. S.L. Nail, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Differential Thermal Analysis of Aluminum Hydroxide Gel,” J.
Pharm. Sci., 65, 1391-1393 (1976).
28. A.R. DiSanto, J. Blanchard, S.L. Hem and N.G. Lordi, “Phenylbutazone Bioavailability Monograph,” J.
A. Ph. A. NS, 16, 365-368 (1976).
29. J.L. White, S.L. Nail and S.L. Hem, “Infrared Technique for Distinguishing Between Amorphous and
Crystalline Aluminum Hydroxide Phases,” Seventh Conference of Clay Mineralogy and Petrology
Proceedings, Karlovy Vary, 1976, pp. 51-59.
30. N.J. Kerkhof, R.K. Vanderlaan, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “pH-Stat Titration of Aluminum Hydroxide
Gel,” J. Pharm. Sci., 66, 1528-1533 (1977).
31. N.J. Kerkhof, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Role of Carbonate in the Acid Neutralization of Aluminum
Hydroxide Gel,” J. Pharm. Sci., 66, 1533-1533 (1977).
32. C.J. Serna, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Hydrolysis of Aluminum-tri-(sec-butoxide) in Ionic and
Nonionic Media,” Clays & Clay Minerals, 25, 384-391 (1977).
33. C.J. Serna, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Anion-Aluminum Hydroxide Gel Interactions,” Soil Sci. Soc.
Am. Proc., 41, 1009-1013 (1977).
34. M. Jemal, S.L. Hem and A.M. Knevel, “Demonstration of Penicillamine as a Product in Degradation of
Benzylpenicillenic Acid in Neutral Media Using Differential Pulse Polarography,” J. Pharm. Sci., 67,
302-305 (1978).
35. C.J. Serna, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “A Structural Survey of Carbonate-Containing Antacids,” J.
Pharm. Sci., 67, 324-327 (1978).
36. L.S. Porubcan, C.J. Serna, J.L. White and S. L. Hem, “Mechanism of Adsorption of Clindamycin and
Tetracycline by Montmorillonite,” J. Pharm. Sci., 67, 1081-1087 (1978).
37. C.J. Serna, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “The Nature of Amorphous Aluminum Hydroxycarbonate,” J.
Pharm. Sci., 67, 1144-1147 (1978).
38. C.J. Serna, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Factors Affecting the Homogeneous Precipitation of Aluminum
Hydroxide Gel,” J. Pharm. Sci., 67, 1179-1181 (1978).
39. N.J. Kerkhof, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “A pH-Stat Titration Technique for Measurement of
Amorphous Aluminum Hydroxide in Bauxite and Soils,” Trav. Com. Int. Etude Bauxites, Alumine
Alum., 15, 183-191 (1979).
40. C.-j. Chang and S.L. Hem, “Carbon-13 Magnetic Resonance Spectroscopy of Drugs III: Penicillins,” J.
Pharm. Sci., 68, 64-69 (1979).
41. L.S. Porubcan, G.S. Born, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Interaction of Digoxin and Montmorillonite:
Mechanism of Adsorption and Degradation,” J. Pharm. Sci., 15, 358-361 (1979).
42. R.K. Vanderlaan, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Effect of the Interaction of Aluminum Hydroxycarbonate
Gel and Magnesium Hydroxide Gel on Acid Neutralization,” J. Pharm. Sci., 68, 1498-1501 (1979).
43. M.K. Wang, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Effect of Polybasic Acids on the Structure of Aluminum
Hydroxycarbonate Gel,” J. Pharm. Sci., 69, 668-671 (1980).
44. J.E. Browne, J.R. Feldkamp, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Acid-Base Equilibria of Tetracycline in
Sodium Montmorillonite Suspensions,” J. Pharm. Sci., 69, 811-815 (1980).
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45. J.E. Browne, J.R. Feldkamp, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “The Characterization and Adsorptive Properties
of Pharmaceutical Grade Clays,” J. Pharm. Sci., 69, 816-823 (1980).
46. J. Cornejo, M.C. Hermosin, J.L. White, G.E. Peck and S.L. Hem, “Oxidative Degradation of
Hydrocortisone in the Presence of Attapulgite,” J. Pharm. Sci., 69, 945-947 (1980).
47. J.E. Browne, J.R. Feldkamp, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “The Potential of Organic Cation Saturated
Montmorillonite as Treatment for Poisoning by Weak Bases,” J. Pharm. Sci., 69, 1393-1395 (1980).
48. M.C. Hermosin, J. Cornejo, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Sepiolite: A Potential Excipient for Drugs
Subject to Oxidative Degradation,” J. Pharm. Sci., 70, 184-192 (1981).
49. J.R. Feldkamp, J.E. Browne, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Displacement of Acid-Base Equilibria of Clay
Suspensions as Calculated from Double-Layer Theory,” J. Colloid and Interface Sci., 80, 67-73 (1981).
50. D.N. Shah, J.R. Feldkamp, J.L. White and S.L. Hem. “Effect of the pH-Zero Point of Charge
Relationship on the Interaction of Ionic Compounds and Polyols with Aluminum Hydroxide Gel,” J.
Pharm. Sci., 71, 266-268 (1981).
