Appendix 8.1 Cultural Heritage Desk Based Assessment

CLOICH WIND FARM, SCOTTISH BORDERS 

SCOTTISH BORDERS COUNCIL 

National Grid Reference (NGR) NS 69 85 

Desk-based Assessment of Cultural Heritage Resources 

Prepared by: 

RPS Planning and Development 

March 2012 


Mallams Court 

18 Milton Park 

Abingdon 

Oxon 

OX14 4RP 

Tel 01235 821888 

Fax 01235 820351 

Email rpsox@rpsplc.co.uk

Contents 

Summary................................................................................................ iii 

1 Introduction ................................................................................... 1 

2 Legislative and Planning Framework ............................................. 4 

3 Baseline Data ................................................................................ 9 

4 Previous Impacts ........................................................................ 18 

5 Assessment of Archaeological Potential ..................................... 19 

6 Development Proposal and Likely Impacts ................................. 21 

7 Conclusions and Recommendations ........................................... 22 

8 Bibliography ................................................................................ 23 


May 2012 

i 

Cloich Wind Farm

Figures 

Figure 1 

Figure 2 

Figure 3 

Map showing the location of the proposed windfarm and sites of 

archaeological/historical significance 

ZTV with Listed Buildings and Scheduled Monuments within 10km 

Detail from Gordon’s map (c.1536-62) of the Tweedale 

Figure 4 Detail from Blaeu Atlas (1654) 

Figure 5 

Figure 6 

Figure 7 

Detail from Roy map (1747-55) Military Survey of Scotland. Sheet 7/4a. 

Detail of 1856 6-inch OS first edition showing area around Courhope/southern part of 

wind farm site 

Detail of 1856 6-inch OS first edition showing northern part of proposed wind farm site 

Appendices 

Appendix I: 

Gazetteer of Sites of Archaeological/Historical Interest 


May 2012 

ii 

Cloich Wind Farm

Summary 

This archaeological desk-based assessment has been prepared to inform a forthcoming Environmental 

Statement and planning application for the construction a wind farm within in the Scottish Forestry 

Commission’s Cloich Forest in the north-western Scottish Borders. It has been prepared in accordance 

with the standards and guidelines of the Institute for Archaeologists (IFA), and the latest government 

policy and guidance: Scottish Planning Policy (SPP), Scottish Historic Environment Policy (SHEP), 

Planning Advice Note 2/2011: Planning and Archaeology (PAN 2) and the relevant guidance notes on 

Managing Change in the Historic Environment produced by Historic Scotland (HS). 

The proposed wind farm site lies on upland in the north-western Scottish borders. It lies c.7km north-west 

of Peebles within the Forestry Commission Scotland (FCS) Cloich Forest, a large conifer plantation. The 

hills lie between the Eddleston Valley to the east, the valleys of Cairn Burn to the north-west and Lyne 

Water to the south-west with the Tweed Valley to the south. The site falls just inside the western 

boundary of Eddleston parish. 

The area to the west, south and east of the site is exceptionally rich with prehistoric remains, particularly 

of Bronze and Iron Age settlement and burials. Within the forest the only prehistoric sites identified with 

confidence are Bronze Age cairns on Peat Hill and Whaup Law, possible Bronze Age enclosures within 

forestry in the valley of Flemington Burn and an Iron Age settlement enclosure on the lower eastern 

slopes of Crailzie Hill. 

A Roman road passed along the Tweed valley to the south where there is a fort and marching camp at 

Lyne. In the medieval period, settlement was focussed along the Peebles-Edinburgh road which ran 

alongside Eddleston Water to the east of the site. During this period, the wind farm site fell within the 

estates of the Black Barony, based at Darnhall on the west side of Eddleston Village. Mapping from the 

seventeenth century onwards reveals the presence of farmsteads in valleys around the uplands of the 

Cloich Hills including Courhope that falls within the wind farm boundaries. There is some evidence for 

contraction of farming in the area by the mid-eighteenth century. Throughout this period and into the later 

twentieth century, the wind farm site would have remained unenclosed upland moor. 

The proposals envisage using existing forestry tracks as a basis for the wind farm layout in order to 

cause as little disruption as possible. The main disturbance to any buried remains will result from the 

construction of the control building and substation, spur roads to the turbines, crane pads adjacent to 

the turbines and turbine foundations. Given that these impacts are almost entirely focussed on upland 

areas above the maximum elevation of prehistoric settlement, physical impacts on sensitive 

archaeological remains seems unlikely. It is likely that some deeper patches of peat, notably beside 

Peat Hill, may be disturbed by the proposed development. 


May 2012 

iii 

Cloich Wind Farm

1 Introduction 

1.1 Origin and Scope of the Report 

1.1.1 This desk-based assessment report has been prepared in support of an Environmental Impact 

Assessment undertaken in connection with proposals for a wind farm in Cloich Forest on the 

Cloich Hills in the northern Scottish Borders, c.6km north-west of Peebles (Figure 1). The 

report primarily considers potential direct physical impacts of the proposals on any 

archaeological remains that may exist on the site. Issues relating to the setting of designated 

heritage assets in the area will be assessed in the Environmental Statement. 

1.1.2 The conclusions and recommendations of this report are made in the context of PAN 2 

published in July 2011. 

1.1.3 The Institute of Field Archaeologists (IFA) has published various Standard and Guidance 

papers and clearly differentiates between 'Desk-based Assessments' and 'Field Evaluations' 

(IFA 1994a, 1994b). Mutually exclusive use of these terms avoids the confusion that can be 

caused by references to assessment reports as ‘evaluations’, a term that is more often used to 

refer to trial investigations on site. 

1.2 Aims and Objectives 

1.2.1 The IFA Standard (1994a) states that the purpose of a desk-based assessment 

is so that appropriate responses can be made, which may consist of one or 

more of the following: 

 

 

 

the formulation of a strategy to ensure the recording, preservation or 

management of the resource; 

the formulation of a strategy for further investigation, whether or not 

intrusive, where the character and value of the resource is not sufficiently 

defined to permit a mitigation strategy or other response to be devised; 

the formulation of a project design for further archaeological investigation 

within a programme of research. 

1.2.2 In accordance with the IFA Standard definition of a Desk-based Assessment (IFA 1994), this 

report seeks to identify and assess the known and potential archaeological resource within a 

specified area (‘the site’), collating existing written and graphic information and taking full account 

of the likely nature and extent of previous impacts on the site, in order to identify the likely 


May 2012 

1 

Cloich Wind Farm, Scottish Borders

character, extent, quantity and worth of that resource in a regional and national context as 

appropriate. 

1.2.3 A further objective is to define and comment on the likely impact of works (e.g. site 

clearance/reduction, construction, infrastructure etc) resulting from the proposed scheme on the 

surviving archaeological resource. 

1.2.4 PAN 2 (paragraphs 14-20) delineates a process that requires developers to identify and describe 

historic assets that may be affected by their proposals and to assess the likely impacts on them. 

In Paragraph 20, it is stated that Desk Based Assessment (DBA) may provide sufficient 

information to allow authorities to make a planning decision. 

1.2.5 The desk-based assessment forms an initial stage of assessment. If the archaeological potential 

warrants, this may lead to evaluation by fieldwork within the defined development area. 

1.2.6 With reference to this guidance the specific objectives of this report are to: 

 

 

 

 

summarise relevant planning information; 

outline the archaeological resources on the site; 

identify the most significant impacts likely to result from the development proposals; 

recommend the need for further baseline data collection or identify possible mitigation 

measures to offset any such impacts. 

1.3 Methodology 

1.3.1 The format of the report is adapted from the Institute of Field Archaeologists Standard and 

Guidance paper (IFA 1994a). 

1.3.2 In summary, the work has involved: 

 

 

 

 

 

identifying the client’s objectives; 

identifying the appropriate sources available for consultation; 

assembling, consulting and examining those sources; 

consulting specialists as appropriate; 

walking over the proposal site. 

1.3.3 A number of sources were consulted for the desk-based assessment of the site, principally: 

 

The Scottish Borders Council Historic Environment Record; 


May 2012 

2 


The library and aerial photographic collection at the Royal Commission of Ancient and 

Historic Monuments of Scotland (RCAHMS) including the online portal to the aerial 

photographic collection (TARA); 

Canmore, the online RCAHMS database (the National Monuments Record of Scotland); 

GIS data on designated heritage assets provided by Historic Scotland through 

PASTMAP, their online portal; 

Other on-line sources including digitised historic maps on the website of the National 

Library of Scotland and Google Earth 

1.3.4 Other sources are listed in the Bibliography. 

1.3.5 The extent to which archaeological remains actually survive is generally very limited within 

forestry, so the effect of previous planting and associated forestry activities is assessed from a 

study of available information. 

1.3.6 In order for the appropriate archaeological response/s to be identified, some consideration is 

given to the need for further assessment and evaluation by fieldwork in order to identify and 

locate surviving archaeological deposits/remains. 

1.3.7 There have not been any restrictions on reporting. 

1.3.8 Under the Copyright, Designs and Patents Act 1988, RPS Planning, Transport and Environment 

retains the copyright to this document. 


May 2012 

3 


2 Legislative and Planning Framework 

2.1 National Legislation and Policy Guidance 

2.1.1 Legislative frameworks provide protection to the historic environment while planning policy 

guidance provides advice concerning how the historic environment should be addressed within 

the planning process. 

2.1.2 The UK is a signatory of the Valletta Convention which requires legal protection of the 

archaeological heritage. 

2.1.3 Statutory protection for archaeology is principally enshrined in the Ancient Monuments and 

Archaeological Areas Act (1979). Nationally important archaeological sites are listed in a 

Schedule of Monuments and are accorded statutory protection. 

2.1.4 For other components of the historic environment, the Planning (Listed Buildings and 

Conservation Areas) (Scotland) Act (1997) provides statutory protection to listed buildings and 

their settings and present measures to designate and preserve the character and appearance 

of Conservation Areas. 

2.1.5 The Town and Country Planning (Development Management Procedure) (Scotland) 

Regulations (2008) requires planning authorities to consult Scottish Ministers on ‘development 

which may affect…a garden or designed landscape’. Historic Scotland’s views are a material 

consideration in planning determinations affecting such sites. An Inventory of Gardens and 

Designed Landscapes in Scotland was originally published by Historic Scotland in 1987-88 

and has been supplemented since. The full up-to-date list is available on the Pastmap website. 

2.1.6 Scottish Planning Policy (February 2010) includes a section providing advice concerning the 

safeguarding of the historic environment within the planning process. It states that those parts 

of the historic environment that, ‘when significant elements of the historic environment are 

likely to be affected by development proposals, developers should take the preservation of this 

significance into account in their proposals’. 

2.1.7 Scottish Historic Environment Policy (SHEP) was published in July 2009 and provides detailed 

guidance to planning authorities when considering planning applications that affect the historic 

environment. It states that ‘the challenge for sustainable management of the historic 

environment…is to identify its key characteristics and to establish the boundaries within which 

change can continue so that it enhances rather than diminishes historic character’. 

2.1.8 These policy documents are supported by PAN 2, ‘Planning and Archaeology’, published in 

July 2011. This sets out the responsibilities of planning authorities to protect archaeological 


May 2012 

4 


emains, balancing ‘the benefits of the development against the importance of archaeological 

features’. It states the need for Historic Scotland to be consulted when scheduled monuments 

are directly affected. In paragraph 14 it further states that the objective of planners ‘should be 

to assure the protection and enhancement of monuments by preservation in situ in an 

appropriate setting (perhaps with a degree of interpretation)’. 

2.1.9 When considering the impacts of wind farms on the settings of historic assets, the key 

guidance is Historic Scotland’s guidance on Setting published in October 2010. This provides 

general guidance to how to define setting and assess the impacts of development proposals 

on the settings of heritage assets. 

2.2 Local Planning Policy 

Scottish Borders Structure Plan 

2.2.1 The policies set out below relating to the historic environment relevant to this application were 

published in Scottish Border’s Structure Plan 2001-2018. 

2.2.2 Policy N14 National Archaeological Sites 

Development proposals, which would destroy or adversely affect the appearance, fabric or 

setting of Scheduled Ancient Monuments or other nationally important sites not yet scheduled 

will not be permitted unless: 

(i) the development offers substantial benefits, including those of a social or economic nature, 

that clearly outweigh the national value of the site, 

(ii) there are no reasonable alternative means of meeting that development need, and 

(iii) the proposal includes a mitigation strategy acceptable to the Council. 

2.2.3 Policy N15 Regional and Local Archaeological Sites 

Development proposals which will adversely affect an archaeological site of regional or local 

significance will only be permitted if it can be demonstrated that the benefits of the proposal 

will clearly outweigh the archaeological value of the site or feature. 

