Annual Report 2011 - PGS

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OptoSeis is PGS fiber-optic permanent monitoring system. Fiber-optic cables are installed on the sea bed of producing fields to monitor and optimize reservoir production and maximize resource recovery.
Marine Contract OptoSeis: Enhancing Reservoir Production In appropriate cases, the geophysical and logistics aspects of a producing reservoir warrant the use of seismic receivers permanently installed on the seabed. PGS has developed the OptoSeis fiber-optic system to meet this emerging market. The system offers a number of basic benefits: no in-sea electronics, lightweight, safe and robust operations over at least two decades without intervention, deepwater deployment, adaptable multi-component configuration and life-of-field cost-effectiveness. Imaging improvements are also significant: OptoSeis features a high dynamic range, low noise and crosstalk and high channel count. Operational benefits include on-demand periodic and continuous (passive) 4D acquisition, low operating costs, superior repeatability and more frequent updating of the reservoir model. Going forward, reservoir experts may consider OptoSeis the ultimate reservoir management solution. In today’s market there are three potential providers of permanently installed fiber-optic monitoring solutions: PGS, TGS and CGGVeritas. TGS entered the market after acquiring Stingray in 2011 and CGGVeritas established a market presence following the merger with Wavefield Inseis and its subsidiary Optoplan. Activity in the market for permanent monitoring systems has been fairly low. In 2008, CGGVeritas was awarded a contract to supply a seabed seismic sensor system for reservoir monitoring at the ConocoPhillips’ operated Ekofisk field in the North Sea. In 2010, PGS was awarded a contract by Petrobras to install a permanent seismic monitoring system at the Jubarte Field in the North Campos basin, Espiritos Santo province, offshore Brazil. Installation of the system is scheduled to be completed in 2012. This project is a significant step forward in the use of geophysics for reservoir surveillance, especially the application of 4D4C seismic to map the flow of fluids in Brazil’s deepwater reservoirs. OptoSeis data will improve the quality and timeliness of information that Petrobras geophysicists analyze and forward to their colleagues, the reservoir and production engineers who operate the offshore fields. Tendering activity for permanent monitoring solutions has increased and there is considerable potential for OptoSeis permanent monitoring solutions to become an important PGS business niche. What is Reservoir Monitoring? Conducting repeat seismic surveys generates information vital to optimizing reservoir production and maximizing resource recovery. Production and management techniques apply cell-based model simulations of reservoir production. History matching is used to reconcile predicted with actual reservoir state and behavior observations; the results facilitate modification of the current reservoir model. New 3D seismic data is periodically acquired across the reservoir to further update the reservoir model, particularly when history matching proves inadequate. Successive 3D seismic surveys over a field are referred to as time-lapse 3D or a 4D survey. Classic applications for 4D seismic include the identification of bypassed reserves, placement of injection wells, identification of unknown permeability conduits, depletion monitoring and CO2 sequestration. PGS has dedicated staff with expertise and technological resources covering the four key phases of 4D seismic work: planning, acquisition, processing and interpretation/characterization. The Company offers 4D services using acquisition via towed streamer and/or OptoSeis permanent monitoring solutions. PGS Annual Report 2011 19
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