Australia's Gambling Industries - Productivity Commission

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F.11 Contact and participation rates achieved Because of the two phase nature of the survey, contact and participation rates are reported for the screener and the main questionnaire (table F.3). The following discussion details the conservative approach to calculating the response rate, though calculations for the screener questionnaire are reported in terms of both the conservative and upper bound approaches to allow comparisons with other studies. Phase 1 — the screener questionnaire Of the 31 886 numbers originally dialled, 6 623 were classified as ineligible for a variety of reasons: • they were a disconnected number, or a business or fax number; • there was no-one in the household aged 18 years or over; or there was no-one available in the younger age groups when the respondent selection was changed from the last birthday method to the respondent that had the age-gender description needed to fill the quotas to their minimum level; and • other reasons for ineligibility (such as cellular phone numbers, respondents having two numbers, hearing problems/elderly). A total of 22 460 calls can therefore be regarded as ‘eligible’ numbers. Two categories of ‘no replies’ are reported in the table — the ‘no replies 4+ callbacks’ (those where there was no answer even after 5 call attempts) and the ‘no replies < 4 callbacks’ (those that did not have their full number of callbacks completed by the cut-off date for the end of the fieldwork phase). Ideally the latter number should be as close as possible to zero; but it is still small relative to the total numbers dialled (around 1 per cent). The contact rate achieved was 86 per cent. After taking account of terminations, refusals, and appointments not met, 10 609 completed screeners were obtained — a participation rate of 55 per cent. The overall response rate for the screener was therefore 47 per cent. Using the upper bound method (treating the no replies as ‘eligibility not determined’ and therefore excluded from eligible numbers) gives a response rate of 55 per cent. The results for the National Gambling Survey are therefore similar to the best of the surveys that have been carried out in recent times. NATIONAL GAMBLING SURVEY F.27
Table F.3 Contact and participation rates for National Gambling Survey Item/nature of respondent No. No. Conservative method Total numbers dialled 31 886 Ineligible — disconnected number, business, fax 6 623 Ineligible — no-one fits introductory/quota criteria 1 719 Ineligible — mobile phone, other reasons 1 084 Eligible numbers 22 460 No replies (< 4 callbacks) 375 No replies (4+ callbacks) 2 683 Engaged 39 Eligible Contacts 19 363 Upper bound method Total numbers dialled 31 886 No replies (< 4 callbacks) 375 No replies (4+ callbacks) 2 683 Engaged 39 Total less eligibility not determined 28 789 Ineligible — disconnected number, business, fax 6 623 Ineligible — no-one fits introductory/quota criteria 1 719 Ineligible — mobile phone, other reasons 1 084 Eligible numbers 19 363 Appointments 78 Refusals (before relevant respondent identified) 7 657 Foreign language a 230 Other terminations b 96 Screener questionnaire Relevant respondent identified 11 302 Refuses to continue 450 Agrees and starts screener 10 852 Terminates mid-screener 243 Completes screener 10 609 Screener contact rate (conservative method) (%) 86 Screener participation rate (conservative method) (%) 55 Screener response rate (conservative method) (%) 47 Screener response rate (upper bound method) (%) 55 Main questionnaire Qualifies 3 809 Refuses to continue 260 Agrees and starts interview 3 549 Terminates mid-interview 51 Completes interview 3 498 Main questionnaire participation rate (%) 92 a While foreign language interviews were undertaken, this category represents those who the interviewers were unable to get back to. b Includes ‘did not wish to continue’; ‘no reason given’. Source: PC National Gambling Survey. F.28 GAMBLING
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Australia’s Gambling Industries I
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Contents of other volumes Volume 1
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Australian Capital Territory Federa
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Tasmania Wrest Point Casino New Zea
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Marianne James Prof Jan McMillen Pe
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Canberra, 30 November 1998 Senator
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Sydney, 16-17 September 1999 Rev Fr
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N Ward 28 Evelyn Jago 29 Territory
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Australian Hotels Association (SA)
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Women’s Health West 176 Norfolk I
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BetSafe Group - Paul Symond Consult
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B Participation in gambling: data t
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Table B.2 Participation in gambling
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Table B.4 Participation in gambling
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product in excess of the price paid
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C.2 Consumer surplus in the gamblin
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from increased consumption resultin
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Figure C.2 Tax and consumer surplus
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Table C.3 Price elasticities of dem
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Figure C.3 Consumer surplus for pro
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Box C.1 continued (e) That part of
Page 44 and 45: Table C.4 continued Wagering Lotter
Page 46 and 47: s n = share of gambling expenditure
Page 48 and 49: Figure C.6 Demand for gambling by p
Page 50 and 51: • the triangular area ’g’ whi
Page 52 and 53: The Commission’s treatment falls
Page 54 and 55: Box C.4 Explaining the lack of vari
Page 56 and 57: demand may become elastic, as peopl
Page 58 and 59: There are a number possible explana
Page 60 and 61: • Firstly, there has been extraor
Page 62 and 63: E Gambling in indigenous communitie
Page 64 and 65: The pattern of institutionally-base
Page 66 and 67: chase the “miracles” offered by
Page 68 and 69: F National Gambling Survey F.1 Intr
Page 70 and 71: F.2 The questionnaire Development o
Page 72 and 73: The use of this sampling approach m
Page 74 and 75: Box F.1 List of gambling activities
Page 76 and 77: • Big spending regular or less fr
Page 78 and 79: Questions asked of all respondents
Page 80 and 81: Comparisons of aggregate expenditur
Page 82 and 83: elated to their gambling — all
Page 84 and 85: Interview duration As with any ques
Page 86 and 87: ecause of non-payment), while there
Page 88 and 89: • post-weighting the sample data
Page 90 and 91: particular area/age/gender cell fro
Page 92 and 93: esult in turn reflects the survey p
Page 96 and 97: Being aware of the need to minimise
Page 98 and 99: NATIONAL GAMBLING SURVEY F.31
Page 119 and 120: F.52 GAMBLING
Page 135 and 136: G Survey of Clients of Counselling
Page 137 and 138: G.3 Question by question A1 to A3
Page 139 and 140: D23 — is concerned with the mecha
Page 141 and 142: of problem gambling (eg how many ch
Page 143 and 144: CLIENT SURVEY G.9
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CLIENT SURVEY G.11
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CLIENT SURVEY G.13
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CLIENT SURVEY G.15
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CLIENT SURVEY G.17
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CLIENT SURVEY G.19
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CLIENT SURVEY G.21
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CLIENT SURVEY G.23
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CLIENT SURVEY G.25
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Problem gamblers may subsequently b
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For a subset of 856 clients in 1996
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Table H.3 Variable Logistic estimat
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Prison, South Australia’s main re
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• “Has your gambling ever led y
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elicit information on vocational, f
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This finding is consistent with the
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H.5 What crimes do problem gamblers
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Other more violent crimes such as b
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But as noted above, police statisti
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H.8 Problem gambling and loan shark
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epayments were required — but mos
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State Gaming Authorities data The s
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Table I.2 Unweighted estimation Med