2.2.4 Policy N16 Archaeological Evaluation, Preservation and Recording 

Where there is reasonable evidence of the existence of archaeological remains, but their 

nature and extent are unknown, the Council may require an Archaeological Evaluation to 

provide clarification of the potential impact of a development before a planning decision is 

reached. Where development is approved which would damage an archaeological site or 

feature, the Council will require that such development is carried out in accordance with a 


May 2012 

5 


strategy designed to minimise the impact of development upon the archaeology and to ensure 

that a complete record is made of any remains which would otherwise be damaged by the 

development. Such a strategy might include some or all of the following: 

(i) the preservation of remains in situ and in an appropriate setting, 

(ii) surface or geophysical survey, 

(iii) archaeological excavation, 

(iv) study of the excavated evidence and publication of the results. 

The preferred solution will be influenced by the value of the site in national, regional or local 

terms 

2.2.5 Policy N17 – Listed Buildings 

This policy includes the following paragraphs: 

The Council will seek to preserve the character of Listed Buildings, their setting and related 

fixtures, and will encourage their repair and the re-use of vacant or derelict listed buildings 

wherever possible. 

Proposed alterations to listed buildings, their setting and related fixtures, will only be permitted 

where such alterations maintain and preferably enhance the special architectural or historic 

quality of the building. 

2.2.6 Policy D4 – Renewable Energy Development 

Within this policy it is stated that renewable energy projects will be approved provided that 

there are no unacceptable impacts on, amongst other things, ‘built environment and 

archaeological heritage’. 

Scottish Borders Consolidated Local Plan 

2.2.6 The policies set out below relating to the historic environment relevant to this application were 

published in Scottish Border’s Consolidated Local Plan in 2010, which combined the existing 

Local Plan published in 2008 with an amendment published in 2010. 

2.2.7 Policy BE1 relating to listed buildings includes this clause: 

4. New development that adversely affects the setting of a Listed Building will not be permitted. 

2.2.8 Policy BE2 on Archaeological Sites and Ancient Monuments states that: 

Where development proposals impact on a Scheduled Ancient Monument, other nationally 

important sites not yet scheduled, or any other archaeological or historical site, developers will 


May 2012 

6 


e required to carry out detailed investigations to ensure compliance with Structure Plan 

policies N14, N15 and N16. 

2.2.9 Policy BE3 relating to Gardens and Designed Landscapes states that: 

Development will be refused where it has an unacceptable adverse impact on the landscape 

features, character or setting of: 

1 sites listed in the Inventory of Gardens and Designed Landscapes, 

2 any additional sites that may be included in any revised Inventory in course of preparation 

by Historic Scotland or other designator bodies, or 

3 historic gardens and designed landscapes recorded in the Council’s Sites and Monuments 

Record. 

Where development is approved, it should enhance the design and setting of the garden or 

designed landscape. All development should be carefully sited, of the highest standards 

design using appropriate finishing materials and planting, to fit in with the existing landscape 

structure and boundary enclosures. 

Local Planning Guidance 

Scottish Historic Land-Use Assessment 

2.2 The HLA (http://hla.rcahms.gov.uk/) is a mapped analysis of past and present land-sue in 

Scotland. Only the northern portion of Cloich Forest has been characterised up to the present, 

although it seems likely that the landscape categories for this area are likely to apply to the 

whole proposed wind farm site. They are as follows: 

 

 

20 th century coniferous forestry; 

Rough grazing in an area of upland moorland dating from prehistory to the present. 

Area/Monument designations within the Area of Proposed 

development 

2.3 Scheduled monuments within 1km of the nearest of the proposed wind turbines are as follows: 

 

A scheduled cairn on the summit of Whaup Law (Figure 1, site 43; SM no.2755). 

c.300m south of turbine B. This lies within the FCSFCS forest but a small clearing was 

left in the planting around it; 


May 2012 

7 


Two pairs of ring enclosures within and planted over by the FCS forest, identified 

variously as remains of Middle Bronze Age cemeteries and relatively recent sheep 

enclosures, on the west side of Flemington Burn northeast of Courhope (sites 48-49, 

SM no.2756), c.400m south-east of Turbine I and nearly 500m north-west of Turbine 

N; 

Two ring enclosures with an adjacent small mound (site 69; SM no.2734) on the west 

side of Flemington Burn at the foot of Green Knowe immediately west of Cloich 

Forest; 

Remains of an Iron Age enclosed settlement (c.65m x 35m) with an annexe on the 

east of Crailzie Hill within and planted over by the FCS forest, c.500m east of Turbine 

R half a mile west of Nether Stewarton on the north-east side of Crailzie Hill (site 87, 

SM no.3998); 

A group of Iron Age enclosed settlements and associated features lying in clearances 

within and on the fringes of non-FCS commercial conifer plantations to the south of 

the FCS Cloich Forest plantation on and around Crailzie and Harehope Hills. The 

nearest of these are a two-phase banked enclosure containing remains of round 

houses of late Iron Age/Roman period date on Crailzie Hill partially excavated in 1960 

(site 47, SM no.2759), c.800m from the nearest turbine and a smaller enclosure 

c.200m further to the south-west (site 89; SM no.3790). 


May 2012 

8 


3 Baseline Data 

3.1 Topography, Geology and Soils 

3.1.1 The proposed wind farm site lies in the Cloich Hills in the upland belt south of Edinburgh on 

the fringes of Upper Tweedale. The landscape of the area comprises a series of ridges 

running SSW-NNE bordered by Lyne Water to the west and south and Eddlestone water to the 

east. Much of the area has traditionally been unenclosed upland, only lowland areas below 

c.300m to either side being fully cultivated. 

3.1.2 The central part of the hills, comprising (from south to north) Crailzie Hill, Ewe Hill, Whaup Law 

and Peat Hill, were planted with conifer forestry, largely by the Forestry Commission Scotland 

(FCS), in the later 1950’s and early 1960’s. The proposed wind farm will be constructed within 

the FCS forestry in this area, largely using existing forestry tracks, with turbines on the northeastern 

side of Crailzie Hill, on Ewe Hill, Whaup Law and on the summit and north-western 

slopes of Peat Hill. 

3.1.3 The underlying geology is the Kirkcolm Formation, an Ordovician grewacke sandstone. Across 

the higher parts of the hills, the soils above bedrock are thin and peaty, while on lower ground 

the drift geology is a locally derived glacial till. In some areas there are patches of thicker peat, 

notably in the saddle between Whaup Law and Peat Hill where it reaches over a metre in 

depth. 

Archaeology 

Early Prehistoric (c.10000-c.4500BC) 

3.1.4 The earliest known archaeological remains from the area date from the Mesolithic period 

(Figure 1: sites 1-7, 113). These are all observations of evidence for stone tool-making, either 

in the form of sources of chert - outcrops/screes and a possible quarry site (sites 1-3 & 113) – 

or of lithic scatters including microliths (sites 4-7). These sites are – typically for the Mesolithic 

– located largely in valleys and close to sources of water. 

Neolithic (c.4500-c.2500BC) 

3.1.5 The remains of confirmed Neolithic date in the vicinity area of the proposed wind farm are 

largely confined to a scatter of arrowheads and polished axes (sites 8-10, 12, 14). These finds 

are again grouped in the surrounding valleys, with a possible long-barrow in beside Shiplaw 

Burn to the north-east of the site (site 11). The group of stray finds in the Meldon Valley may 


May 2012 

9 


well be significant, as a major late Neolithic palisaded site exists at the confluence of the 

Meldon Burn and Lyne Water c.5km south of the proposed wind farm (SM no.3269) suggests 

that this area may have been a significant social and political centre by the middle of the third 

millennium BC. Further evidence for this comes from the excavations carried out on Early 

Bronze Age hut platforms and burial cairns at Green Knowe in the Upper Meldon Valley in 

1977 and 1978. C-14 dates from these excavations indicate human activity in this area going 

back into the first half of the third millennium BC (Jobey 1981, 98). That said there is no 

evidence for any such activity within, or even close to, the boundaries of the proposed wind 

farm. 

Bronze Age (c.2500BC-c.800BC) 

3.1.6 As described above, there is good evidence to indicate that the Meldon Valley was already a 

centre for human settlement and communal activity by the late Neolithic. This continues into 

the Early Bronze Age/Beaker period, exemplified by the unenclosed settlement at Green 

Knowe. This site comprises at least 9 hut platforms, two burial cairns and traces of clearance 

cairns/field boundaries on the lower western slopes of the valley. (Feachem, 1961; Jobey 

1981). The excavated cairn displayed two clear developmental phases represented by an 

inner kerb and a secondary outer kerb. Traces of some 12 burials were found beneath these 

monuments, with C14 dates ranging from c.2350 BC to c.1560 BC. 

3.1.7 The houses proved to be slightly later, with dates ranging throughout the second half of the 

second millennium BC. The date and character of the Green Knowe platforms is very much in 

keeping with what has been observed elsewhere in the Scottish lowlands and can be applied 

with a reasonable level of confidence to two other ‘unenclosed settlements’ of similar character 

to the western slopes of Black Meldon on the other side of the valley (sites 52 & 53). The same 

can very probably be said of the individual and small groups of hut circles clustered around the 

Meldons nearby (sites 52, 53, 72 & 73). Further afield, more scattered examples have been 

identified across the upland to the north, with two sites in the valley of Flemington Burn 

immediately west of Cloich Forest, one of which is associated with two adjacent burial cairns 

(sites 69 & 70). 

3.1.8 There are three possible hut circle sites within the FCS forest: two 750-900m east of Turbine E 

(sites 61 & 62), both of which have been severely damaged or destroyed by tree planting and a 

third close to the main access track at the northern end of the forest (site 60). With these sites 

as with many others of this type, the interpretation of their date and function is open to 

question as they resemble post-medieval sheepfolds and it is often impossible to tell the 

difference without excavation. 

3.1.9 In a distribution that echoes that of the Bronze Age hut circles, there are around twenty 

individual or groups of probable burial cairns around the proposed wind farm site, thirteen of 

which are, or fall within, scheduled monuments. Again the main concentration falls around the 


May 2012 

10 


Meldon Valley, with groups in non-FCS coniferous forestry immediately south-east of the wind 

farm boundary (sites 26, 39 & 41), a further group lying in the valley floor close to and within 

the unenclosed settlement at Green Knowe (sites 36-38, 40, 42 & 51), and a large cairn on the 

summit of White Meldon (site 55). 

3.1.10 A further group of cairns lie in the valley of the Flemington Burn to the west of Cloich Forest 

(sites 57, 69 & 70) indicating the likely presence of significant Bronze Age settlement in this 

area. In the valley of Eddleston Water to the east of the hills, there is a rough east-west 

alignment of cairns (sites 30-32 & 67) on the undulating higher ground to the west of the burn. 

Approximately 1.5km further north, there are a group of Middle Bronze Age cist burials 

immediately north of Eddleston village (sites 27-29). These funerary monuments provide 

reminders that this prime cultivatable land in the valley is also likely to have seen extensive 

settlement in the second millennium BC. 

3.1.11 Within the wind farm site there are two cairns, lying within the forestry, on the summits of 

Whaup Law and Peat Hill (sites 43 & 35 respectively). The first of these sites (c.350m east of 

the nearest turbine) is a substantial mound lying within a small clearance in the forest which 

almost entirely screens it from external views at present. The Peat Hill cairn (c.450m east of 

the nearest turbine) has been planted over and is in poor condition. It was de-scheduled in 

2000 as a result. Immediately to the west of the forest at this point there is another hilltop cairn 

on Wether Law (site 34) which again is scheduled. Finally, there are two unscheduled cairns 

beside the forestry track just inside the entrance to the FCS forest (site 25). 

3.1.12 A few scattered stray finds of Late Bronze Age metalwork – a cauldron (site 30) and two 

bronze axes (sites 45 and 47) – reinforce the impression of a densely inhabited Bronze Age 

landscape. 

3.1.13 One further class of monuments of probable Bronze Age date found in the area are the many 

burnt mounds. These piles of burnt stone result from using heated rocks (‘potboilers’) to heat 

water and is frequently associated with the Late Bronze Age, although examples are known in 

Britain from the Early Bronze Age into the Iron Age. As a result they almost always are found 

close to water and frequently beside springs. In the landscape around the Cloich Hills, the 

main concentration of known sites is on the headwaters of streams feeding eastwards into 

Meldon Burn (sites 16-18, 22-24 & 64). Other examples have been found in the Eddleston 

Valley to the west and north-west of the village (sites, 15, 19 & 20). 

3.1.14 The overall picture from this exceptionally rich group of Bronze Age sites is of a significant 

centre of population in the Meldon Valley going back as far as the Late Neolithic period. There 

are also strong indicators that this settlement extended into the valley of Flemington Burn, 

immediately to the west of Cloich Forest, and into Eddleston Valley to the east. There is a 

noticeable distribution bias in the settlement evidence towards south-east facing slopes. There 


May 2012 

11 


may have been a significant east-west routeway through Courhope Valley connecting 

Flemington Burn and the Eddleston Valley, to the south of Ewe Hill, even at this early date. 