51. J.R. Feldkamp, D.N. Shah, S.L. Meyer, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Effect of Adsorbed Carbonate on the
Surface Charge Characteristics and Physical Properties of Alumnum Hydroxide Gel,” J. Pharm. Sci.,
70, 638-640 (1981).
52. D.L. Teagarden, J.F. Kozlowski, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Aluminum Chlorhydrate I: Structure,” J.
Pharm. Sci., 70, 758-761 (1981).
53. D.L. Teagarden, J.F. Radavich, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Aluminum Chlorhydrate II: Physico-
Chemical Properties,” J. Pharm. Sci., 70, 762-764 (1981).
54. D.L. Teagarden, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Aluminum Chlorhydrate III: Conversion to Aluminum
Hydroxide,” J. Pharm. Sci., 70, 808-810 (1981).
55. E.A. Lipka, J.R. Feldkamp, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Investigation of the Gel Structure of Aluminum
Hydroxycarbonate Gel Using a Tension Cell,” J. Pharm. Sci., 70, 936-939 (1981).
56. D.N. Shah, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Mechanism of Interaction of Polyols and Aluminum Hydroxide
Gel,” J. Pharm. Sci., 70, 1101-1104 (1981).
57. D.P. Kessler, I. Ghebre-Sellassie, A.M. Knevel and S.L. Hem, “A Kinetic Analysis of the Acidic
Degradation of Penicillin G and Confirmation of Penicillamine as a Degradation Product,” J. C. S.
Perkin II, 1247-1251 (1981).
58. M.C. Hermosin, J. Cornejo, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Application Studies of Fibrous Minerals in the
Pharmaceutical Industry: Interaction with Hydrocortisone,” Soc. Esp. Mineralogia, 2, 89-96 (1981).
59. E.A. Lipka, M.K. Wang, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Effect of Precipitation Temperature, pH and
Agitation on the Acid Reactivity of Aluminum Hydroxycarbonate Gel,” Drug Development and
Industrial Pharmacy, 8, 53-61 (1982).
60. J.R. Feldkamp, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Effect of Surface Charge and Particle Size on the Gel
Structure of Aluminum Hydroxycarbonate Gel,” J. Pharm. Sci., 71, 43-46 (1982).
61. I. Ghebre-Sellassie, S.L. Hem and A.M. Knevel, “Separation of Penicillin and Its Major Degradation
Products by Ion-Pair Reversed-Phase High-Pressure Liquid Chromatography,” J. Pharm. Sci., 71, 351-
353 (1982).
10

62. D.L. Teagarden, J.F. Kozlowski, J.L. White, J.F. Radavich and S.L. Hem, “Structure and Properties of
Aluminum Hydroxychloride,” Travaux ISCOBA, 12, 267-281 (1982).
63. R.K. Vanderlaan, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Formation of Hydrotalcite in Mixtures of Aluminum
Hydroxycarbonate Gel and Magnesium Hydroxide Gel,” J. Pharm. Sci., 71, 780-786 (1982).
64. J. Cornejo, M.C. Hermosin, J.L. White, J.R. Barnes and S.L. Hem, “The Role of Ferric Iron in the
Oxidation of Hydrocortisone by Sepiolite,” Proc. Intl. Clay Conf., Bologna, Italy, 1982.
65. D.L. Teagarden, S.L. Hem and J.L. White, “Conversion of Aluminum Chlorohydrate to Aluminum
Hydroxide,” J. Soc. Cosmet. Chem., 33, 281-295 (1982).
66. S.L. Hem, J.L. White, J.D. Buehler, J.R. Luber, W.M. Grim and E.A. Lipka, “An Integrated Evaluation
of Antacid Suspensions Containing Aluminum Hydroxide and Magnesium Hydroxide,” Am. J. Hosp.
Pharm., 39, 1925-1930 (1982).
67. R.R. Landolt and S.L. Hem, “A Convenient Method of Simultaneously Analyzing Aluminum and
Magnesium in Pharmaceutical Dosage Forms Using Californium 252 Thermal Neutron Activation,” J.
Pharm. Sci., 72, 561-562 (1983).
68. M.K. Wang, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Influence of Acetate, Oxalate and Citrate Anions on
Precipitation of Aluminum Hydroxide,” Clays Clay Minerals, 31, 65-68 (1983).
69. J. Cornejo, M.C. Hermosin, J.L. White, J.R. Barnes and S.L. Hem, “Role of Ferric Iron in the Oxidation
of Hydrocortisone by Palygorskite,” Clays Clay Minerals, 31, 109-112 (1983)
70. C.J. Serna, J.C. Lyons, J.L. White and S. L. Hem, “Stabilization of Aluminum Hydroxide Gel by
Specifically Adsorbed Carbonate,” J. Pharm. Sci., 72, 769-771 (1983).
71. E.C. Scholtz, M.I. Zapata, S.L. Hem, J.R. Feldkamp and J.L. White, “Physicochemical Interpretation of
pH-Stat Titration of Amorphous Aluminum Hydroxycarbonate,” J. Pharm. Sci., 72, 973-975 (1983).
72. D.P. Kessler, M. Cushman, I. Ghebre-Sellassie, A.M. Knevel and S.L. Hem, “Investigation of a
Proposed Penicillin G Acidic Degradation Scheme Using HPLC and Optimization Techniques and
Mechanistic Characteristics,” J. Chem. Soc., Perkin Trans. II, 1699-1703 (1983).
