The Impact of Armed Conflict on Women and Girls - UNFPA

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<strong>The</strong> Centre for Peace, Non-Violence and Human Rights in Osijek, Croatia, has facilitated cross-border communication and peaceful co-existence in Slavonia and Baranja since 1994. <strong>The</strong> Mediterranean Women’s Studies Centre created the Balkan Women’s Network for Democratization and <strong>Conflict</strong> Prevention within the Royaumont Initiative. Finally, KEGME is uniting women’s NGOs from all Balkan countries under the mandate to promote sustainable peace and stability in South- Eastern Europe. <strong>The</strong> strongest entry point for collective action is under violence against women. That women in all conflict regions have been subjected to numerous atrocities and indignities has galvanized the international and the local communities. Women’s NGOs have taken the lead, organized themselves and put great effort into alleviating the suffering <strong>of</strong> traumatized women and their families. <strong>The</strong>y have distributed food and medical assistance; set up centres and clinics for women; and provided psychological support, reproductive health education and gynaecological treatment. One example is the Medica Mondiale, which was established by the Albanian NGO Forum gradually to reintegrate Kosovar refugee women into society. In Croatia, the Centre for Non-Violent Action produced posters, leaflets, TV commercials, T-shirts and advertisements in tram-vehicles to raise public awareness and oppose violence against women. B.a.B.e. organized a public awareness campaign on the issue <strong>of</strong> violence against women entitled “16 days against violence.” <strong>The</strong> campaign involved three years <strong>of</strong> wide media coverage. Civil society, NGOs and especially women’s NGOs, draw on their experiences and visions to undertake major efforts in conflict transformation and local society-rebuilding. Governments, international agencies and private donors must recognize their efforts and initiatives. <strong>The</strong> expertise and knowledge <strong>of</strong> women’s NGOs must be utilized and their projects supported. Above all, they should be included in all decision-making processes for peace and security according to United Nations Security Council Resolution 1325. 116
Recommendations Post-conflict societies and countries in transition face the great challenges <strong>of</strong> reconstruction and rehabilitation. <strong>The</strong>y need financial and technical resources in order to meet the demands <strong>of</strong> rebuilding political, economic and social sectors. Usually, funders target specific sectors, such as education, economic development, democratic governance, energy and environment, population and health. In disbursing funds for civil society building, however, donors must take into consideration the gender dimension in all income-generating activities and development programmes. An integral approach is necessary to implement projects that include men and women, and to strengthen efforts to develop healthy societies. Specifically, funding is needed for: • Income generation and skills training in micro-enterprises to address unemployment and increase self-sufficiency; • Health education projects, including reproductive health; • Education projects with built-in sustainability and prevention for problems such as drug abuse and STIs, including HIV/AIDS, for girls and adolescents; • Training courses for teachers, social workers and parents on how to identify children’s sexual abuse; • Gender-awareness training, advocacy and leadership skills; • Training <strong>of</strong> trainers for health-care provision; and • Skills development on conflict prevention and transformation. Donors should include financial aid to provide technical assistance to NGOs, specifically to strengthen their capacities. Donors must also encourage the creation <strong>of</strong> partnerships between NGOs and local governments so that they can jointly identify priority areas. As such, these partnerships can maximize benefits for both partners, and together they can establish self-sustaining social systems. 117
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A UNFPA Strategy for Gender Mainstr
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FOREWORD The natur
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Foreword List <st
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LIST OF ACRONYMS AND ABBREVIATIONS
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PART I. CONSULTATIVE MEETING INTROD
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BACKGROUND Women and girls constitu
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information should include document
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BACKGROUND PAPER SUMMARIES Backgrou
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NGOs feel they have the right to wi
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includes the physical, sexual and e
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services to women and by organizing
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parties, including national and int
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WORKING GROUP REPORTS Working Group
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2) Provide technical assistance on
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4) Provide reproductive supplies an
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Report of Working
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2) Advocacy: Problem: • Insuffici
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• Support, for perpetrators <stro
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Report of Working
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population groups can be disrupted
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• Implementation, monitoring and
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Report of Working
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• Build advocacy skills, networki
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• Coordinate and promote cooperat
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PART II. BACKGROUND PAPERS THE IMPA
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isolation and brings into the analy
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Target Groups Women Women and child
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Approaches The Def
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and take necessary steps to overcom
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Refugees must be involved in defini
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Sexually Transmitted Infections and
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Return and Reintegration In additio
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This will involve much more than th
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• Greater attention should be giv
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Post-conflict regions have not effe
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“Although the particular forms <s
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Page 75 and 76: participate refused. 15 In the surv
Page 77 and 78: problems. These SO
Page 79 and 80: community. It could destroy a victi
Page 81 and 82: and Herzegovina. The</stron
Page 83 and 84: IPTF operates geographically throug
Page 85 and 86: WOMEN AND GIRLS IN KOSOVO: THE EFFE
Page 87 and 88: More than two years have passed. On
Page 89 and 90: young girls to attend school, among
Page 91 and 92: to different cultural attitudes tow
Page 93 and 94: opportunities as a result o
Page 95 and 96: average rate of 2.
Page 97 and 98: strict rules and have punished thei
Page 99 and 100: One of the issues
Page 101 and 102: difficult issues such as the budget
Page 103 and 104: Legislative reforms are needed in m
Page 105 and 106: Transitional Council and convinced
Page 107 and 108: • All agencies should have instit
Page 109 and 110: insecurity about the future, unempl
Page 111 and 112: Walking the painful path of
Page 113 and 114: decide to return to their husband
Page 115 and 116: Crises usually affect more women th
Page 117 and 118: • Establishing communication chan
Page 119 and 120: • Supporting grass-roots women’
Page 121 and 122: Women and men have different approa
Page 123: organized meetings to promote recon
Page 127 and 128: 7. Presentation and discussion <str
Page 129 and 130: The Role o
Page 131 and 132: Working Group Three: The</s
Page 133 and 134: Country/City Participant Agency Spe
Page 135 and 136: Kyrgyzstan Bernara Alimbaeva Nepal
Page 137 and 138: New York Mohammad Nizamuddin UNFPA-
Page 139 and 140: United Kingdom Sippi Azerbaijani- M
Page 141 and 142: John Snow International Research an
Page 143 and 144: UNFPA: Pamela DeLargy, Emergency an
Page 145 and 146: ANNEX 5: MINIMUM INITIAL SERVICE PA
Page 147 and 148: • Staff trained and sensitized on
Page 149: 220 East 42nd Street New York, NY 1
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