3.1.15 There are relatively few indicators of Bronze Age activity within the area of the wind farm itself 

with the exception of the cairns on Whaup Law and Peat Hill. A possible exception are two 

pairs of oval banked enclosures, both scheduled, on the west side of Flemington Burn to the 

north-east of Courhope farm and c.400m east of Turbine I (sites 48-49). These have been 

tentatively interpreted as Middle Bronze Age cemeteries, although they are marked on early 

OS maps as sheep pens. They are now covered with forestry and have been substantially 

damaged by tree planting. Any remains of Bronze Age settlement that do fall within the forest 

are most likely to lie on the lower, east-facing slopes of the hills and are therefore unlikely to 

be directly affected by the construction of the wind farm. In addition to these sites there are a 

series of earthworks shown on the First Edition OS survey – labelled as ‘old sheepfold’ or ‘old 

quarries’ – north and south of these enclosures and extending to the north-east on the west 

side of Early Burn (Figure 1: sites 61 & 62; Figure 7). It seems quite possible that some if not 

all of these sites are actually the remains of prehistoric, and quite likely Bronze Age, 

settlement. 

Iron Age/Roman (c. 700BC-AD400) 

3.1.16 Across the region of central/southern Scotland there is a marked change in settlement pattern 

from around the seventh century BC onwards, with the disappearance of the open settlements 

with associated field systems of the Bronze Age to the largely enclosed and fortified 

settlements that characterise the Iron Age. 

3.1.17 There are two main categories of defended Iron Age settlement in the vicinity of the wind farm: 

enclosed settlements, which are generally in lowland locations and normally close to water, 

and the larger, often more heavily fortified hillforts situated on elevated spurs and hilltops. 

There is an unusual concentration of both in the area. In some cases – such as Upper Kidsdon 

(site 79) – the distinction between the two categories becomes blurred. As in the case of the 

preceding Bronze Age settlement their distribution is concentrated towards the southern end of 

the Cloich Hills and continues to and beyond the Tweed Valley to the south. 

3.1.18 There are 15 ‘enclosed settlements’ lying within 3km of the proposed turbines. All but one of 

these lie in the valleys of Flemington Burn, Meldon Burn or Eddleston Water to the south of the 

peaks of Hag Law and Ewe Hill. 

3.1.19 The Meldon Valley again was a focus for settlement with eight enclosed settlements and two 

hillforts focussed on the area immediately around the two Meldons. The only one of these sites 

to be investigated is a two-phase enclosed settlement on Crailzie Hill (site 47) partially 

excavated in 1960 (Feachem 1962). This identified evidence for two phases of revetted earth 

defences and internal multi-phase round houses. The date was clearly Iron Age but no more 

precise dating was recovered. This settlement is part of a group situated in the upper parts of 


May 2012 

12 


Lyne and Harehope Burns (sites 81, 87, 89 and 121). These largely lie in clearings in non-FCS 

forestry around Harehope Farm. A northern outlier – Nether Stewarton (site 87) – falls within 

the boundaries of the wind farm and lies c.500m south-east of the proposed position of 

Turbine R. 

3.1.20 On White Meldon there are three further enclosed settlements, as well as the hillfort itself (site 

75), one of the largest in the region with traces of three phases of use. There are two wellpreserved 

settlements on the lower western slopes of the hill with walls and traces of internal 

structures (sites 52 & 58) and the large defended settlement of Upper Kidston on the northeastern 

slopes (site 79). There is also a smaller, single-phase hillfort on the summit of Black 

Meldon to the west (site 80). 

3.1.21 There is a second concentration of Iron Age settlement around Flemington Burn to the west, 

which is dominated by the hillfort on Whiteside Hill (site 78), which again has three phases of 

use. Two enclosed settlements have been identified in the valley to the east (sites 77 & 82). To 

the east there are a further group of sites in Eddleston Valley around Wormiston Burn, 

although these are much less easy to see as their visible remains have largely been destroyed 

by ploughing (sites 66, 68, 86 & 88). On the east side of the valley opposite these sites is 

another multi-phase hillfort, Milkieston Rings (site 107). 

3.1.22 Some 8km south of the proposals, on the south side of the Tweed Valley, are two wellpreserved 

hillforts on Cademuir Hill (sites 104 & 105). None of these sites have been 

excavated so little is known about their chronology. A number of the hillforts contain visible 

traces of multiple round houses. 

3.1.23 This exceptional concentration of Iron Age remains again suggests that this area was a major 

social and political centre. It has led to the suggestion that Sheriffmuir, at the confluence of 

Lyne Water and the Tweed, may have been Segloes, the central hosting place of the regional 

Iron Age tribe, the Selgovae (Jobey 1981, 73). 

3.1.24 It is highly likely that the many of the sites described above were occupied during the ‘Roman 

period’, which, in this part of Scotland, was sporadic with nominal administrative control in 

parts of the first and mid-second centuries following the construction of the Antonine Wall. The 

marching camp and fort in the base of the valley of Lyne Water, c.5km south of the proposed 

wind farm, were constructed during this period. They were stations on an east-west road that 

ran along the Tweed Valley connecting a north south-route running through Clydesdale with 

Dere Street at Newstead to the east. The presence of these military installations at the heart of 

an area of Iron Age settlement cannot have been a coincidence, presumably reflecting a 

desire by the Romans to keep control of the local tribes. 

3.1.25 Early Historic (c. AD400-c.1200) 


May 2012 

13 


3.1.26 In the centuries after Roman rule, it seems likely that a number of the ‘Iron Age’ enclosed 

settlements described above continued in use. A late twelfth century description of bounds of 

an estate near Harehope mentions ‘Old Castlestead’, which appears to refer to Harehope 

Rings (site 121) discussed above. This may indicate some degree of folk memory of its former 

status (Harrison 2003, 6). 

3.1.27 Eddleston Parish is first documented in the early twelfth century as Pentajacob, a Cumbric 

name that suggests a possible connection with the early Scottish kingdom of Strathclyde 

indicating that the seventh century Northumbrian conquest of the Borders had a significant 

influence on the area. In the vicinity of Cloich Forest the presence of multiple Old English place 

names with the suffixes –ton (enclosure/homestead) and –hope (valley), suggests a focus of 

Anglian settlement in the southern part of the parish. These place names also imply that 

settlements such as Stewarton and ‘Killeboccestoun’, a former estate in the vicinity of 

Harehope Farm, have early medieval origins (Harrison 2003, 21). The widespread use of – 

hope in the valleys at this end of the Cloich Hills (Harehope, Millhope, Wide Hope, Courhope, 

Muirhope) further emphasises the point. 

3.1.28 The route up the Eddleston Valley to Edinburgh, the strategic key to control of the main eastwest 

and north-south routes, would have become of increasing importance with the 

development of the regional Scottish kingdoms of the early medieval period. A church at 

Eddleston is known to have existed by 1170, as it is recorded in the archives of Glasgow 

Cathedral who owned much of the land in the area at this time. 

3.1.29 Following the battle of Carham in 1018 the Gaelic Scots took control of the region and 

installed a new landowning aristocracy. This is echoed in the change of name of the parish by 

1170 to Gillemorestun , originating from the Gallic name Gille Moire. Up to this time the parish 

appears largely to have been owned by Glasgow Cathedral, who now transferred it for a period 

of 15 years to Richard de Moreville, one of the most powerful of the Norman nobles who 

controlled much of the Borders at this period. An ongoing local Anglian influence, and 

presumably population, is indicated by the fact that he, in turn, granted it to one Edulf, son of 

Utred. 

Medieval (c.1200-1700) 

3.1.30 A document of c. 1200 describes in detail the boundaries of Killebeccokestun, a part of 

Harehope, seemingly immediately south of the proposed wind farm site. This document, in 

which Ellen de Moreville grants the land to Melrose Abbey, provides an exceptional insight into 

the landscape at this period (Harrison 2003, 8). Beside the reference to the Old Castlestead 

already mentioned, it mentions ‘the march between the ploughland and the moor’. This implies 

that the formal distinction between the common pastureland of the moor and the more fertile 

ground of the valley, suitable for arable crops, was well-established by this point in time, and 

probably marked by a bank and ditch (the ‘march’). This document among others indicates a 


May 2012 

14 


mixed farming economy, with the raising of cattle and sheep and the growing of oats and 

barley as staple crops. 

3.1.31 The area of the proposed wind farm would largely have been open moorland/grassland at this 

time. The only part of the site where there may have been occupation is where the Flemington 

Burn cuts through into the Cloich uplands at Courhope, where settlement is first documented 

in the fifteenth century. This route is known to have been used by the Cross Borders drove 

road (site 114), one of the most important in the region, which connected Falkirk and West 

Linton to England via Peebles. It seems likely that the Peebles-Edinburgh road was the main 

focus of settlement in Eddleston throughout the medieval period, with the church, a mill and 

the tower houses of the White Barony (Hopetoun) and Black Barony (Darnhall) all located 

close to the modern village of Eddleston. 

3.1.32 Various ecclesiastical institutions retained control of much of the parish until the later 

fourteenth century when the process of feuing began, which involved breaking up the land into 

multiple small tenancies. It seems likely that many farms, probably including Courhope, were 

established at this time, which saw increasing pressure for cultivation around the fringes of 

common pasture as settlement multiplied and spread. There are records of mills at Cloich in 

the early fifteenth century and at Courhope in 1481. By 1500, it seems that the majority of the 

farms that can be seen on the earliest accurate mapping were already in existence, including 

Stewarton, Harehope, Courhope and Cloich (Harrison 2003, 18). The increased pressure on 

land at this time is further manifested by action taken by the Murrays of Black Barony against 

tenants grazing and cutting peat on moorland at Stewarton and Pastmure Hill that fell under 

their control. 

3.1.33 The same period saw the development of the White Barony which controlled extensive estates 

in the later fourteenth and fifteenth centuries. This was succeeded in the later fifteenth century 

by the Black Barony based at Darnhall (now the Barony Hotel) on the edge of Eddleston, 

owned by the Murray family who dominated the parish until the later eighteenth century. 

3.1.34 The sixteenth century was a period of insecurity in the borders with frequent raiding from the 

south. Among other things this led to the development of tower houses, with documented 

examples at Darnhall (the Black Barony), Over Kidston and Stewarton. The humbler homes of 

farming tenants seem to have remained largely turf until the later seventeenth century when 

rebuilding in stone became more widespread. 

3.1.35 The first clear evidence for the development of the area in the later medieval period is 

provided by early maps. The earliest of these - Robert Gordon’s map of the mid-sixteenth 

century (Figure 3) – marks a series of properties along Eddleston Valley, many of which have 

survived to the present: Kidston, Cringletie, Wormiston, Darnhall, Sheepel (Shiplaw) - although 

it does not show any detail of the uplands to the west. By contrast the Blaeu Atlas a century 

later (Figure 4) shows the Cloich Hills and a number of farms on their eastern side including 


May 2012 

15 


Stewarton and a property labelled Pratsell which can probably be identified with the farmstead 

recently surveyed in the east side of Kilrubie Hill (site 122). It also shows the farms at 

Courhope, labelled as ‘Kourhup Hill’, and Cloich (Farm). 

Post-Medieval (c.1707-present) 

3.1.36 In 1732, a large part of the Black Barony estate was sold to the second Earl of Portmore, who 

established his estate centre on the east side of Eddleston Valley. Courhope, Cloich and 

Shiplaw are mentioned in the sale documents of the time. 

3.1.37 Roy’s military map of 1755 (Figure 5) is the earliest detailed topographic survey of the area. 

This shows farmsteads at Harehope, Stewarton, and Upper Stewarton in the same locations 

as today, although ‘Pratsell’, the farmstead on Kilrubie Hill (site 122) is not marked and had 

presumably been abandoned by this time. Courhope is also marked in a similar position to the 

present building, although there is no trace of cultivation around it. By contrast aerial 

photography shows an extended area of rig and furrow running along the west-facing slopes 

immediately to the east of Courhope, possibly indicating that the area of cultivation associated 

with the farm had formerly been more extensive, very likely in the fifteenth and sixteenth 

centuries. The same source indicates the presence of what appears to be a turbary – 

systematic peat–cutting – immediately west of the farmstead, although its date is not known. 

Thus there is evidence from two local farmsteads of contraction by the mid-eighteenth century. 

3.1.38 Fingland on the east side of Green Knowe, immediately west of the wind farm site, is shown 

apparently immediately to the west of Flemington Burn rather than its present position half way 

up the slope (site 120), although this may well be the result of a minor mapping inaccuracy. 

3.1.39 Further north Roy’s map shows a group of small farmsteads, surrounded by traces of cord and 

rig cultivation, around the headwaters of Cowieslinn and Middle Burns to the north of Peat Hill. 