73. J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Pharmaceutical Aspects of Clay-Organic Interactions,” Ind. Eng. Chem.
Prod. Res. Dev., 22, 665-671 (1983).
74. M.I. Zapata, J.R. Feldkamp, G.E. Peck, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Mechanism of Freeze-Thaw
Instability of Aluminum Hydroxycarbonate Gel and Magnesium Hydroxide Gel,” J. Pharm. Sci., 73, 3-
8 (1984).
75. I. Ghebre-Sellassie, S.L. Hem and A.M. Knevel, “Epimerization of Benzylpenicilloic Acid in Alkaline
Media,” J. Pharm. Sci., 73, 125-128 (1984).
76. E.C. Scholtz, J.R. Feldkamp, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Desorption of Carbonate from Aluminum
Hydroxycarbonate Gel by Nitrogen Purging,” J. Pharm. Sci., 73, 209-212 (1984).
77. E.C. Scholtz, J.R. Feldkamp, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Properties of Carbonate-Containing Aluminum
Hydroxide Produced by Precipitation at Constant pH,” J. Pharm. Sci., 73, 967-973 (1984).
78. E.C. Scholtz, J.R. Feldkamp, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Exchange of Sodium by Magnesium in
Aluminum Hydroxycarbonate Gel,” J. Pharm. Sci., 73, 1007-1009 (1984).
11

79. J.-C. Liu, J.R. Feldkamp, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Adsorpion of Phosphate by Aluminum
Hydroxycarbonate,” J. Pharm. Sci., 73, 1355-1358 (1984).
80. S.L. Hem and J.L. White, “Characterization of Aluminum Hydroxide for Use as an Adjuvant in
Parenteral Vaccines,” J. Parenteral Sci. Technol., 38, 2-10 (1984).
81. R.J. Sepelyak, J.R. Feldkamp, T.E. Moody, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Adsorption of Pepsin by
Aluminum Hydroxide I: Adsorption Mechanism,” J. Pharm. Sci., 73, 1514-1517 (1984).
82. R.J. Sepelyak, J.R. Feldkamp, F.E. Regnier, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Adsorption of Pepsin by
Aluminum Hydroxide II: Pepsin Inactivation,” J. Pharm. Sci., 73, 1517-1522 (1984).
83. S.L. Hem and J.L. White, “Synergistic Research,” Chemtech, 44-47, January 1985.
84. E.C. Scholz, J.R. Feldkamp, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Point of Zero Charge of Amorphous Aluminum
Hydroxide,” J. Pharm. Sci., 74, 478-481 (1985).
85. J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “The Science/Industry Interface in Clay Mineralogy:Aluminum Hydroxide -
A Case History,” Applied Clay Science, 1, 3-11 (1985).
86. E.M. Morefield, G.E. Peck, S.L. Hem, J.R. Feldkamp and J.L. White, “Adsorption of Hypochlorite by
Aluminum Hydroxide,” J. Pharm. Sci., 74, 1019-1020 (1985).
87. P.P.-L. Wu, J.R. Feldkamp, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Effect of Surface Charge of Carbonate-
Containing Aluminum Hydroxide on Particle Interactions in Aqueous Suspensions,” J. Pharm. Sci., 74,
1019-1020 (1985).
88. P.P.-L. Wu, J.R. Feldkamp, J.L. White and S. L. Hem, “Monitoring Particle Interactions in Aqueous
Suspensions by Fiber Optic Doppler Anemometry,” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 110, 3989-409 (1986).
89. E.A. Larson, S.R. Ash, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Phosphate Binding Gels: Balancing Phosphate
Adsorption and Aluminum Toxicity,” Kidney Int., 29, 1131-1135 (1986).
90. E.M. Morefield, T.J. Konechnik, G.E. Peck, J.R. Feldkamp, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Effect of Shear
on the Apparent Viscosity of Amorphous Carbonate-Containing Aluminum Hydroxide Suspensions,” J.
Pharm. Sci., 75, 297-300 (1986).
91. E.M. Morefield, G.E. Peck, J.R. Feldkamp, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Role of Water in the Aging of
Aluminum Hydroxide Suspensions,” J. Pharm. Sci., 75, 403-406(1986).
92. E.M. Morefield, G.E. Peck, S.L. Hem, J.R. Feldkamp and J.L. White, “Preformulation Information for
Suspensions,” Int. J. Pharm., 34, 263-265 (1987).
93. T.J. Konechnik, W. Hause, C.M. Pendarkar, J.R. Luber, R.J. Jhawar, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Use of
Capillary Suction Time to Characterize the Surface Area of Aluminum Hydroxide Suspensions,” Drug
Dev. Ind. Pharm., 13, 517-528 (1987).
94. J.-C. Liu, J.R. Feldkamp, J.L. White, S.L. Hem, N. Otsuka, D.F. Conroy, C. Pendharkar, K.M. Feld,
R.J. Harwood and W.M. Grim, “Particle Morphology of Amorphous Aluminum Hydroxycarbonate and
Its Effect on Tablet Production,” Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm., 13, 2087-2110 (1987).
