FRIDAY MORNING, 20 MAY 2005 REGENCY E, 8:30 A.M. TO 12:00 ...

5pSC4. Lip and jaw closing gesture durations in syllable final voiced
and voiceless stops. Willis Warren Univ. of Texas Dept of Linguist.,
Calhoun 501, 1 University Station B5100, Austin, TX 78712-0198,
warisill@mail.utexas.edu and Adam Jacks Univ. of Texas, Austin, TX
78712
It is generally assumed that the longer vowel durations in voiced final
consonant contexts can be attributed to longer vowel steady state durations
wherein the jaw remains stable for a longer period of time see diagrams
in Chen, 1970; Summers, 1987. Chen 1970 argued that the rate of
closure duration was the best explanation for the vowel length effect.
However, the closure durational differences he reported were very small
relative to the reported differences in vowel duration with an average of 17
ms to 92 ms. Lip and jaw movements for two speakers were measured and
synchronized with acoustic data in the CSD department at the University
of Texas using the head-mounted lip-jaw movement transducer HML-
JMT of Barlow et al. 1983. This study provides much stronger evidence
for Chen’s hypothesis, suggesting that there is a more dynamic arc to the
jaw. While Chen 1970 gave data showing the closing gesture accounted
for less than 20% of the overall difference, the data given here, shows that
the duration of the closing gesture can account for 80% of the total vowel
durational differences, and the remainder can be accounted for in the
opening gesture and the relative timing of vocal cord cessation.
5pSC5. Assimilation context effects as cue grouping phenomena.
Nicole Couture, Sarah Godbois Dept. of Psych., Salem State College,
352 Lafayette St., Salem, MA 09170, gow@helix.mgh.harvard.edu, and
David W. Gow, Jr. Massachusetts General Hospital, Boston, MA 02114
Listeners show bidirectional context effects in the perception of spontaneously
assimilated speech. One account of these phenomena, feature
cue parsing theory, suggests that both regressive and progressive context
effects result from the same perceptual grouping process of aligning feature
cues with assimilated word offsets and assimilating word onsets. This
hypothesis was examined through two form priming experiments that explored
the interpretation of spontaneously assimilated items under manipulations
that either favored or disfavored the perceptual grouping of feature
cues associated with assimilated and assimilating items. In both experiments,
listeners heard phrases such as right berries in which a word final
coronal segment /t/ assimilated the non-coronal place of a subsequent
word onset labial /b/ to form an item that sounded like one of its lexical
competitors ripe. In Experiment 1 spatial continuity was manipulated
through the use of same and different side lateralized presentation of assimilated
words and their contexts. In Experiment 2 continuity in speaker
identity was manipulated through cross-splicing. Analyses contrasted the
pattern of priming found in continuous versus non-continuous contexts.
The results are discussed in the terms of competing interpretations of
assimilation context effects. Work supported by the NIH.
5pSC6. Relationships among perceived sexual orientation, perceived
height, and perceived speech clarity. Benjamin Munson and Elizabeth
C. McDonald Dept. Speech-Lang.-Hearing Sci., Univ. of Minnesota, 115
Shevlin Hall, 164 Pillsbury Dr., SE, Minneapolis, MN 55455
Munso005@umn.edu
Previous research B. Munson, Linguist. Soc. Am. 2005 showed that
listeners rate self-identified gay/lesbian/bisexual GLB talkers as more-
GLB sounding than self-identified heterosexual talkers when listening to
readings of single words in isolation. In this investigation, we examine
relationships among measures of perceived sexual orientation PSO and
two other perceptual measures made from the same talkers’ speech, perceived
height and perceived speech clarity. Ratings were collected from
three independent groups of listeners. Regression analyses showed that
approximately 80% of the variance in PSO of women’s voices was predicted
by measures of perceived clarity women rated as speaking more
clearly were more likely to be rated as heterosexual-sounding than women
rated as speaking less clearly and perceived height women rated as
sounding tall were more likely to be rated as GLB-sounding than women
rated to sound short. In contrast, 50% of the variance in men’s sexual
orientation was predicted by measures of perceived clarity men rated as
speaking more clearly were more likely to be rated as GLB-sounding than
men rated as speaking less clearly. These results suggest that ratings of
PSO from speech may be mediated by judgments of other parameters that
are robustly coded in short samples of speech.