These include: 

 

 

Fadenbegg – this appears to be identifiable with an old plantation of deciduous trees on 

the west side of Middle Burn that has been avoided by the forestry planting and can readily 

be identified by the surrounding drystone walls (site 118). This attribution is supported by 

the presence of rig and furrow immediately to the north-east visible on pre-forestry aerial 

photographs (site 119). It lies c.150m south-west of proposed Turbine A; 

Bentside – the true location of this is unclear but it may well be identifiable with ‘Grassfield’ 

(site 110) – which survives as the remains of a cottage, byre and dovecote in a clearing 

within the forestry on the north side of a track leading west from the FCS forest. 

3.1.40 Otherwise the area of the proposed wind farm is shown as unenclosed upland. Greenfield’s 

map of 1775 adds little to this picture. The only possible exception is a cairn marked as Cala 

Cairn on a hill north of Whaup Law. It is likely, given its location, that this refers to the cairn on 

Peat Hill but it might indicate the presence of a cairn on Cala Law to the west. 


May 2012 

16 


3.1.41 The first edition OS map of the area surveyed in 1856 shows the landscape largely as 

described by Roy (Figures 6-7). The farms at Harehope, Nether Stewarton and Upper 

Stewarton are clearly shown. The former site of Pratsell Farm is shown as an area of improved 

grassland on the east side of Kilrubie Hill labelled as Pratstile Rig. The farmstead at Courhope 

is marked to the south of Flemington Burn with improved grassland immediately to the northwest 

and traces of old and apparently abandoned areas of cultivation to south and east. 

Fingland farmstead (site 120) with adjacent enclosures of improved land is shown on the 

eastern slopes of Green Knowe to the west of Cloich Forest. 

3.1.42 The area of the proposed turbine locations and tracks lies almost entirely on areas that were 

unenclosed moorland at this date. The only features of note, other than the prehistoric 

monuments described above, are various groups of gravel pits (e.g. site 113) and numerous 

whinstone quarries (sites 115 & 117). Either side of Peat Hill there are small historic 

plantations of deciduous trees surrounded by drystone walls (sites 116 & 118). The one to the 

north (118) almost certainly represents the remains of Fadenbegg farmstead shown on the 

Roy map. 

3.1.43 While modernisation changed Peebles and the Eddleston Valley with the coming of the railway 

in 1855, the wind farm site seemingly remained largely unchanged until the planting of the 

forestry plantations in the late 1950’s and 1960’s. 


May 2012 

17 


4 Previous Impacts 

4.1 The elevated location of the proposed wind development means that it lies almost entirely on 

areas of upland that have never seen human settlement which has tended to aggregate in the 

surrounding valleys, where the soils are deeper and more fertile and water is more accessible. 

These areas have, as a consequence, not historically been cultivated leading to the 

exceptional preservation of prehistoric landscapes (notably in the Meldon Valley) that 

characterises the area. Early OS mapping suggests that fairly extensive remains of Bronze 

and Iron Age settlement may have survived along the valleys of Flemington Burn and Middle 

Burn into the second half of the twentieth century. 

4.2 The planting of commercial forestry across the Cloich Hills in the early 1960’s has seriously 

damaged the relatively ephemeral surface remains of such sites to the extent that they are 

now largely invisible on the surface. However, excavation of a Bronze Age hut platform at 

Green Knowe, that had been planted with forestry using a deep plough, showed that the buried 

remains were still partially intact despite the impact of ploughing (Jobey 1981, 22-23). 


May 2012 

18 


5 Assessment of Archaeological Potential 

5.1 The criteria used in this section are based on definitions set out in Annex 1-5 of SHEP (2009): 

 

 

 

 

 

National: the highest status of site e.g. Scheduled Monuments, Listed Buildings Category 

A, well-preserved historic landscapes; registered Historic Battlefields; registered Historic 

Parks and Gardens; 

Regional: the bulk of sites with reasonable evidence of occupation, ritual, industry etc., 

Listed Buildings Category B, reasonably preserved historic landscapes; 

Local: sites with some evidence of human activity, but in a fragmentary or poor state, 

Listed Buildings Category C(s), dispersed elements of historic landscapes, Conservation 

Areas; 

Unimportant: destroyed, non-antiquities, random stray finds, buildings of no architectural 

merit; and 

Uncertain: insufficient evidence to judge importance. 

5.2 None of the three nationally designated sites within the wind farm site – Whaup Law Cairn, the 

Nether Stewarton Iron Age enclosed settlement and the enclosures in Flemington Burn to the 

north of Courhope, will be physically affected by the proposals. The setting of Whaup Law 

Cairn will be affected but the precise nature and extent of this impact will depend largely on the 

details of the forestry plan that will accompany the development. The settings of the other two 

scheduled monuments will be subject to little change in the short to medium term owing to the 

fact that they are presently covered with commercial forestry. 

5.4 Sites of regional importance include: 

The Cauldstane Slap drove road (site 114) that runs through the Courhope Valley at 

the southern end of the forest; 

The remains of a prehistoric burial mound in forestry near the top of Peat Hill (site 35) 

5.5 Other non-designated sites of local importance that have been identified within the wind farm 

boundary are as follows: 

 

Courhope (sites 99 & 101)– this farmstead dates back to at least the seventeenth 

century but will not be directly, physically affected by the proposals; 

Fadenbegg (site 118): a small eighteenth century farmstead to the south of Turbine B, 

this is unlikely to be physically affected by the proposals; 


May 2012 

19 


Earthworks on the lower slopes of Whaup Law, now heavily disturbed by ploughing, 

that may represent remains of prehistoric settlement (sites 61 & 62) 


May 2012 

20 


6 Development Proposal and Likely Impacts 

6.1 Introduction 

6.1.1 This report has been prepared for the purposes of internal consultation ahead of finalisation of 

turbine locations, preventing detailed assessment of direct physical or of indirect visual 

impacts on the settings of surrounding designated historic and archaeological sites. This being 

so, the comments made below are generic only. 

6.2 Turbines 

6.2.1 Construction of the 18m-diameter wind turbine foundations down to competent bearing strata 

would remove any archaeological remains that fall within the foundation footprint. Beside each 

turbine site, it will be necessary during construction to lay down an area of hard standing , of 

approximately 1,100 m 2 to support cranes, requiring a topsoil strip to c0.5 m and some level of 

additional cut in advance. The sloping nature of the site will mean that there will need to be 

substantial cut in these areas which will remove any archaeological remains that might survive 

in these locations. 

6.3 Access Tracks 

6.3.1 Access tracks to accommodate the vehicles required to carry the turbine components run 

wherever possible along existing forestry tracks, although new access tracks leading from the 

main track to each proposed turbines will also need to be constructed. The tracks need to be a 

minimum of 5 m wide with localised bend widening up to a maximum width of 13m. Temporary 

passing places (up to 33 m x 4 m) would also be provided every 300 m (or as required) to 

facilitate traffic movements. Topsoil will be stripped to an approximate depth of up to 0.5 m in 

advance of construction. This is likely to disturb underlying archaeological features that may 

exist. 

6.4 Cabling 

6.4.1 Cabling will be laid in trenches c1.000 mm deep and 400 mm to 1,200 mm wide alongside the 

access tracks where possible, connecting the turbines with the transformer kiosk and control 

building. 


May 2012 

21 


6.5 Construction Compound/Control Buildings/Electricity Substation 

6.5.1 The construction compound will be located where the existing forestry track turns south off the 

main access track running westwards from the A703. It will occupy an area of approximately 

1.3 ha. The substation compound will be constructed a further 250m to the south on the east 

side of the forestry track and will cover an area of approximately 0.8 ha. They lie on the lowest 

part of the site at elevations of 310-340m AOD. Both will be stripped of topsoil and levelled 

potentially removing any archaeological remains that might survive at this point. 

7 Conclusions and Recommendations 

7.1 The proposed wind farm site lies in an area of exceptionally well preserved prehistoric 

landscape, most notably in the Meldon Valley to the south and the Flemington Burn to the 

south-west. There is reason to believe that similar remains of settlement and funerary activity 

dating to the Bronze and Iron Ages once existed on the site. Within Cloich Forest, the visible 

surface remains of these sites have been almost entirely destroyed by forestry planting. 

7.2 The proposals envisage using existing forestry tracks as a basis for the wind farm layout in 

order to cause as little disruption as possible. The main disturbance to any buried remains will 

result from the construction of the control building and substation, spur roads to the turbines, 

crane pads adjacent to the turbines and turbine foundations. Given that these impacts are 

almost entirely focussed on upland areas above the maximum elevation of prehistoric 

settlement, physical impacts on sensitive archaeological remains seems unlikely. 

7.3 The only impact of significance on buried remains of archaeological sensitivity would be the 

potential for construction to affect patches of deeper peat, for example, on the access track 

between Peat Hill and Whaup Law, south of Turbine E. Peat deposits preserve remains of 

past environments and can bury early ground surfaces which could retain evidence for 

prehistoric activity. 

7.4 The question of the impact of the proposals on the setting of surrounding designated 

archaeological/historic sites, buildings, parks and gardens will be assessed with the final 

Environmental Statement. 


May 2012 

22 


8 Bibliography 

Baldwin JR. 1989. Exploring Scotland’s Heritage. Lothian and the Borders. RCAHMS. 

Boughey J. March 2011. Kilrubie. A Survey Project undertaken by the Peebleshire Archaeological 

Society.Council of Europe, 1997. 

European Convention on the Protection of the Archaeological Heritage (Revised) 

Feachem, R W. 1960. 'The palisaded settlement at Harehope, Peeblesshire, excavations, 1960', 

Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, vol.93, 174-91. 

Feachem, R W. 1961. 'Unenclosed Platform Settlements', Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of 

Scotland, vol.92, 79-85. 

IFA 1994a Standard and Guidance for Archaeological Desk-based Assessments, Institute of Field 

Archaeologists. 

IFA 1994b Standard and Guidance for Archaeological Evaluations, Institute of Field Archaeologists. 

Jobey, G. 1981. 'Green Knowe unenclosed platform settlement and Harehope cairn, Peeblesshire', 

Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Scotland, vol.110 

HMSO. 1997. Planning (Listed Buildings and Conservation Areas) (Scotland) Act 

HMSO. 2008. Town and Country Planning (Development Management Procedure) (Scotland) 

Regulations 

Landscape Institute/ Institute of Environmental Management and Assessment. 2002. Guidelines for 

Landscape and Visual Impact Assessment (GLVIA). 

Harrison JG. 2003. Eddleston Parish before c.1800 An Interim Report for Peebleshire Archaeological 

Society. Unpublished. 

Historic Scotland. 2009. Scottish Historic Environment Policy. 

Historic Scotland. October 2010. Managing Change in the Historic Environment: Setting. 

Historic Scotland. 2011. Inventory of Battlefields. 

RCAHMS 1967 The Royal Commission on the Ancient and Historical Monuments of Scotland. 

Peeblesshire: an inventory of the ancient monuments, 2v Edinburgh 

Scottish Government. 2010. Scottish Planning Policy, Scottish Government 

Scottish Government. 2011, PAN 2/2011. Planning Advice Note: Planning and Archaeology. 


May 2012 

23 


Historic Mapping 

Armstrong M. 1775. Map of the County of Peebles or Tweedale. NLS: EMS.s.48A 

Blaeu J. 1654. Twee-dail with the Sherifdome of Etterik-Forest called also Selkirk. NLS: WD3B/5 

Gordon R c.1636-52. A Map of the Clyde and Tweed Basins. NLS: Adv.MS.70.2.10 (Gordon 56) 

Moll H. 1732. The Shire of Peebles &c. NLS: EMS.b.2.1(12) 

Ordnance Survey. Six Inch. First edition. Peeblesshire Sheet VIII. 

Roy Map. 1747-1755. Sheet 7/4a – Area north of Peebles. BL: 

Web-based sources 

http://maps.nls.uk/ 

Eddleston Village History: 

http://www.webhistorian.co.uk/pages/index.php?id=32 


May 2012 

24 


Appendix I 

Gazetteer of Sites of Archaeological/Historical Interest

Cloich Site Gazetteer 

* = inside development area 

HER = Scottish Borders Historic Environment Record 

AP = feature observed on aerial photographs 

WO = feature observed during walkover 

Roy = features marked on Roy’s military map (1752-55) 

OS = features marked on First Edition Ordnance Survey map (1858-63) 

WR3 = web ref. 3 & personal communication from Mr Alan Pack, former Irthlingborough mine supervisor 

see bibliography for references 

Site No Source Name NGR Period 

1. * 

4090086 

Chert outcrops, screes and possible pits for approximately 100 yards on sloping ground on hilltop at 

Wide Hope Shank at 425m. Artifactual flakes were found. 