95. P.R. Nixon, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Relationship of Surface Area of pH-Dependent Suspensions and
Water Retention,” Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm., 13, 2553-2570 (1987).
96. P.R. Nixon, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Investigation of pH-Dependent Gel Structure in Amorphous
Carbonate-Containing Aluminum Hydroxide by Viscometry, Fiber Optic Doppler Anemometry and Freeze
Fracture/Freeze Etch Scanning Electron Microscopy,” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 120, 312-319 (1987).
12

97. B.J. Floy, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Validation of Fiber Optic Doppler Anemometry (FODA) for
Characterizing the Droplet Size of Emulsions,” Pharm. Res., 4, 301-304 (1987).
98. B.J. Floy, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Fiber Optic Doppler Anemometry (FODA) as a Tool in
Formulating Emulsions,” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 125, 23-33 (1988).
99. M. M. Salazar-Gutierrez, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Controlling the Degree of Dispersion of Aluminum
Hydroxide Suspensions by Adsorption of Ionic Solutes,” Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm., 14, 1495-1516
(1988).
100. M.M. Salazar-Gutierrez, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Controlling the Degree of Dispersion of Aluminum
Hydroxide Suspensions by Steric Stabilization,” Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm., 15, 17-24 (1989).
101. N.A. Partridge, F.E. Regnier, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Influence of Dietary Constitutents on Intestinal
Absorption of Aluminum,” Kidney Int., 35, 1413-1417 (1989).
102. T.J. Konechnik, R. Kos, J.L. White, S.L. Hem and M.T. Borin, “In-Vitro Adsorption of Bile Salts by
Colestipol Hydrochloride,” Pharm. Res., 6, 619-623 (1989).
103. C.V. Bilicki, J.L. White, S.L. Hem and M.T. Borin, “Effect of Anions on Adsorption of Bile Salts by
Colestipol Hydrochloride,” Pharm. Res., 6, 794-797 (1989).
104. M.I. Zapata, J.R. Feldkamp, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Use of the Tension Cell to Monitor Particle
Interactions in Suspensions,” Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm., 15, 1933-1941 (1989).
105. S. Shirodkar, R.L. Hutchinson, D.L. Perry, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Aluminum Compounds Used as
Adjuvants in Vaccines,” Pharm. Res., 7, 1282-1288 (1990).
106. R. Kos, J.L. White, S.L. Hem and M.T. Borin, “Effect of Competing Anions on Adsorption of Bile Salts
by Cholestyramine,” Pharm. Res., 8, 2-5 (1991).
107. S.J. Seeber, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Predicting the Adsorption of Proteins by Aluminum-Containing
Adjuvants,” Vaccine, 9, 201-203 (1991).
108. S.J. Seeber, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Solubilization of Aluminum-Containing Adjuvants by
Constituents of Interstitial Fluid,” J. Parenter. Sci. Technol., 45, 156-159 (1991).
109. P.M. Callahan, A.L. Shorter and S.L. Hem, “The Importance of Surface Charge in the Optimization of
Antigen-Adjuvant Interactions,” Pharm. Res., 8, 851-858 (1991).
110. A. Desai, J.L. White, S.L. Hem and G.E. Peck, “Effect of Dye Content on Point of Zero Charge of
Anionic Lake Dyes,” Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm., 17, 1405-1409 (1991).
111. L. Eaton, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “In-Vitro Adsorption of Cholate Anion by Aluminum Hydroxide,”
Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm., 17, 2029-2039 (1991).
112. W.J. McLaughlin, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Surface Charge Characteristics of Aluminum
Hydroxycarbonate as Influenced by Carbonate Equilibrium,” Drug Dev. Ind. Pharm., 18, 2081-2094
(1992).
113. N.A. Partridge, F.E. Regnier, W.M. Reed, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Contribution of Soluble
Aluminum Species to Absorption of Aluminum from the In-Situ Rat Gut,” Clinical Science, 83, 425-
430 (1992).
114. W.J. McLaughlin, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Heterocoagulation in Magnesium Hydroxide and
Aluminum Hydroxycarbonate Suspensions,” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 157, 113-123 (1993).
13

115. C.L. Peterson, D.L. Perry, H. Masood, H. Lin, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, C. Fritsch and F. Haeusler,
“Characterization of Antacid Compounds Containing Both Aluminum and Magnesium I: Crystalline
Powders,” Pharm. Res., 10, 998-1004 (1993).
116. C.L. Peterson, D.L. Perry, H. Masood, J.L. White, S.L. Hem, C. Fritsch and F. Haeusler,
“Characterization of Antacid Compounds Containing Both Aluminum and Magnesium II: Co-Dried
Powders,” Pharm. Res., 10, 1005-1007 (1993).
117. W.J. McLaughlin, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “The Surface Chemistry of Agglomerates Formed in
Suspensions Containing Aluminum Hydroxycarbonate and Magnesium Hydroxide,” J. Colloid
Interface Sci., 158, 333-341 (1993).
118. A.S. Desai, G.E. Peck, J.E. Lovell, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “The Effect of Aluminum Hydroxide
Dissolution on the Bleeding of Aluminum Lake Dyes,” Pharm. Res., 10, 1458-1460 (1993).