5pSC7. Relative contributions of feedback and editing in language
production: Behavioral & articulatory evidence. Corey T. McMillan,
Martin Corley Univ. of Edinburgh, PPLS, 7 George Square, Rm. F23,
Edinburgh, EH8 9JZ, UK, Corey.McMillan@ed.ac.uk, Robin J. Lickley
Queen Margaret Univ. College, Edinburgh, EH12 8TS, UK, and Robert
J. Hartsuiker Univ. of Ghent, 9000 Ghent, Belgium
Psychologists normally attribute the surfacing of phonological speech
errors to one of two factors: editing of the speech plan Levelt 1989 or
feedback between word and phoneme levels Dell 1986. This paper
assesses the relative contributions of each factor, focusing on the perception
and articulation of elicited speech errors. Experiments one and two
measure the likelihood of phonological exchange errors as a function of
phonetic similarity Frisch 1996, using the SLIP paradigm and a tonguetwister
task. Both experiments show that error likelihood increases with
phonetic similarity between intended and actual utterance, an effect easy
to account for in terms of feedback but not in terms of editing. Experiment
three uses EPG to analyze the tongue-twister utterances: many errors occur
at the articulatory level but are not easily perceived in the speech
signal. Preliminary analysis suggests three patterns of error: 1 substitution
of segments, which may be the result of editing; 2 simultaneous
double articulation, hypothesized to be the result of residual activation due
to feedback; and 3 overlapping double articulation, representing partial
execution of one articulation before substitution with another. Taking these
findings together, we hope to evaluate the relative contributions of editing
and feedback to phonological speech errors.
5pSC8. Acoustical study of the development of stop consonants in
children. Annika K. Imbrie Speech Commun. Group, MIT, Rm.
36-545, 77 Massachusetts Ave., Cambridge, MA 02139, imbrie@mit.edu
This study focuses on the acoustic patterns of stop consonants and
adjacent vowels as they develop in young children ages 2;6-3;3 over a
six month period. Over forty different acoustic measurements were made
on each utterance, including durational, amplitude, spectral, formant, and
harmonic measurements. These acoustic data are interpreted in terms of
the supraglottal, laryngeal, and respiratory actions that give rise to them.
Data show that some details of the child’s gestures are still far from
achieving the adult pattern. Significant findings include a high number of
bursts in children’s stop productions, possibly due to greater compliance
of the active articulator. The incidence of multiple bursts decreases over
the period of the study. Measurements of the burst spectra show that the
production of all three places of articulation is close to normal. Finally,
children’s voiced stop productions display a delayed onset of voicing for
all three places of articulation, indicating difficulty with coordination of
closure of the glottis and release of the primary articulator. This measurement
is found to decrease toward adult values over six months. Analysis of
longitudinal data on young children will result in better models of the
development of motor speech production. Work supported by NIH grant
DC00075.
5pSC9. Relations between speech sensorimotor adaptation and
perceptual acuity. Virgilio Villacorta, Joseph Perkell, and Frank
Guenther Res. Lab of Electron., Mass. Inst. of Tech., 50 Vassar St., Ste.
36-511, Cambridge, MA 02139
The goal of this research is to study the auditory component of feedback
control in speech production. This experiment investigates auditory
sensorimotor adaptation SA as it relates to speech production: the pro-
2618 J. Acoust. Soc. Am., Vol. 117, No. 4, Pt. 2, April 2005 149th Meeting: Acoustical Society of America 2618