NT 18800 

49900 

Mesolithic 

2. * 

4090087 

Chert outcrop and screes on south west slope of Wood Hill overlooking Lyne Water. Artifactual 

flakes and possible pressure flaker sharpening stone found. The latter being a roughly triangular 

stone approximately 12cm long with a 6cm long and 5mm wide groove. 

NT 316700 

44000 

Mesolithic 

3. * 

4090088 Chert screes in a gully on north west slopes of Stevenson Hill overlooking Lyne Water. Artifactual 

flakes found. 

NT 17700 

44200 

Mesolithic 

4. * 

4030102 

On the east side of the Eddleston Valley north of the Portmore Estate, this is one of the sites listed 

by Mulholland as having produced microliths. 

NT 25000 

51200 

Mesolithic 

5. 4030121 

Lithics scatter at Waterheads beside Shiplaw Burn - includes chert microliths - discovered during 

NT 24100 

Mesolithic

field survey as part of the Eddleston Parish Project. 50870 

6. 

4030091 Lithic scatter at Darnhall Mains north of Eddleston - Mulholland states that microliths have been 

found at Darnhall (Mulholland, 1970). 

NT 24000 

48100 

Mesolithic 

7. 

4030092 

Lithic scatter at Shiplaw Farm north of Eddelston: Mulholland states that microlithis were found here. 

NT 23500 

49500 

Mesolithic 

8. 

4030139 

Leaf-shaped arrowhead found on the east side of upper Meldon Burn at the foot of White Meldon 

during field survey as part of the Eddleston Parish Project. 

NT 21900 

44330 

Neolithic 

9. 

4030122 

A chert leaf-shaped arrowhead found on the north side of Shiplaw Burn during field survey as part of 

the Eddleston Parish Project. 

NT 23650 

50820 

Neolithic 

10. 

4100024 

Polished stone axe head with slight damage to the butt found in 2006 beside a tributary of Meldon 

Burn on the northern slopes of White Meldon 

NT 22216 

43678 

Neolithic 

11. 

4030008 The site of a possible former barrow or Neolithic long cairn to the south of Shiplaw Burn overlooking 

Eddleston Burn to the east. It was quarried away by a gravel pit. 

NT 24150 

50340 

Neolithic 

12. 

4060198 

Two broken polished stone axes from the area of Noblehouse Farm (to the west of the Cloich Hills) 

were purchased by the NMAS in 1900. 

NT 18000 

50000 

Neolithic 

13. 

4030078 

A possible chert extraction/acquisition site is situated 50 yards uphill from the NW corner of Kilrubie 

Wood, on the eastern slopes of Kilrubie Hill. Comprising chert outcrops, with possible pits. 

NT 21600 64700 

Mesolithic/Neolithic 

14. 

4030046 

A Neolithic stone axe was found in Harehope Forest on the west side of Meldon Burn in 1976. 

NT 20850 

43540 

Neolithic

15. 

4030132 

Burnt mound found at a confluence of tributaries of Shiplaw Burn during field survey as part of the 

Eddleston Parish Project. 

NT 22680 

49400 

Bronze Age 

16. AP Possible round enclosure in bend of Cowieslinn Burn NT 20405 49440 Bronze Age 

17. 

4030163 

On the left bank of a tributary of Lyne Burn on the western edge of Harehope Forest, adjacent to and 

to the west of a ruinous drystone dyke which runs uphill/ downhill and c.200m south of the march 

dyke of Wide Hope Shank, the remains of a small burnt mound shows through in molehills 

NT 19000 

44750 

Bronze Age 

18. 

4030163 

On the left bank of the same watercourse as 17, again adjacent to and to the west of the ruinous 

dyke, c.100m downhill and again showing through molehills, is a burnt mound, c.4m in diameter and 

0.2m high. 

NT 19050 

44650 

Bronze Age 

19. 

4030124 Burnt mound beside a tributary of Fairydean Burn east of Kilruby Wood, on the west side of 

Eddleston Valley, discovered during field survey as part of the Eddleston Parish Project. 

NT 22050 

47150 

Bronze Age 

20. 

4030125 

Burnt mound on Fairydean Burn, c.100m east of 19, discovered during field survey as part of the 

Eddleston Parish Project. 

NT 22180 

47090 

Bronze Age 

21. 

NMR 296428 

Burnt mound identified during walkover of Eddleston parish by the Peeblesshire Archaeological 

Society (DES 2003, 115) 

NT 21181 48717 

Bronze Age 

22. 

4070043 

Burnt mound on Lyne Common (west of Black Meldon) at confluence of tributaries of Lyne Burn: a 

prominent mound, approximately 10 x 8m. It sits on, and is partially enclosed on its southern half by 

an outcrop of rock which is c.1.5m high. 

NT 19200 

43100 

Bronze Age 

23. 

4070043 

On the right bank of the tributary of Lyne Burn and c.200m east of 22 and near the junction with two 

other burns, there is another burnt mound, c.5m in diameter and c.0.5m high. It is covered in coarse 

grass. 

NT 19450 

43150 

Bronze Age

24. 

4070043 

Approximately 200m north-east of 22, on the right bank of another tributary of the Lyne Burn which 

flows north-west to south-east, there is a prominent burnt mound, c.10m in diameter and 1m high. 

There is a large animal scrape on the side next to the burn. 

NT 19300 

43300 

Bronze Age 

25. 

4030013 

At the entrance to Cloich Forest west of Shiplaw Farm, in rough pasture immediately north of the 

forestry track are two cairns. One has been cut by a post and wire fence flanking the track and 

measures 2.5m in diameter and is 0.3m high. The second is 20.2m NE of the fence and measures 

2.6m in diameter and is 0.4m high. 

NT 22100 

49900 

Bronze Age 

26. 

4030015 

Location of a robbed cairn 10.4m in diameter on a small knoll on a SE-facing slope south of Nether 

Stewarton Farm – now overplanted by commercial forestry. 

NT 21410 

45130 

Bronze Age 

27. 

4030021 Three cists were found in 1846 on Gallow Law to the north of Barony Castle when gravel-digging in 

the field. They lay close together. One contained a food vessel with dust and bone fragments. 

NT 23510 

47520 

Bronze Age 

28. 

4030022 

A cist containing a food vessel was found in 1929 when ploughing about 350 yds SSW of Darnhall 

Mains Farm steading, on the S shoulder of a slight ridge, and about 800 yds SE of site 27. It 

measured about 1m by 0.5m by 0.5m deep, oriented N-S. 

NT 23880 

47760 

Bronze Age 

29. 

The Ordnance Survey Name Book records that a cist containing human remains was found north of 

4030023 

Whitelaw Burn (northwest of Black Barony Castle) here in March, 1836. After lying open for a few 

days, it was covered over again, and in 1929, when visiting the site, a small hollow was observed in 

the summit of a slight ridge, Callander saw the top of one of the slabs, but the site was overgrown in 

NT 23160 

47900 

Bronze Age 

1956 and no part of the cist was visible then. 

30. 

4030024 

A Late Bronze Age cauldron and aze were found in July 1904 when digging drains in a hollow among 

grassy knolls in a field about 300m OD between Wormiston and Nether Stewarton. It was found 

beneath 1m of peat, and is made of three sheets of beaten bronze rivetted together. 

NT 22660 

45940 

Bronze Age 

31. 4030026 

The site of two former cairns on hills to the north-west of Wormiston Farm. Nothing now survives of 

them which were destroyed about 1825, when several urns containing the dust of human remains, 

NT 23007 

Bronze Age

and a number of nails and other articles resembling coffin mountings or handles were found. 45965 

32. 

The recorded location of a cairn in fields to the north-east of Nether Stewarton. It originally consisted 

4030027 

mainly of stones, but many of these were robbed to build field walls in the early 19th century, and in 

1856 the cairn was described as a circular mound of earth 70' in diameter and about 6' above the 

level of the surrounding surface of the land. 

NT 22480 

46120 

Bronze Age 

33. 4030031 

SM 2940 

On a very low natural knoll just inside the SW tip of Kaim Wood, and at a height of 850ft OD, there is 

a cairn composed of earth and stones which measures 35ft in diameter and stands to a height of 3ft. 

It is overgrown with trees, but appears to be otherwise undisturbed. . 

NT 23210 

46000 

Bronze Age 

34. 4090039 

SM 2738 

Wether Law cairn: a circular cairn reduced to a low grass-grown mound about 25 feet diameter and 2 

feet high. The remains of this cairn have been reduced to allow grass-grown mound with an 

OS.triangulation pillar exactly in the centre. 

NT 19460 

48370 

Bronze Age 

35. 

4030067 

Peat Hill Cairn: the grass-covered remains of this cairn have been extensively robbed and it is now 

little more than a flattened mound. This cairn was descheduled effect from 19 October 2000 as it has 

been ploughed flat and planted up. 

NT 20630 

48720 

Bronze Age 

36. * 

4030068 

SM 3158 

Cairn on the west side of Meldon Burn below Nether Stewarton. The cairn is situated on a slight ridge 

100m W of the Meldon Burn, is roughly circular on plan, measuring c. 8m in diameter. It has been 

reduced by stone robbing to a maximum height of 0.6m. The remains are covered by heather and 

rough grass. 

NT 21670 

44030 

Bronze Age 

37. 

4030070 

A second cairn to the west of Meldon Burn c.10m north of site 36, situated on a low sheltered ridge is 

roughly circular in plan measuring c.8.0m in diameter. It remains as a grass-covered stony mound 

0.5m high. 

NT 21640 

44180 

Bronze Age 

38. 

4030047 

The fragmentary remains of enclosure, possibly a cairn, can be seen in an unplanted area on Green 

Knowe beside Meldon Burn. There are several large stones on the perimeter, but the interior is devoid 

of stones, so it may only be a sheepfold. 

NT 21086 

43181 

Bronze Age

39. 

4030048 

A heather covered mound 5.0m in diameter and 0.7m high, possibly a cairn, in an area of forestry to 

the south of Nether Stewarton. . 

NT 21270 

44690 

Bronze Age 

40. 4030050 

SM 2912 

This cairn lies c.140m to the NNE of the northern end of the Green Knowe unenclosed platform 

settlement. It was excavated in 1977-78. Two phases of construction were uncovered (Jobey 1981; 

RCAHMS 1967, 54-55). 

NT 21380 

43500 

Bronze Age 

41. 4030051 

SM 3243 

On gently sloping ground overlooking the Harehope Burn there is a cairn measuring 13m in diameter 

and 1m in greatest height. It has been disturbed by quarrying and further disturbed by forestry 

planting. 

NT 21150 

44938 

Bronze Age 

42. 4030053 

SM 2760 

Green Knowe: there are nine hut platforms here, cut into the slope, each for a timber roundhouse. 

There are also associated clearance cairns and a field system here. The finds from Jobey's 

excavations were donated to the NMAS (Jobey 1981). 

NT 21220 

43300 

Bronze Age 

43. * 

4030035 

SM 2755 

Whaup Law cairn - this is a stony mound, partially grass-covered, standing to a maximum of 0.68m 

high, entirely surrounded by FCS forestry. A modern cairn, 1.2m high, sits on top and has been 

constructed of stones taken from the older structure. The Scheduled area is a circle of a diameter of 

35m (RCAHMS 1967, p.59) 

NT 20841 

48009 

Bronze Age 

44. 

4090005 

Four Late Bronze Age socketed axes were found at Lamancha. 

NT 20000 

52200 

LBA 

45. 

Palisaded Homestead, White Knowe, overlooking Whiteside Hill to the south-west. This homestead 

4090044 

measures 115ft by 105ft within a palisade now represented on the surface by a shallow groove about 

3ft wide. Almost one quarter of this, including the entrance, has been obliterated by former cultivation. 

The interior contains a ring-groove house measuring 45ft in diameter, the SE sector of which has 

NT 16960 

46370 

Bronze Age 

likewise been obliterated.. 

46. 4030065 

SM 2917 

The enclosing earthen bank is 3m thick and 0.38m high, with an entrance on the south-west side. 

Outside is a post hole 0.3m in diameter. Excavated in 1963 but no remains or relics were recovered 

NT 2289 4445 

?Iron Age

from the interior. It is marked as 'Old Sheepfold' on the 1st Edition OS map. 

47. 

On the gently sloping E flank of Crailzie Hill north of Millhope Burn there are two palisaded settlements 

of different dates, the later of which has been constructed within the earlier. Excavations were carried 

out in the settlements by the Commission in 1960 (Feachem 1962). 

The earlier settlement measures 80m by 65m within two low banks (IA, IB) separated by a broad, 

shallow ditch with an entrance to the E. 

4030054 

SM 2759 

The later settlement, which is similarly protected by two embanked palisades (IIA, IIB) with an 

NT 20340 

44850 

Iron Age 

intervening ditch, measures 50m by 40m internally. The entrance, on the E, was cobbled, and the 

palisades returned and united on either side of the passageway. On the S side a gap in the palisade 

gave access to a semicircular bay containing a setting of four post holes which were thought to 

represent the foundations of a small tower. A complementary bay on the N side presumably contained 

a similar structure. Excavation in the centre of the interior revealed traces of three superimposed 

circular houses. 