119. H. Masood, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Relationship Between Protein Adsorptive Capacity and the X-
ray Diffraction Pattern of Aluminum Hydroxide Adjuvants,” Vaccine, 12, 187-189 (1994).
120. A.S. Desai, G.E. Peck, J.E. Lovell, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Effect of Titanium Dioxide on the
Bleeding of Aluminum Lake Dyes,” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 166, 29-34 (1994).
121. R. Al-Shakhshir, F. Regnier, J.L. White and S. L. Hem, “The Effect of Protein Adsorption on the
Surface Charge Characteristics of Aluminium-Containing Adjuvants,” Vaccine, 12, 472-474 (1994).
122. W.J. McLaughlin, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Influence of Heterocoagulation on the Formation of
Hydrotalcite in Mixed Suspensions of Magnesium Hydroxide and Aluminum Hydroxycarbonate,” J.
Colloid Interface Sci., 165, 41-52 (1994).
123. W.J. McLaughlin, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Effect of Heterocoagulation on the Rheology of
Suspensions Containing Aluminum Hydroxycarbonate and Magnesium Hydroxide,” J. Colloid
Interface Sci., 167, 74-79 (1994).
124. G.A. Van Buskirk, S.L. Hem, et al., “Workshop III Report: Scaleup of Liquid and Semisolid Disperse
Systems,” Pharm. Res., 11, 1216-1220 (1994).
125. R.H. Al-Shakhshir, F.E. Regnier, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Contribution of Electrostatic and
Hydrophobic Interactions to the Adsorption of Proteins by Aluminum-Containing Adjuvants,” Vaccine,
13, 41-44 (1995).
126. R.H. Al-Shakhshir, A.L. Lee, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Interactions in Model Vaccines Composed of
Mixtures of Aluminum-Containing Adjuvants,” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 169, 197-203 (1995).
127. F. Stieneker, G. Kersten, L. van Bloois, D.J.A. Crommelin, S.L. Hem, J. Lower and J. Kreuter,
“Comparison of 24 Different Adjuvants for Inactivated HIV-2 Split Whole Virus as Antigen in Mice.
Induction of Titres of Binding Antibodies and Toxicity of the Formulations,” Vaccine, 13, 45-54
(1995).
128. J.V. Rinella, Jr., J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Effect of Anions on Model Aluminum Adjuvant Containing
Vaccines,” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 172, 121-130 (1995).
129. J.V. Rinella, Jr., J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Treatment of Aluminium Hydroxide Adjuvant to Optimize
the Adsorption of Basic Proteins,” Vaccine, 14, 298-300 (1996).
130. K.E. Hancock, G.E. Peck, D.L. Perry, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “The Effect of Humidity on the
Physical and Chemical Stability of Spray Dried Aluminum Hydroxycarbonate,” J. Colloid Interface
Sci., 183, 431-440 (1996).
14

131. K.J. Hem, E.A. Dandashli, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Accessibility of Antigen in Vaccines Produced
by In-Situ Alum Precipitation,” Vaccine Research, 5, 187-191 (1996).
132. M.-F. Chang, J.L. White, S.L. Nail and S.L. Hem, “Role of the Electrostatic Attractive Force in the
Adsorption of Proteins by Aluminum Hydroxide Adjuvant,” PDA Journal of Pharmaceutical Science
and Technology, 51, 1-5 (1997).
133. S.E. Gruenhagen, D.G. Schulze, G. Chansiri, K.J. Hem, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Effect of Sorbitol on
the Phosphate Adsorptive Capacity of Ferrihydrite Suspensions,” Pharmaceutical Development and
Technology, 2, 81-86 (1997).
134. R.E. Flarend, S.L. Hem, J.L. White, D. Elmore, M.A. Suckow, A.C. Rudy and E.A. Dandashli, “In-vivo
Absorption of Aluminium-Containing Vaccine Adjuvants Using 26 Al,” Vaccine, 15, 1314-1318 (1997).
135. S.L. Hem, “Industrial Scientists and Engineers: an Underutilized Academic Resource,” Pharm. Dev.
Tech., 2, vii-viii (1997).
136. J.V. Rinella, Jr., R.F. Workman, M.A. Hermodson, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Elutability of Proteins
from Aluminum-Containing Vaccine Adjuvants by Treatment with Surfactants,” J. Colloid Interface
Sci., 197, 48-56 (1998).
137. J.V. Rinella, Jr., J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Effect of pH on the Elution of Model Antigens from
Aluminum-Containing Adjuvants,” J. Colloid Interface Sci., 205, 161-165 (1998).
138. G. Chansiri, R.T. Lyons, M.V. Patel and S.L. Hem, “Effect of Surface Charge on the Stability of O/W
Emulsions During Steam Sterilization,” J. Pharm. Sci., 88, 454-458 (1999).
139. L.S. Burrell, E.B. Lindblad, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Stability of Aluminium-Containing Adjuvants
to Autoclaving,” Vaccine, 17, 2599-2603 (1999).
140. J.M. Heimlich, F.E. Regnier, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “The In-Vitro Displacement of Adsorbed Model
Antigens from Aluminium-Containing Adjuvants by Interstitial Proteins,” Vaccine, 17, 2873-2881
(1999).
