REGINE Regularisations in Europe Final Report - European ...
REGINE Regularisations in Europe Final Report - European ... REGINE Regularisations in Europe Final Report - European ...
that can combine migration management with the protection of refugees: “[M]igration management must take due account of international refugee protection obligations, including the importance of identifying people in need of international protection and determining appropriate solutions for them” 303 . According to UNHCR, mixed migration towards the European Union’s borders cannot be addressed by “enhanced border and migration control measures alone”, but should involve “close cooperation among states within the European Union, as well as with governments of countries of transit and origin.” 304 In 2006 the Office developed a ten-point action plan of protection tools, especially relevant for refugees who are at risk of refoulement, human rights violations and other potential hazards. The framework could be developed into broad migration strategies and could have an impact on the introduction of regularisation measures. The action plan proposes mechanisms to make asylum proceedings more flexible and transparent and which could, subsequently, reduce backlogs in applications. The measures include: (i) the establishment of protection-sensitive State entry systems (training of border guards on how to respond to asylum applications); (ii) the development of appropriate reception arrangements (registration of new arrivals and provision with temporary documentation) and (iii) the launch of mechanisms for profiling and referral (initial determination and counselling in order to establish whether people wish to seek asylum. and to identify other available options, including return, regularisation or regular onward migration. 305 In some situations, the UNHCR argues, refugees and other relevant persons of concern could profit from migrant-worker programmes or temporary work permits. Similarly, refugees could benefit from legal onward movement from the host State to a third country through regular migration channels. 306 Regarding persons who do not meet the criteria for refugee status, UNHCR proposes to take into consideration alternative temporary migration options: “these could variously allow them to stay legally in the country of arrival, or to move to a third country for humanitarian reasons, or for the purposes of work, education or family reunion. Efforts to address mixed population movements should also explore a place for regular migration options, temporary or even longer term.” 307 In its commentary on the Commission’s 2007 Green Paper on the future common European asylum system also sees a need for a common European policy on regularisation: “While it is beyond the scope of UNHCR’s mandate to comment on regularization measures for persons who are not in need 303 UNHCR (2007): Observations on the occasion of the First Euro-Mediterranean Ministerial Meeting on Migration Algarve, 18-19 November 2007. Available at: http://www.unhcr.org/protect/PROTECTION/473d554b2.pdf , p.1 304 UNHCR (2007): Implementing the Ten-Point Plan of Action in Southern Europe: Activities Undertaken by UNHCR to Address Mixed Migration in the Context of the Mediterranean/Atlantic Arrivals. Available at: http://www.unhcr.org/protect/PROTECTION/452ce4cd4.pdf, p.1 305 UNHCR (2007): Refugee Protection and Mixed Migration: A 10-Point Plan of Action, revised January 2007, http://www.unhcr.org/protect/PROTECTION/4742a30b4.pdf, p.3 306 UNHCR (2007): Global Appeal 2008-2009; Available at: http://www.unhcr.org/publ/PUBL/474ac8c12.pdf, p.28 307 UNHCR (2007): Refugee Protection and Mixed Migration, op. cit., p.3-4 100
of international protection, it is clear that this is an area in which increased EU coordination is needed.” 308 Finally, the Office observes that there is considerable confusion in the European media about terms such as “refugees”, “asylum-seekers”, irregular (or “illegal”) migrants, and “economic migrants”. Moreover, asylum-seekers and refugees are often cited in close association with crime and terrorist acts. Consequently, UNCHR calls on mass information campaigns in countries of origin, transit and destination, in order to discourage irregular migration, warn of the dangers of smuggling and trafficking, and focus on legal migration options. 309 308 UNHCR (2007): Response to the European Commission’s Green Paper on the Future Common European Asylum System, available at http://www.unhcr.org/protect/PROTECTION/46e53de52.pdf , p.27 309 UNHCR (2007): Implementing the Ten-Point Plan of Action, op. cit., p.9 101
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- Page 109 and 110: 7.2 European Union approaches to il
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- Page 125 and 126: OPTION 6: STRENGTHENING THE PRINCIP
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- Page 149 and 150: 11 References - secondary sources 1
- Page 151 and 152: United Kingdom, European Democrat G
- Page 153 and 154: Hollifield, J. (2004): ‘France: R
- Page 155 and 156: Papademetriou, D. (2005): The “Re
of <strong>in</strong>ternational protection, it is clear that this is an area <strong>in</strong> which <strong>in</strong>creased EU coord<strong>in</strong>ation is<br />
needed.” 308<br />
F<strong>in</strong>ally, the Office observes that there is considerable confusion <strong>in</strong> the <strong>Europe</strong>an media about terms<br />
such as “refugees”, “asylum-seekers”, irregular (or “illegal”) migrants, and “economic migrants”.<br />
Moreover, asylum-seekers and refugees are often cited <strong>in</strong> close association with crime and terrorist<br />
acts. Consequently, UNCHR calls on mass <strong>in</strong>formation campaigns <strong>in</strong> countries of orig<strong>in</strong>, transit and<br />
dest<strong>in</strong>ation, <strong>in</strong> order to discourage irregular migration, warn of the dangers of smuggl<strong>in</strong>g and<br />
traffick<strong>in</strong>g, and focus on legal migration options. 309<br />
308 UNHCR (2007): Response to the <strong>Europe</strong>an Commission’s Green Paper on the Future Common <strong>Europe</strong>an<br />
Asylum System, available at http://www.unhcr.org/protect/PROTECTION/46e53de52.pdf , p.27<br />
309 UNHCR (2007): Implement<strong>in</strong>g the Ten-Po<strong>in</strong>t Plan of Action, op. cit., p.9<br />
101