48. 

Courhope Burn: there are two ring enclosures 150m to the north-east of another pair (site 49). They 

4030017 

SM 2756 

are recorded as circular upstanding earthen banks. These enclosures are likely to be cremation 

cemeteries dating from the middle of the Bronze Age (c.1,500-1,000BC). They are 40m apart and 

each measures 13m in diameter. One of them exhibits a shallow groove in the top of the bank; the 

NT 20780 

46940 

MBA 

other has been damaged by the foundations of a rectangular building. (RCAHMS 1967, p.68)) 

49. * 4030074 

SM 2756 

Courhope Burn: the SW pair, which are 6m apart, are 7m and 10m in diameter respectively; one has a 

gap in the bank on the SE, and a shallow groove can be seen in the top of the bank of the other. 

NT 20850 

47090 

Bronze Age 

50. 

4090001 

SM 2728 

Romanno Bridge: lower western slopes of Hag Law: two barrows c.27.5m apart. Both of them 

measure around 5.5m in diameter and are around 0.3m high. The barrows are surrounded by shallow 

ditches c.1.2m wide. 

NT 17500 

48000 

Bronze Age

51. 

On the highest ridge overlooking the Fingland Burn there are four barrows, aligned NE-SE which are 

situated along the edge of what has at one time been a cultivated field. The SW barrow, which is the 

best preserved, measures 18ft in diameter by 1ft 6 ins in height, and is surrounded by a ditch 4ft in 

4090099 

SM 2730 

width and one foot in depth. About 300 yds to the NE there are two more barrows situated 35ft apart. 

Each of them is 18 ft in diameter and one foot in height, but no trace is now visible of a ditch in either 

case. The fourth example, which lies 250 yds further to the NE is 15ft in diameter and 1ft 3in in height. 

NT 17800 

47800 

Bronze Age 

No ditch can be seen. Several other low mounds in the vicinity may also represent the mutilated 

remains of similar barrows (RCAHMS 1967, p.58). 

52. 

On the lower north-western slopes of White Meldon there are 9 hut platforms in a line covered by 

4100023 

SM 2711 

heather and bracken, from c.10.6m up to 18m wide and there are clearance cairns and walls of a 

contemporary field system. Three platforms are 12m wide, one 13m, one 15m, three 17m' and two 

20m. 

NT 21600 

43400 

Bronze Age 

(Feachem 1961, 18) 

53. 4100024 

SM 2712 

There is a line of 9 hut platforms from 10.6m up to 18m wide. There are several clearance heaps in 

the vicinity. (RCAHMS 1967, p.74) 

NT 21830 

43570 

Bronze Age 

54. 

4030104 

Approximately 1km SW of Harehope Hill near a source of a tributary of Lyne Burn is a conspicuous 

double burnt mound, c.14 x 14m and 1.2m high. 

NT 19000 

44000 

Bronze Age 

55. 

This cairn is situated on a subsidiary ridge 125ft W of the summit of White Meldon within the hillfort. 

4100048 

SM 2710 

Originally it measured 15m in diameter and was bounded by a kerb of large boulders, several of which 

still survive in situ. Now, however, the mass of stones composing the body of the cairn is greatly 

spread and is reduced to a height of 1m. 

NT 21893 

42845 Bronze Age 

56. 

4090004 Lamancha: a ring-marked slab of red sandstone, 0.76m by 0.56m by c.0.1m thick, discovered in a 

bank of gravel at Lamancha in 1867. Some other large stones found nearby suggest that the site may 

NT 20000 

52200 

Bronze Age

have been sepulchral but there is no evidence that it formed part of a Bronze Age cist. The stone 

bears an unusual group of markings, all pecked, including single and double rings and an area of 

punch-marks. 

57. 

Excavations showed this 'barrow' on the west side of Green Knowe (west of Cloich Hills) was entirely 

composed of earth with a small pit inside in which there were traces of charcoal. It may be an 

unaccompanied cremation. 

4090027 

SM 2733 

On a fairly level shelf at the foot of the steep W slopes of Green Knowe, overlooking the Fingland Burn 

from a height of 920ft OD, there is a small barrow situated close to a pair of ring enclosures (NT14NE 

21). Excavations revealed that the barrow was composed entirely of earth and measures 14ft in 

NT 18520 

46700 

Bronze Age 

diameter and 9ins in greatest height. It was found to be covering a small pit measuring 2ft 6ins by 1ft 

which was dug into the natural gravel subsoil to a depth of about 8ins. From the filling of the pit, of 

heavily corroded iron was found resting on the natural surface at a point 5ft 6ins from the centre of the 

barrow. (RCAHMS 1967, p.54) 

58. 

Two stone-walled enclosures, one of which has been built inside the other are situated on a broad 

natural terrace near the foot of the W slopes of White Meldon Hill. 

The earlier enclosure (I) measures 70m by 60m and has been surrounded by a heavy wall, 4m in 

thickness, composed of a core of earth and small stones faced with boulders. The wall is accompanied 

by an external ditch which measures up to 2m in depth and 7m in width. Round the W half, however, 

4100045 

SM 3165 

the later enclosure has virtually destroyed the earlier structure; nothing can be seen of the ditch, and 

only slight traces of the wall remain, but its course is indicated by a slight terrace on the NW, and on 

the SW by an intermittent low scarp in which four outer facing-stones are visible. There are two 

NT 21400 

42900 

Prehistoric 

entrances, each 10' in width and situated on the NE and S respectively, both of which appear to be 

original. 

The later enclosure (II) measures 55m by 40m within a wall consisting of a rubble core faced with 

heavy angular blocks. It has been severely robbed, but portions of the lowest course of either face still 

visible in the collapsed debris indicate a thickness of 3m. There is a single entrance on the SW 

measuring 3m in width. The interior is featureless apart from a slightly raised platform at the N end.

Between the two walls on the NE two parallel settings of earthfast boulders, which extend across the 

intervening space at an interval of 17m, appear to have been the footings of thin walls. Although they 

seem to be associated with one or other of the enclosures already described, their function is 

uncertain. 

59. 

4100018 

A possible platform settlement on the shoulder between Peat Knowe and White Meldon. 

NT 22100 

42900 

Bronze Age 

60. 

A circular enclosure in the northern part of Cloich Forest beside a forestry track. Not identified during 

4030007 

walkover. It measures 10.3m in diameter within a spread earthen bank c3.0m wide x 0.2m high. The 

interior is level and featureless and there is no apparent entrance. A shallow groove is visible in the 

top of the bank. Very close to the location of ‘Spittle’ – a rectangular enclosure marked on Roy’s map 

NT 21154 

50076 

? Bronze Age 

(1755). 

61. 

4030014 

Just inside the eastern side of Cloich Forest on the lower NE slopes of Ewe Hill. There are three ring 

enclosures lying within 91m of each other. Two are 10.9m in diameter and the third is 12.1m in 

diamter and has a shallow groove in the top of the bank. They are now destroyed 

NT 21600 

47900 

Bronze Age 

62. * 

4030018 

There are 2 ring enclosures 10.3m apart here c.450m north of site 61. The larger has a 0.9m wide gap 

in its bank and a shallow groove in the top. The 1st Edition OS shows three enclosures in this locality, 

labelled as "Old Sheepfolds". 

NT 21800 

48290 

Bronze Age 

63. 

4070005 

Unenclosed settlement of two prehistoric roundhouses (one in grass, the other in heather) and 

associated cord rig on spur immediately west of Black Meldon. 

NT 19600 

42890 

Bronze Age 

64. 

4070008 

A burnt mound approximately 0.9m high is located close to the source of an unnamed burn on the 

south side of Black Meldon. 

NT 20400 

42400 

Bronze Age 

65. 

4030071 

An (Iron Age?) enclosure is visible on AP's in a field to the south of Hatton knowe on the west side of 

Eddleston Burn. 

NT 23420 

46260 

? Iron Age 

66. 4030098 Possible cairn visible c.500m NE of Nether Stewarton farm on aerial photographs – see sites 30-32 for NT 22200 

Bronze Age

other nearby cairns in the centre of Eddleston Valley.. 46000 

67. 

4030080 

Enclosure beside a tributary of Eddleston Burn visible to the south-west of Hatton Knowe visible on 

some aerial phootogrpaphs. 

NT 23090 

46390 

? Bronze Age 

68. 

4030089 

Possible settlement to the north of Cringletie Farm in the Eddleston Valley enclosed by a bank and 

ditch. 

NT 23170 

44750 

? Bronze Age 

69. 

At the foot of the SE slopes of Green Knowe to the west of Ewe Hill, overlooking the Flemington Burn 

4090019 

SM 2734 

from a height of just over 300m OD, there are two barrows situated beside a ring enclosure 

representing likely Bronze Age settlement. Both barrows measure c.3m in diameter and 0.25m in 

height. One was excavated in the 1950’s with inconclusive results. 

NT 19170 

46350 

Bronze Age 

70. 

4090015 

SM 2735 

Two ring enclosures just south of Flemington Burn, c.90m apart, the larger is 12m in internal 

diameter. The smaller, which has slight traces of a groove in the top of the bank, is 8m in 

internal diameter. They may be sheep folds. 

NT 17540 

45780 

? Bronze Age 

71. 

The heavily robbed remains of a settlement, and of a scooped homestead which superseded it, are 

situated near the foot of the E slopes of Black Meldon. The settlement (A on plan) is considerably 

obscured by the scooped homestead which has obliterated almost the whole of its S end, and more 

recent disturbance has been caused by a track which passes through it from N-S. Enough remains, 

4070019 

SM 2737 

however, to indicate that it measured originally c.155' N-S by 80' E-W within a boulder-faced rubble 

wall. Only a few of the facing stones of this wall are now visible, and what remains of the core has 

spread to form a low grassy mound. The entrance is near the centre of the E side; it is now 11' wide 

NT 21190 

42550 

Iron Age 

and leads into a small shallow depression. Three house platforms (1-3) are visible in the remaining 

part of the interior. At the N end a low stony bank running W from the NE arc of the enclosing wall is 

clearly intrusive. The scooped homestead (B) measures 75' x 50' within a boulder-faced rubble wall in 

which several outer facing stones are visible. The entrance, in the centre of the E side, is 6' wide and 

leads into a scooped court occupying 2/3 of the lower half of the interior. The upper half contains three

house-platforms (4-6) separated by unexcavated ridges. 

72. 

4100017 

Traces of ring-ditch recorded at this location on the northern slopes of White Meldon. 

NT 21900 

43400 

Iron Age 

73. 

4070018 

A complete house platform 12m wide and another 2 mutilated by quarrying on the lower north-eastern 

slopes of Black Meldon. 

NT 21000 

42800 

Iron Age 

74. 

4030149 

Circular enclosure, visible as a cropmark, identified as part of the Eddleston Parish Project a short 

distance to the east of Cloich Farm beside Early Burn.. 

NT 21960 

49140 

Iron Age 

75. 

4100048 

SM 114 

White Meldon hillfort: the largest native fort in the county, a bulky hill that commands the narrow, 

winding valley of the Meldon Burn. Its maximum dimensions are c.280m N-S x 180m E-W. There are 

three main phases of fortification (RCAHMS 1967, p.148-52). 

NT 21930 

42830 

Iron Age 

76. 

This settlement is situated on the SW slopes of White Meldon c.70m above the Meldon Burn. It 

measures 50m by 35m within a wall which has been extensively robbed to build a sheepfold which 

4100050 

overlies it. Originally the wall was probably about 3m in thickness, but, although, several outer facing 

stones are visible, no stones belonging to the inner face can now be distinguished. The entrance, on 

the SW, opens into a court which occupies about one-third of the available living area, while the 

NT 21530 

42470 

? Bronze Age 

remaining two-thirds consists of two terraces upon which timber houses presumably stood. 

77. 

4090035 

SM 2821 

Situated on level ground these circular turf-banked enclosures measure 10.0m diameter within a bank 

2.5m wide. There is no trace of an entrance to either. The enclosures appear to be recent and are 

probably sheep folds 

NT 17330 

45710 

? Bronze Age 

78. 

Whiteside Hill is naturally strong, the only easy approach being by way of a narrow saddle on the 

4090038 

SM 2955 

north east. On its summit is a fort of one acre, in which three constructural phases can be discerned, 

and a small enclosure of later date. 

It is believed the first two phases of construction date to the pre-Roman Iron Age while the final phase 

NT 16800 

46070 Iron Age 

may date to the Roman period (RCAHMS 1967, p.151).

79. 

80. 

4100043 

SM 3075 

Upper Kidston - fort and enclosures. On the crest of a spur there is a slight knoll which is occupied by 

a fort measuring 80m by 60m within a single rampart. The entrance to the fort is on the NW, and for 

some 50 yards to the N of it the rampart still survives in the form of a slight bank a few inches high. 