141. T. Bin, A.K. Kulshreshtha, R. Al-Shakhshir and S.L. Hem, “Adsorption of Benzalkonium Chloride by
Filter Membranes: Mechanisms and Effects of Formulation and Processing Parameters,” Pharm. Dev.
Tech., 4, 151-165 (1999).
142. R. Flarend, C. Keim, T. Bin, D. Elmore, S. Hem and M. Ladisch, “Analysis of Aluminium –26 Labeled
Aluminum Chlorohydrate,” J. Inorg.Biochem., 76, 149-152 (1999).
143. T. Bin, L. McCrosky, A.K. Kulshreshtha and S.L. Hem, “Adsorption of Esters of p-Hydroxybenzoic
Acid by Filter Membranes: Mechanism and Effect of Formulation and Processing Parameters,” Pharm.
Dev. Tech., 5, 95-104 (2000).
144. J. Klein, M. Ushio, L.S. Burrell, B. Wenslow and S.L. Hem, “Analysis of Aluminum
Hydroxyphosphate Vaccine Adjuvants by 27-Al MAS NMR,” J. Pharm. Sci., 89, 311-321 (2000).
145. L.S. Burrell, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Stability of Aluminum–Containing Adjuvants During Aging at
Room Temperature,” Vaccine, 18, 2188-2192 (2000).
146. L.S. Burrell, C.T. Johnston, D. Schulze, J. Klein, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Aluminum Phosphate
Adjuvants Precipitated at Constant pH I: Composition and Structure,” Vaccine, 19, 275-281 (2000).
147. L.S. Burrell, C.T. Johnson, D. Schulze, J. Klein, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Aluminum Phosphate
Adjuvants Precipitated at Constant pH II: Physicochemical Properties,” Vaccine, 19, 282-287 (2000).
15

148. J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Characterization of Aluminium-Containing Adjuvants,” in Physico-
Chemical Procedures for the Characterization of Vaccines, Eds. F. Brown, M. Corbel and E. Griffiths,
IABS Symposia Series, Developments in Biologicals, Vol. 103, Karger, Basel, 2000, pp. 217-228.
149. R. Flarend, T. Bin, D. Elmore and S.L. Hem, “A Preliminary Study of the Dermal Absorption of
Aluminum from Antiperspirants Using Aluminum – 26,” Food Chem. Toxicol., 39, 163-168 (2001).
150. Y. Shi, H. HogenEsch, F.E. Regnier and S.L. Hem, “Detoxification of Endotoxin by Aluminum
Hydroxide Adjuvant,” Vaccine, 19, 1747-1752 (2001).
151. M.-F. Chang, Y. Shi, S.L. Nail, H. HogenEsch, S.B. Adams, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, "Degree of
Antigen Adsorption in the Vaccine or Interstitial Fluid and Its Effect on the Antibody Response in
Rabbits," Vaccine, 19, 2884-2889 (2001).
152. Y. Shi, H. HogenEsch and S.L. Hem, “Change in the Degree of Adsorption of Proteins by Aluminum-
Containing Adjuvants Following Exposure to Interstitial Fluid: Freshly Prepared and Aged Model
Vaccines,” Vaccine, 20, 80-85 (2002).
153. N. Pongcharoenkiat, G. Narsimhan, R.T. Lyons and S.L. Hem, “The Effect of Surface Charge and
Partition Coefficient on the Chemical Stability of Solutes in O/W Emulsions,” J. Pharm Sci., 91, 559-
570 (2002).
154. C.T. Johnston, S.-L. Wang and S.L. Hem, “Measuring the Surface Area of Aluminum Hydroxide
Adjuvant,” J. Pharm. Sci., 91, 1702-1706 (2002).
155. S.L. Hem, “Elimination of Aluminum Adjuvants,” Vaccine, 20, S40-S43 (2002).
156. E.A. Dandashli, Q. Zhao, S. Yitta, G. Morefield, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Effect of Thermal
Treatment During the Preparation of Aluminum Hydroxide Adjuvant on the Protein Adsorption
Capacity during Aging,” Pharm. Dev. Technol., 7, 401-406 (2002).
157. S. Iyer, H. HogenEsch and S.L. Hem, “Relationship Between the Degree of Antigen Adsorption to
Aluminum Hydroxide Adjuvant in Interstitial Fluid and Antibody Production,” Vaccine, 21, 1219-1223
(2003).
158. N. Pongcharoenkiat, A. Wittayanukulluk and S.L. Hem, “Determination of Methylparaben in O/W
Emulsions by Solid-Phase Extraction and High-Performance Liquid Chromatography,” J. Cosmet. Sci.,
54, 47-52 (2003).
159. S. Iyer, H. HogenEsch and S.L. Hem, “Effect of the Degree of Phosphate Substitution in Aluminum
Hydroxide Adjuvant on the Adsorption of Phosphorylated Proteins,” Pharm Dev. Technol., 8, 87-92
(2003).
160. C.T. Johnston, S.L. Hem, E. Guenin, J. Mattai and J. Afflito, “Potentiometric/turbidometric Titration of
Antiperspirant Actives,” J. Cosmet. Soc., 54, 113–118 (2003).
161. S.-L. Wang, C.T. Johnston, D.L. Bish, J.L. White and S.L. Hem, “Water-vapor Adsorption and Surface
Area Measurement of Poorly Crystalline Boehmite,” J. Colloid. Interface Sci., 260, 26–35 (2003).
