The Impact of Armed Conflict on Women and Girls - UNFPA

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• Utilization <strong>of</strong> services, such as the number <strong>of</strong> antenatal visits, the number <strong>of</strong> births attended by trained assistants, and condom distribution; • <strong>Impact</strong> indicators such as maternal mortality, crude birth rates; and • <strong>The</strong> inclusion <strong>of</strong> reproductive health data in the health information system, such as standard indicators as outlined in Chapter 9 <strong>of</strong> the Inter-agency Field Manual. 22
Report <strong>of</strong> Working Group Two: Gender-Based Violence – Trafficking, Domestic Violence and Sexual Violence Introduction Gender-based violence is an umbrella term for any harm that is perpetrated on a person against her/his will; that has a negative impact on the physical and/or psychological health, development and identity <strong>of</strong> the person. It is the result <strong>of</strong> power relationships determined by the social roles ascribed to males and females. Due to the subordinate status <strong>of</strong> females worldwide, gender-based violence almost always, and across all cultures, disparately impacts women and girls. In periods <strong>of</strong> conflict, women and girls, who typically constitute the majority <strong>of</strong> refugee and internally displaced populations, may be at even greater risk <strong>of</strong> gender-based abuses. Some <strong>of</strong> the major forms <strong>of</strong> violence recognized in the United Nations Declaration on the Elimination <strong>of</strong> All Forms <strong>of</strong> Violence Against Women include: battering; sexual abuse; marital rape; female genital mutilation and other traditional practices harmful to women; non-spousal violence; violence related to exploitation; sexual harassment and intimidation at work, in educational institutions and elsewhere; trafficking in women; forced prostitution; and violence perpetrated or condoned by the state. Recent events on the international stage have brought gender-based violence in refugee, internal displacement and post-conflict situations to the forefront <strong>of</strong> public awareness. <strong>The</strong>re has been an increasing recognition among humanitarian aid organizations that gender-based violence is an affront to public health, to universally accepted human rights guarantees and to the restoration <strong>of</strong> refugee and internally displaced families and communities. Nevertheless, field tools to facilitate activities to prevent or respond to gender-based violence are limited, as is the capacity <strong>of</strong> the humanitarian community to address genderbased violence comprehensively in conflict and post-conflict settings. <strong>The</strong>re are no standard methods for evaluating international and local NGOs’ programmatic effectiveness, and scant data are available about the prevalence <strong>of</strong> genderbased violence or about best practices for quantitatively and qualitatively assessing the problem. Attention to many aspects <strong>of</strong> gender-based violence is needed, including research on the nature and scope <strong>of</strong> the problem, the creation and maintenance <strong>of</strong> services for gender-based violence survivors, and education and prevention. Recommendations <strong>The</strong> Working Group identified general strategies to address three types <strong>of</strong> gender-based violence: trafficking, domestic violence and sexual violence. <strong>The</strong>se include data and research, advocacy, training and education, direct services, and cross-cutting issues. <strong>The</strong> Group’s recommendations follow. 23
Page 1 and 2: A UNFPA Strategy for Gender Mainstr
Page 3 and 4: FOREWORD The natur
Page 5 and 6: TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword List <st
Page 7 and 8: LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
Page 9 and 10: PART I. CONSULTATIVE MEETING INTROD
Page 11 and 12: BACKGROUND Women and girls constitu
Page 13 and 14: information should include document
Page 15 and 16: BACKGROUND PAPER SUMMARIES Backgrou
Page 17 and 18: NGOs feel they have the right to wi
Page 19 and 20: includes the physical, sexual and e
Page 21 and 22: services to women and by organizing
Page 23 and 24: parties, including national and int
Page 25 and 26: WORKING GROUP REPORTS Working Group
Page 27 and 28: 2) Provide technical assistance on
Page 29: 4) Provide reproductive supplies an
Page 33 and 34: 2) Advocacy: Problem: • Insuffici
Page 35 and 36: • Support, for perpetrators <stro
Page 37 and 38: Report of Working
Page 39 and 40: population groups can be disrupted
Page 41 and 42: • Implementation, monitoring and
Page 43 and 44: Report of Working
Page 45 and 46: • Build advocacy skills, networki
Page 47 and 48: • Coordinate and promote cooperat
Page 49 and 50: PART II. BACKGROUND PAPERS THE IMPA
Page 51 and 52: isolation and brings into the analy
Page 53 and 54: Target Groups Women Women and child
Page 55 and 56: Approaches The Def
Page 57 and 58: and take necessary steps to overcom
Page 59 and 60: Refugees must be involved in defini
Page 61 and 62: Sexually Transmitted Infections and
Page 63 and 64: Return and Reintegration In additio
Page 65 and 66: This will involve much more than th
Page 67 and 68: • Greater attention should be giv
Page 69 and 70: Post-conflict regions have not effe
Page 71 and 72: “Although the particular forms <s
Page 73 and 74: A major premise of
Page 75 and 76: participate refused. 15 In the surv
Page 77 and 78: problems. These SO
Page 79 and 80: community. It could destroy a victi
Page 81 and 82:
and Herzegovina. The</stron
Page 83 and 84:
IPTF operates geographically throug
Page 85 and 86:
WOMEN AND GIRLS IN KOSOVO: THE EFFE
Page 87 and 88:
More than two years have passed. On
Page 89 and 90:
young girls to attend school, among
Page 91 and 92:
to different cultural attitudes tow
Page 93 and 94:
opportunities as a result o
Page 95 and 96:
average rate of 2.
Page 97 and 98:
strict rules and have punished thei
Page 99 and 100:
One of the issues
Page 101 and 102:
difficult issues such as the budget
Page 103 and 104:
Legislative reforms are needed in m
Page 105 and 106:
Transitional Council and convinced
Page 107 and 108:
• All agencies should have instit
Page 109 and 110:
insecurity about the future, unempl
Page 111 and 112:
Walking the painful path of
Page 113 and 114:
decide to return to their husband
Page 115 and 116:
Crises usually affect more women th
Page 117 and 118:
• Establishing communication chan
Page 119 and 120:
• Supporting grass-roots women’
Page 121 and 122:
Women and men have different approa
Page 123 and 124:
organized meetings to promote recon
Page 125 and 126:
Recommendations Post-conflict socie
Page 127 and 128:
7. Presentation and discussion <str
Page 129 and 130:
The Role o
Page 131 and 132:
Working Group Three: The</s
Page 133 and 134:
Country/City Participant Agency Spe
Page 135 and 136:
Kyrgyzstan Bernara Alimbaeva Nepal
Page 137 and 138:
New York Mohammad Nizamuddin UNFPA-
Page 139 and 140:
United Kingdom Sippi Azerbaijani- M
Page 141 and 142:
John Snow International Research an
Page 143 and 144:
UNFPA: Pamela DeLargy, Emergency an
Page 145 and 146:
ANNEX 5: MINIMUM INITIAL SERVICE PA
Page 147 and 148:
• Staff trained and sensitized on
Page 149:
220 East 42nd Street New York, NY 1
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The Impact of Armed Conflict on Women and Girls - UNFPA

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