Elsewhere, however, it has been completely eroded and its course is only traceable by a terrace which 

has been cut into the knoll to accommodate it. The body of the rampart was presumably composed of 

rubble derived from this terrace. The interior of the fort, which rises to a height of as much as 9m 

above the terrace, contains three house-platforms, the largest measuring 12m across. A rock-cut pit of 

unknown date and purpose, measuring 0.3m in depth and 2m in diameter, is situated a few metres SE 

of the highest part of the interior. 

This fort occupies a rocky knoll which crowns the summit of Black Meldon. The site is easily 

approached from the W up a very gentle slope, but on all other sides the steep fall of the ground 

provides strong natural protection. 

NT 2238 

4322 Iron Age 

81. 

4100045 

SM 3165 

4070013 

SM 3237 

The fort measures 240' by 130' within a stone wall (A) which is now reduced to a band of debris, 10' 

thick, in which only one facing stone is visible. On the N, S and W there is an outer wall (B), now 

represented by only the debris of the core. The main entrance is situated at the SSW end of the fort 

and runs obliquely through both walls, while a gap on the NE side of wall A may mark the position of a 

subsidiary entrance. The interior of the fort contains the surface traces of at least seven ring groove 

houses, the largest measuring 36' and the smallest 28' in diameter (RCAHMS 1967, p.101). 

Lyne Burn enclosure: this earthwork lies on the brink of a steep slope bordering the right bank of the 

Lyne Burn immediately south of The Steading on Harehope Hill. It is an irregular oval on plan. It 

measures 75m by 60m internally along the axes and is bounded by a broad, shallow ditch which 

exhibits traces of an upcast bank on either lip. It is thus superficially similar in character to the larger of 

two adjacent enclosures on Harehope Hill. The greater part of the inner bank has been levelled, but 

except on the N, where a stretch of the ditch 80m in length has been eroded away by the burn, the 

outer bank is visible more or less continuously, albeit in a wasted condition. The single entrance faces 

SE and the banks originally returned and united on either side of the passage-way; the return on the S 

NT 2063 

4251 Iron Age 

NT 1987 

4393 Iron Age

side has, however, been removed in comparatively recent times to prevent water from accumulating at 

the head of the ditch. 

The interior of the earthwork is largely occupied by what appears to be a secondary structure 

consisting of an oval sunken area on two levels, which measures 55m by 40m and has a single 

entrance coinciding with that of the main earthwork. Some slight remains of an enclosing bank can be 

seen on each side of the entrance, the remains to the N of the entrance being apparently a 

remodelling of the original inner bank of the earthwork. Apart from two fragmentary banks of uncertain 

age and purpose, the rest of the interior of the earthwork is flat and featureless. 

82. 

4090042 

Flemington Burn homestead: it has an enclosing wall, with much of the rubblecore surviving, and 7 of 

the original facing stones. The entrance was on the WSW side, and was 2.4m wide. The interior has 2 

house-platforms. 

317490 

645620 

Iron Age 

83. 

Drum Maw enclosed settlement: this site has an enclosing turf covered stonybank, with 1 outer 

facing-stone remaining. The entrance was on the south side. The interior has traces of 4 houseplatforms. 

4090043 

SM 2732 

This settlement measures 50m by 25m within a wall which now appears as a turf-covered stony bank 

standing at best to a height of 0.3m and spread to a maximum thickness of 5m. A single outer facingstone 

still remains in situ in the E sector. The entrance is in the S side. 

NT 1819 

4649 Iron Age 

84. 4030063 

SM 2677 

The site slopes down from NW to SE but the gradient of the interior has been reduced by excavating 

the upper part to a maximum depth of 1.3m, except for a small area which remains as a wedgeshaped 

spur. Four house-platforms can be seen, each measuring about 7m across. 

Harehope Rings is a fort which measures 65m by 60m within double ramparts and a medial ditch. It is 

protected on the NE, SE and SW sides by slopes falling steeply to the marshy ground below, while the 

easy approach from the NW is barred by a linear earthwork. On the NW, where it is best preserved, 

NT 1963 

4457 Iron Age

the inner rampart stands to a height of 2m above the interior and 3m above the bottom of the ditch, 

while the crest of the outer rampart is 2.5m above the ditch and 0.5m above the ground outside. There 

are two entrances, each measuring 2m in width on the S and E respectively and in both cases the 

ramparts return and unite round the ends of the ditch. 

Traces of eleven circular or oval house-platforms can be distinguished in the interior. Two of these 

(numbered 1 and 2 on the plan), which are better preserved than the rest, measure 14m and 12.5m 

across respectively, and contain shallow grooves representing sections of the foundation trenches of 

timber walls. The rest are so intangible that they are marked on the plan only by broken lines. A low 

grassy bank of no great age crosses the SW part of the interior. 

The linear earthwork, which crosses the saddle at a minimum distance of 60m from the outer rampart, 

consists principally of a ditch 120m in length with a bank on the lip nearer to the fort. Discontinuous 

short stretches of ditch and bank at either end presumably represent unfinished extensions. Two 

shallow pits situated 28m NW of this earthwork may be the first stages in the construction of a similar 

work which was also abandoned before completion.84 

85. 

Northshield Rings: on the east side of Eddleston Water on a spur c.1km north-east of Portmore 

House. The defences are a maximum c.80m x 70m. The first phase has a rampart with an external 

ditch and counterscarp and three entrances. The second phase has two ramparts with external quarry 

SM 731 

ditches. NT 2572 4939 

Iron Age 

86. 

4030034 

Wormiston Rings: on the right bank of the Wormiston Burn, 80m SSE of Wormiston farmhouse and at 

a height of 220m OD, there is a fort which has been almost entirely obliterated by cultivation. The site 

is protected on the N and W by Wormiston Dean, the steep-sided rav 

NT 23450 

45480 

Iron Age

87. 

Nether Stewarton - a settlement enclosed within an annexe is situated half a mile W of Nether 

Stewarton, on a gently sloping hillside which overlooks the head of the Meldon Burn from a height of 

350m OD. The settlement, which measures 60m by 35m internally, is enclosed by a bank, reduced by 

cultivation to a maximum height of 0.75m. Its original thickness was probably not more than 3m. On 

the E side, only a scarp remains, through which an entrance, measuring 3.5m in width, leads into a 

slightly sunken entrance court. A gap in the bank on the N is modern. Within the interior the sites of 

five timber houses are visible. 

4030036 

SM 3998 

The annexe is formed by a bank, which is accompanied along the W side by an external ditch. The 

bank rises to a maximum height of 1m above the ditch and 1.25m internally, but on the E side nothing 

can be seen of the ditch and only slight traces of the bank remain. An entrance, 4m in width, is still 

NT 2108 4557 

Iron Age 

clearly distinguishable, however, in the centre of the latter side. 

The site was planted over by commercial forestry in the 1960’s. Today the main defensive rampart 

remains quite clear on the upslope. The scarp and entrance on the eastern side, described above, are 

no longer easily distinguishable on the ground. 

88. 

4030082 

Fortified enclosure (c.100m x 60m) with substantial external ditch adjacent to Wormiston Burn - 

immediately south of similar enclosure (site 86) visible on aerial photographs. 

NT 23420 

45370 

Iron Age 

89. * 

Millhope Burn enclosed settlement: a roughly oval hollow, measuring c. 40m NE-SW by 25m has been 

excavated into the gently sloping hillside overlooking the Millhope Burn to the SW. It is bounded on 

the W, NE and E by a grass-grown stony bank which stands to a maximum height of 0.8m above the 

4030055 

SM 3790 

interior and is spread to a thickness of up to 3m. On the N, S and SW the bank is now either reduced 

to a mere scarp or has been obliterated altogether. On the E there is a gap in the bank, 3m wide, 

which appears to be an original entrance. In the N part of the interior there is a small oval depression, 

NT 2017 4465 

Iron Age 

measuring 3m x 5m, to which there is access through a 1m gap in the slight bank that bounds it on the 

S. 

Some fragmentary remains adjoining the enclosure on the NW may possibly belong to another

structure of a similar nature. 

90. 

4090085 

Fingland: there is a field of rig and furrow, overlain by two banked enclosures and possibly 

containedwithin banks on the south and north sides here. 

NT 19100 

47000 

Medieval 

91. 

4030105 

Traces of rig and furrow cultivation (4 rigs) were identified north of Shiplaw Burn during field walking by 

J Dent and R McDonald as part of a pre-planning application consultation. 

NT 23300 

50800 

Medieval 

92. 

4030106 

An area of rig and furrow cultivation noticed during field walking north of Shiplaw Burn by J Dent and R 

McDonald as part of a pre-planning application consultation. 

NT 23300 

50400 

Medieval 

93. 

4030162 

Old quarries (whinstone) on the west side of Ewe Hill in south-western edge of Cloich Forest shown on 

1st edition OS map. 

NT 18880 

45550 

Post-medieval 

94. * 

4090140 

Whinstone quarry on E side of Green Knowe 

NT 19200 

46590 

Post-medieval 

95. 

4090141 

Whinstone quarry on E side of Hag Law 

NT 19100 

47530 

Post-medieval 

96. 

4090142 

Whinstone quarry on E side of Hag Law 

NT 19160 

47640 

Post-medieval 

97. 

4090143 

Whinstone quarry on E side of Green Knowe 

NT 19300 

47760 

Post-medieval 

98. 

4090085 

There are two, possibly three rectangular buildings on Green Knowe, 200-250 metres south-west of 

Fingland. See also 409/0085/01. 

99. * 4032002 Greenside/Courhope Hill - shown on Pont's Map as Kourup Hill - location of post-medieval farmstead 

100. 

4090026 

Circular enclosure on the east side of Green Knowe, surrounded by a turf bank 2.5m wide and 0.4m 

high. There is no discernable entrance, and the interior is featureless. Its purpose is unclear, but it is 

unlikely antiquity, and it is possibly old sheepfold.

101. 

102. 

4030136 

4030003 

Greenside/Courhope: Indeterminate remains, possibly a building, found during field survey as part of 

the Eddleston Parish Project. 

This section of Drove Road enters the parish as it crosses the Flemington Burn. At this point it has 

been improved and serves as the access road to Courhope (NT 194 460). From there it head 

eastwards towards the march dyke at the watershed between the 

103. 4030162 Old quarry (whinstone) shown on 1st edition OS map at southern edge of Cloich Forest 

104. * 

Cademuir 1: the upper of two hillforts on Cademuir Hill, c.8.5km south of the proposed wind farm. The 

SM 2441 

maximum extent of the defences is c.230m x 330m. Substantial remains of stone defences survive on 

its north-western and north-eastern sides, while its southern side is formed by a precipitous scarp. 

NT 1752 4090 

Iron Age 

Traces of 33 round houses have been observed within it. 

105. 

Cademuir 2: the western and lower of the hillforts on Cademuir Hill. Its maximum dimensions are 

SM 2715 

c.80m x 40m. It is defended to W, N and E by stone walls, with faces preserved in places, and to the 

south by a very steep slope. Entrances on the west and N side. There is a chevaux de frise in front of 

NT 2247 3078 

Iron Age 

the eastern defences. Remains of one round-house have been identified inside. 

106. 

SM 2957 

Hamildean Hill: a hillfort overlooking Lyne Water from the north situated c.4km south of the proposed 

wind farm. It extends c.145m x 125m. There appears to be an entrance on the west side. 

NT 1752 4091 

Iron Age 

107. SM 2416 Milkieston Rings: a hillfort on a prominent spur to the south-east of Eddleston Village. NT 2480 4595 

108. 

On Blaeu’s Map as Pratsell. There are earthworks at this location, on the east side of Kilrubie Hill (in 

an area labelled as Pratstile Rig on the first edition OS survey), which appear to be the remains of a 

farmstead and were recorded by the Peebleshire Archaeological Society in 2009. This revealed two 

4032005 

adjacent turf farm buildings, lazy beds, a garden plot and a substantial area of cord and rig within field 

boundaries lying to the south. An early eighteenth century buckle was the only dateable find recorded. 

NT 2169 4678 

Iron Age 

Post-medieval 

Boughey J. March 2011. Kilrubie. A Survey Project undertaken by the Peebleshire Archaeological 

Society.

109. * 4030164, 

4030166, 

4030167 

Upper Stewarton: farmstead shown on Roy’s map and still in existence to the north of the main 

Stewarton Farm. Remains include a mill-pond, track and sheepfold. 131 

NT 2050 5005 

Medieval 

110. e 

4090076 

Grassfield: possibly Bentside on Roy's map. There is a cottage with a byre and dovecot here, they are 

all derelict and partly ruinous. 

NT 2050 5010 

Post-medieval 

111. AP Rig and furrow south and east of Courhope NT 207 466 

112. AP Peat cuttings west of Courhope NT 2080 4637 

113. OS/AP Gravel pits near Nether Stewarton marked on OS mapping and visible on pre-plantation AP’s OS/AP 

114. 