162. S. Jendrek, S.F. Little, S. Hem, G. Mitra and S. Giardina, “Evaluation of the Compatibility of a Second
Generation Recombinant Anthrax Vaccine with Aluminum-containing Adjuvants,” Vaccine, 21, 3011–
3018 (2003).
163. A. Bindal, G. Narsimhan, S.L. Hem and A. Kulshreshtha, “Effect of Steam Sterilization on the
Rheology of Polymer Solutions,” Pharm. Dev. Technol., 8, 219-228 (2003).
16

164. D. Jiang, C.T. Johnston and S.L. Hem, “Using Rate of Acid Neutralization to Characterize Aluminum
Phosphate Adjuvant,” Pharm. Dev. Technol., 8, 349-356 (2003).
165. A. Wittayanukulluk, D. Jiang, F.E. Regnier and S.L. Hem, “Effect of Microenvironment pH of
Aluminum Hydroxide Adjuvant on the Chemical Stability of Adsorbed Antigen,” Vaccine, 22, 1172-
1176 (2004).
166. S. Iyer, R.S.R. Robinett, H. HogenEsch and S.L. Hem, “Mechanism of Adsorption of Hepatitis B
Surface Antigen by Aluminum Hydroxide Adjuvant,” Vaccine, 22, 1475-1479 (2004).
167. G.L. Morefield, H. HogenEsch, J.P. Robinson and S.L. Hem, “Distribution of Adsorbed Antigen in
Mono-Valent and Combination Vaccines,” Vaccine, 22, 1973-1984 (2004).
168. D. Jiang, G.S. Premachandra, C. Johnston and S.L. Hem, “Structure and Adsorption Properties of
Commercial Calcium Phosphate Adjuvant,” Vaccine, 23, 693-698 (2004).
169. G.L. Morefield, D. Jiang, I.Z. Romero-Mendez, R.L. Geahlen, H. HogenEsch and S.L. Hem, “Effect of
Phosphorylation of Ovalbumin on Adsorption by Aluminum-containing Adjuvants and Elution Upon
Exposure to Interstitial Fluid,” Vaccine, 23, 1502-1506 (2005).
170. G.L. Morefield, A. Sokolovska, D. Jiang, H. HogenEsch, J.P. Robinson and S.L. Hem, “Role of
Aluminum-containing Adjuvants in Antigen Internalization by Dendritic Cells In vitro,” Vaccine, 23,
1588-1595 (2005).
171. D. Jiang, G.L. Morefield, H. HogenEsch and S. L. Hem “Relationship of Adsorption Mechanism of
Antigens by Aluminum-Containing Adjuvants to In Vitro Elution in Interstitial Fluid,” Vaccine, 24,
1665-1669 (2006)
172. K. P. Yau, D. G. Schulze, C. T. Johnston and S. L. Hem, ‘Aluminum Hydroxide Adjuvant Produced
Under Constant Reactant Concentration,” J. Pharm. Sci. 95, 1822-1833 (2006).
173. I.Z. Romero Mendez, Y. Shi, H. HogenEsch and S.L. Hem, “Potentiation of the Immune Response to
Non-adsorbed Antigens by Aluminum-Containing Adjuvants,” Vaccine, 25, 825-833 (2007).
174. A. Bindal, G. Narsimhan, S.L. Hem and A. Kulshreshtha, “Structural Changes in Xanthan Gum
Solutions During Steam Sterilization,” Pharm.Dev. Technol., in press
17

Jean Mary Blaha Ph.D. Kinetics of Penicillin Degradation Products in Acidic
Media, May 1974
Steven LaMar Nail Ph.D. The Relationship Between the Structure of Aluminum
Hydroxide Gel and Acid Reactivity,
May 1975
Nicholas Joe Kerkhof Ph.D. A Study of the Acid Neutralization of Aluminum
Hydroxide Gel, December 1975
Linda S. Porubcan Ph.D. Drug-Clay Interactions: A Mechanistic Study of
Adsorption Using X-ray Diffraction and Infrared
Spectroscopy, May 1978
Roger Kenneth Vanderlaan Ph.D. Interactions Between Aluminum Hydroxycarbonate
Gel and Magnesium Hydroxide Gel in Antacid
Mixtures, December 1978
Edward Alexander Lipka Ph.D. A Study of the Water Characteristics in Aluminum
Hydroxycarbonate Gel, December 1979
Jeffrey Edward Browne Ph.D. The Effect of Drug-Clay Interactions on The Acid-
Base Equilibria of Drugs in Clay Suspensions,
December 1979
Dhiren Nagindas Shah Ph.D. Surface Interaction of Aluminum Hydroxide Gel with
Organic Compounds, December 1979
Dirk Lowell Teagarden Ph.D. A Structural Study of Aluminum Chlorhydrate,
May 1980
Edward Carl Scholtz Ph.D. Physicochemical Properties and Structural Aspects of
Aluminum Hydroxycarbonate Gels, December 1981
Mary Ivette Zapata MS Freeze-thaw Stability of Colloidal Gel Systems,
May 1982
Robert John Sepelyak Ph.D. A Study of the Antipepsin Activity of Major Antacid
Compounds, December 1982
Jue-Chen Liu Ph.D. Interactions Between Phosphate Species and
Aluminum Hydroxide Gel, December 1982
Paul Pao-Lo Wu Ph.D. Measurement of Particle Interactions in Colloidal
Systems Using Fiber Optic Doppler Anemometry