The Borders drove road passing through Cloich Forest via the Flemington Burn and Courhope and 

then south-east to Peebles. Roy's map of 1755 calls this route the ‘Road to Queensferry’. It is an old 

drove road, cattle were driven from Falkirk and north of there, down through West Linton continuing to 

Peebles and St Mary's Loch, eventually to England. It is likely that James IV travelled this path in 

November of 1490 after buying a horse at Linlithgow. 

Medieval/post-medieval 

?Post-medieval 

post-medieval 

4030003 

In The Drove Roads of Scotland, Haldane shows it as being the only route cattle were taken from 

north of the central belt south. While it is unlikely to be the sole route, it must have been of 

considerably importance and surely must have had tens of thousands of cattle travelling across it 

every year. In the reverse direction, sheep from the Linton markest were driven to the Highlands, 

probably about 30,000 annually. 

It is also known, as many drove roads are, as the Thief's Road as it must have been used by a fair 

number of cattle thieves as well as legitimate traders. As late as 1600 there is a record of a party of 

Scotts and Armstrongs stealing 80 cattle and taking them southwards along this path, leaving several 

dead and wounded in their wake. 

Medieval 

115. OS Whinstone Quarry marked on OS 1 st Edition NT 2131 4693 

116. OS Deciduous Plantation shown on 1856 survey on open moorland on the east side of Whaup Law – still NT 2115 4808 

?Post-medieval 

post-medieval

preserved with remains of enclosing drystone boundary wall 

117. OS C19th Whinstone Quarry shown on 1856 1 st Edition OS map NT 1994 4894 

118. 

Fadenbegg – farmstead marked on Roy’s 1755 map – appears to coincide with small C19th 

Roy deciduous forestry plantation. Marked on modern OS as Clove Stell and still visible with remains of NT 2050 4900 

surrounding drystone wall. Also rig and furrow to N (site 27 below). 

Post-medieval 

Post-medieval 

119. AP Rig and furrow on west side of Middle Burn to the north of site of post-medieval farmstead NT 2062 4919 

120. 4080085 Fingland farmstead on the east side of Green Knowe NT 1917 4712 

Post-medieval 

Post-medieval

Figures

56 

44 

Legend 

Application Boundary 

Proposed Turbine Location 

4 

Temporary Met Mast 

91 

9 

5 

Proposed Access Road (Offsite) 

Existing Access Tracks 

92 

11 

Proposed Access Tracks 

Proposed Security Compound 

12 

1 

110 

60 

25 

Proposed Substation 

Proposed Construction Compound 

117 

16 

126 

118 

35 

74 

15 

7 

85 

Proposed Borrow Pits 

Scheduled Monuments 

Listed Building 

Category A 

Category B 

Category C(S) 

45 

78 

77 

50 

70 

82 

51 

83 

57 

34 

96 

97 

95 

90 

120 

98 

100 

94 

69 

102 

103 

93 

122 

101 

121 

99 

116 

43 

49 

48 

115 

87 

62 

61 

19 

108 

13 

109 

20 

66 

32 

30 31 

29 

67 

33 

27 

65 

86 

28 

6 

107 

HER Features 

Prehistoric 

Mesolithic 

Neolithic 

Early Bronze Age 

Middle Bronze Age 

Late Bronze Age 

Bronze Age 

Iron Age 

Medieval 

Post-medieval 

Early Modern 

Multi-period 

Unknown 

Location: O:\7313b Cloich Wind Farm - Archaeology\Tech\Drawings\7313-0001-07.mxd 

2 

3 

17 

18 

54 

24 

21 

22 

106 

84 

23 

63 

81 

89 

47 

64 

80 

14 40 

26 

41 

39 

42 

38 

73 

71 

8 

37 

36 

53 

52 72 

58 

55 

75 

76 

10 

59 

79 

46 

88 

68 

Project name: Cloich Forest Wind Farm 

Title : 

Area Features 

Linear Features 

Date: 27/09/2012 

Desk-Based Assessment 

Map showing the location of the proposed 

wind farm and sites of archaeological/ 

historical significance 

Created by : MP 

Scale @ A3 1:40,000 

0 0.25 0.5 1 1.5 2 

Kilometres 

REV: g A3 Figure : 1 

Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2012. All rights reserved. 2012 Licence number 0100031673



Index No Name 

114 White Meldon,fort 

731 Northshield Rings,fort,The Camps 

1492 Lyne,Roman fort,annexes and fortlet 

1493 Easter Happrew,Roman fort 

1494 Lyne, Roman temporary camp 

1495 Drochil Castle 

1496 Neidpath Castle 

2393 Terrace Wood,cultivation terraces 

2416 Milkieston Rings,fort 

2677 Harehope Rings,fort,Harehope Hill 

2678 Old Deepsykehead,enclosed cremation cemetery 270m SSE of 

2684 Peebles,St Andrew's Church 

2685 Peebles,town wall 

2697 Old Harestanes,stone circle 180m NE of 

2703 Black Meldon,fort 

2709 North Muir,Upper Cairn 

2710 White Meldon,cairn 

2711 White Meldon,platform settlement 640m NW of 

2712 White Meldon,platform settlement 730m NNW of 

2713 South Hill Head,homestead 

2718 Sheriff Muir Cottages,standing stones 520m W of 

2728 Romanno Mains,two barrows 550m SE of 

2729 Romanno Mains,four barrows 910m ESE of 

2730 Romanno Mains,barrow 910m SE of 

2732 Drum Maw,settlement 780m SE of 

2733 Romanno Hope,barrow & enclosures S of 

2734 Green Knowe,two ring enclosures & barrow 550m SSE of 

2735 Whiteside Hill,ring enclosures 820m SE of 

2736 Hamildean,homestead 1140m NE of 

2737 Black Meldon,settlement and scooped homestead 550m E of 

2738 Wether Law,cairn 

2755 Whaup Law, cairn 

2756 Courhope, ring enclosures 750m NE of Greenside 

2759 Harehope,palisaded settlement 730m NNE of 

2760 Green Knowe,platform settlement 

2774 Cavarra Hill,settlement 

2777 Dundreich,cairn 

2778 Huskie Rig,mounds 

2780 Peebles,market cross,Eastgate 

2788 Peebles,The White Stone,Innerleithen Road 

2789 Old Deepsykehead,long cairn 910m NE of 

2821 Flemington,ring enclosures 840m NE of 

2840 Henderland Hill,fort 

2905 Blyth,cairn 1050m NNW of 

2912 Harehope,cairn 1510m ESE of 

2917 Cringletie,ring enclosure 600m WNW of 

2940 Wormiston,cairn 360m NNW of 

2944 Wester Happrew,fort 360m NW of 

2955 Whiteside Hill,fort & enclosure 

2956 Drochil Castle,fort & enclosure 1190m NNW of 

2957 Hamildean Hill,fort 

2990 Blyth Hill,fort 

2998 Lochurd Hills,ring enclosures & mounds 

3007 Bryland,fort 640m SE of 

3010 Bordland Rings,fort,Bordlands Hill 

3027 Tor Hill,fort 600m WNW of Torbank 

3028 Janet's Brae, fort 750m E of Peebles Hydropathic 

3029 Janet's Brae, fort 550m E of Peebles Hydropathic 

3039 Venlaw Castle Hotel,settlement 780m NE of 

3040 Glenbield, fort 800m ENE of 

3045 Bellanrig,settlement,fort & enclosures 870m SE of 

3057 Peebles,Castle Hill 

3059 Kerr's Knowe, fort 

3068 Syke Hill,fort 

3069 Newmill,enclosures SW of 

3071 Newlands Church 

3074 Callands House,earthwork S of 

3075 Upper Kidston,fort & settlement NNW of 

3093 Paulswell,sundial 

3106 Kirkurd,church SE of Castlecraig 

3158 Green Knowe,cairn NE of 

3165 White Meldon,enclosures W of 

3171 Sheriff Muir, cairn 

3212 South Hill Head,settlement WNW of 

3218 Penveny,settlement & scooped homestead NW of 

3236 Shaw Hill,cairn 

3237 Harehope,earthwork SW of 

3243 Nether Stewarton,cairn 960m SW of 

3247 Cock Rig to Linton Muir,Roman road 

3256 West Mains,enclosure 200m NE of 

3263 Hardgatehead,Roman road and turnpike road 600m SW of 

3269 Meldon Bridge,pit alignment 250m W of 

3527 Jeffries Corse,cairn 

3698 Slipperfield Mount,cairn S of 

3790 Harehope,earthwork 550m NNE of 

3998 Nether Stewarton, settlement 850m W of 

4624 Upper Whitfield,enclosures 375m SE and 350m ESE of 

5742 South Slipperfield,barrows 1850m SSW and 1620m S of 

6065 Bents Quarry, lime kilns and quarry 

8674 Shieldgreen Tower 

90237 Peebles,Crosskirk 

Listed Buildings 

Ref No Category Description 

1294-008 B Cringletie House, including lodges, walled garden, sundial and dovecot. 

1294-010 A Portmore 

1294-011 C(S) Entrance gateway and Lodge, Portmore 

1294-012 B Harehope 

1294-013 B Black Barony Hotel 

1294-014 B Ice House, Black Barony 

1294-015 B Summerhouse, Black Barony 

1294-016 C(S) Bellevue Temple in former polices of Black Barony" 

1666-020 B Halmyle House, Halmyle 

1666-021 B Macbiehill Gateway and Lodge 

1666-022 C(S) Beresford Burial Vault 

1666-023 C(S) Lower Grange 

1666-024 B Lamancha 

1666-025 A Sundial 

1666-026 B Entrance Gateway 

1666-027 C(S) Madrisa Farmhouse and Steading 

1666-028 C(S) Smithy Cottages 

1666-029 B Whim House 

1666-030 A Court of Offices, Whim House 

1666-031 B Ice House, In Policies of Whim House 

1666-032 C(S) Dovecot, Whim House 

1666-033 C(S) Cistern, Whim House Policies 

1666-034 B Cowden Lodge 

1666-035 B Flemington Tower 

3069 

3263 

5742 

3007 

2905 

2990 

2998 

3256 

3247 

2840 

3106 

3010 

2956 

2393 

1495 

1666-020 

2955 

3074 

2778 

2678 

3218 

6065 

1666-035 

1666-025 

1666-024 

1666-029 1666-030 

1666-031 1666-032 

1666-028 

1666-023 

1666-021 1666-022 

2728 2729 

2944 

3059 

2732 2733 

3027 

2734 

2957 

1492 

2677 

2736 

1493 

3237 

3790 

2703 

1666--026 

2759 

1294-012 

2760 

2912 

3165 

1494 

3068 

3212 

3269 

1666-027 

2755 

2737 

1666-033 

1666-034 

2756 

3998 

3243 

1294-016 

2917 

2712 

2711 

114 

2713 

3075 

1496 

1294-011 

1294-014 

1294-013 

1294-015 

1294-008 

2684 

3045 

3057 

731 

3527 

2777 

1294-010 

2416 

2774 

8674 

3039 3040 

90237 

2685 

3028 

3029 

Legend 

Listed Building 


Title : 

Site Boundary 

10km Study Area 

Turbine Location 


Category A 

Category B 

Category C(S) 

Conservation Area 

ZTV 

Date: 27/09/2012 


ZTV with Listed Buildings and Scheduled 

Monuments within 10km 


Scale @ A3 1:100,000 

0 0.5 1 2 3 4 5 

Kilometres 

REV: d A3 Figure : 2 

Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2012. All rights reserved. 2012 Licence number 0100031673

Legend 


Reproduced by kind permission of the National Library of Scotland 


Title : 

Date: 27/09/2012 

Scale @ A3 NTS 


Detail from Gordon's map (c.1536-62) of 

Tweedale 


REV: a A3 Figure : 3

Legend 



Contains Ordnance Survey data © Crown copyright and database right 2012. All rights reserved. 2012 Licence number 0100031673 


Title : Desk-Based Assessment 

Detail from Blaeu Atlas (1654) 

Date: 27/09/2012 




Legend 





Title : 

Date: 27/09/2012 



Detail from Roy map (1747-55) Military 

Survey of Scotland Sheet 7/4a 



Legend 






Title : 

Date: 27/09/2012 


Detail from 1856 6-inch OS first edition 

showing area around Courhope/southern 

part of proposed wind farm site 

Scale @ A3 1:15,000 

0 0.25 

0.5 

Kilometres 



Legend 






Title : 

Date: 27/09/2012 


Detail from 1856 6-inch OS first edition 

showing northern part of proposed wind 

farm site 

Scale @ A3 1:15,000 

0 0.25 

0.5 

Kilometres 


REV: a A3 7

Appendix 8.1 Cultural Heritage Desk Based Assessment

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?