(FODA) and Viscometry, December 1983
Elaine Marie Witte Morefield Ph.D. A Study of the Effect of Shear, Water Content, and
Hypochlorite Adsorption on the Chemical and
Physical Properties of Aluminum Hydroxy-carbonate
Suspension. Part I: The Effect of Shear on Particle
Interactions in Aluminum Hydroxy-carbonate
Suspension; Part II: The Role of Water in the Aging
of Aluminum Hydroxycarbonate Suspension; Part III:
The Adsorption of Hypochlorite by Aluminum
Hydroxycarbonate Suspension, May 1984
18

Mary Ivette Zapata Ph.D. Measurement of Physical Properties of Colloidal
Systems Using an Automated Tension Cell,
May 1984
Mariela M. Salazar-Gutierrez Ph.D. A Study of the Dispersal of Aluminum Hydroxycarbonate
Gel Using a Fiber Optic Doppler
Anemometer (FODA), December 1985
Barbara Jean Floy Ph.D. The Use of the Fiber Optic Dobbler Anemometer
(FODA) in the Characterization of Emulsions, August
1986
Phillip Rodney Nixon Ph.D. Use of Properties of Water to Characterize theSurface
Area of Aqueous Suspensions of pH-Dependent
Solids, May 1987
Neil Arden Partridge Ph.D. The Role of Complexation in theGastrointestinal
Absorption of Aluminum, May 1987
Suhag Shirodkar MS A Study of Aluminum Compounds Used as
Adjuvants in Biologicals, May, 1988
Rosemary Kos MS Effect of Competing Anions on Adsorption of Bile
Salts by Cholestyramine, August 1988
Sally Jane Seeber MS A Study of Aluminum-Containing Adjuvants:
Solubilization and Protein Adsorption, August 1989
Cheryl Lynn Peterson MS Characterization of Antacid Compounds Containing
Both Aluminum and Magnesium, May 1991
William Joseph McLaughlin Ph.D. Heterocoagulation and Chemical Transformations in
Aluminum Hydroxide-Magnesium Hydroxide
Suspensions, December 1991
Archana Desai Ph.D. Surface Chemistry of Aqueous Film Coating
Suspensions, December 1991
Ragheb Hilmi Al-Shakhshir Ph.D. Effect of Protein Adsorption by Aluminum-
Containing Adjuvants on Colloidal Interactions
Combination Vaccines, August 1993
Kim E. Hancock Ph.D. A Study of the Physical and Chemical Stability of
Spray Dried Aluminum Hydroxycarbonate and of
Drying Methods for Aluminum Hydroxycarbonate,
November 1994.
Joseph V. Rinella, Jr. Ph.D. The Desorption of Antigens from Model Aluminum-
Containing Vaccines, May 1995
19

Mei-Fang Chang Ph.D. The Effect of Surface Interaction Between Proteins
and Aluminum-Containing Adjuvants on the Immune
Response in Rabbits, June 1996
John M. Heimlich Ph.D. The Competitive Desorption and Denaturation of
Model Vaccine Antigens, May 1997
Gaysorn Chansiri Ph.D. The Effect of Surface Charge on the Physical
Properties of Intravenous Lipid Emulsions During
Steam Sterilization, July 1997
Lana S. Burrell Ph.D. Physicochemical Properties and Structural Aspects of
Aluminum-Containing Adjuvants: I. Constant pH
Precipitation; II. Stability; and III. Effect of
Autoclaving, May 1998
Nongnuch Pongcharoenkiat Ph.D. The Effects of Surface Charge and Drug Distribution
on the Chemical Stability of Paraben Esters in
Intravenous Lipid Emulsions, July 1999
Yi Shi Ph.D. Biological Effects of Aluminum Adjuvants:
I. Detoxification of Endotoxin; II. The Relationship
Between Antigen Adsorption and the Immune
Response, May 2000
Seema Mudholkar Ph.D. Relationship Between the Degree of Antigen
Adsorption in the Vaccine or in Interstitial Fluid and
the Ensuing Immune Response, September 2001
Arunee Wittayanukulluk Ph.D. Stabilization of the Hydrolysis of Haemophilus
Influenzae Type b Antigen by Aluminum Hydroxide
Adjuvant, December 2001
Kwok Pan Yau Ph.D. Constant pH Precipitation of Aluminum Hydroxide
Adjuvant: I. Effect of Precipitation Conditions;
II. Effect of Hydrothermal Treatment, September
2002
Garry Lee Morefield Ph.D. Potentiation of the Immune Response with
Aluminum-Containing Adjuvants: I. Distribution of
Adsorbed Antigen in Mono-Valent and Combination
Vaccines; II. Role of Antigen Adsorption in Antigen
Internalization by Dendritic Cells, July 2003
Ilia Z. Romero Mendez Ph.D. Significance of Antigen Adsorption by Aluminum-
Containing Adjuvants in Immunopotentiation, July
2005
20