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machines. There is no statistically
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Figure I.2 Expenditure on gaming ma
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Weighted results The Commission’s
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Table I.7 Summary of Victorian metr
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Table I.9 Summary of Queensland reg
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it is likely to represent the more
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Table J.1 presents the information
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suffer from some of the adverse con
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• costs of gambling counselling s
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To the extent that borrowed money i
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This fee is only taken in estates w
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• for a higher estimate, the numb
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The Commission has assumed that the
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• to estimate the income lost ove
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the Commission has used this estima
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• 336 people receiving a jail sen
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states offer up to $50 000 each for
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As indicated in table J.6, where pr
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seen as part of the informal contra
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Almost all divorce cases are uncont
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of their gambling during the period
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Suicide ideation The Commission’s
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Table J.10 continued People a Per p
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Table J.12 Value of annual transfer
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pathological and problem gamblers a
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Table K.2 Summary of cost estimates
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L Survey of Counselling Services Th
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Several academics working in the ar
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L.4 Survey results Nature of agenci
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Number of clients The survey includ
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Characteristics of gambling clients
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counselling because of someone else
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Table L.17 Full time equivalent pai
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Table L.20 Approaches used to help
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Table L.24 Gambling clients ending
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More specifically, agencies said fu
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Centacare (Whyalla) Centre for Anxi
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SURVEY OF COUNSELLING SERVICES L.23
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Table M.1 Major forms of gambling t
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and sport development fund. In some
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Tax on keno In New South Wales, the
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Poker machines In most states, lice
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Table M3: Gaming machine taxation b
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Table M3: (continued) Hotels: Levie
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Table M4: (continued) NSW VIC QLD W
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Table M5: (continued) OTHER GAMBLIN
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N.1 Characteristics of machines of
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Table N.1 Australia, Japan, United
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Table N.2 Australia, Indiana, Conne
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The following discussion of gaming
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Canada Broadly speaking, Canada has
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Figure N.4 Japanese pachislo machin
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Winnings Progressive jackpots are p
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Bets and losses Bets and losses on
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In Japan, the minimum amount requir
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N.2 Market segments As with many ot
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Box N.4 Comments on market segments
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O Displacement of illegal gambling?
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survive together because they cater
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P Spending by problem gamblers The
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Table P.1 Outlays, player losses an
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Table P.3 Concentration of outlays
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Figure P.2 Distribution of outlay b
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Table P.4 Expenditure shares of pro
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is adjusted for biases in its estim
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ACIL (sub. D233. p. 48) claimed tha
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P.5 Estimating the expenditure shar
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expenditures shares are shown in ta
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of counselling agencies is necessar
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Table Q.2 Employment status of prob
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Table Q.3 continued Study Average a
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Relationship status The greater inv
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Table Q.6 Gender of problem gambler
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The pattern of an increased feminis
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R Bankruptcy and gambling This appe
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Table R.2 Age profile of bankrupts,
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Table R.5 New bankruptcies per mill
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Figure R.2 continued Western Austra
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• The penalty has become less sev
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S State and territory gambling data
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Table S.4 Real government revenue f
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Table S.8 Real government revenue,
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Table S.12 Real government revenue
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Dickerson et al (1998, p. 79) for e
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However, the survey used a set of p
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T.3 The logistic approach The NORC
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Table T.3 Method Various estimates
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such as France and the US (Casino I
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Table U.2 An example of an outcome
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intensity on the 85.15 per cent Cas
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considers that the machine price
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egular playing (30 years) the proba
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for an amount of time that is less
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U.6 The gambler’s fallacy Gambler
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This does not mean that a person ca
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V Use of the SOGS in Australian gam
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Differences in question wording and
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References AADAC (Alberta Alcohol a
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—— 1998, Efficient Tobacco Taxa
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Bickerdyke, I. and Lattimore, R. 19
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——, Dickerson, M. and Harley, B
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Campbell, C. and Smith G. 1998, Can
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—— and Winefield, A.H. 1996, Co
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——, Baxter, P., Boreham, P., Ha
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Ferguson, B. 1996, A Note on the In
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—— 1997, Legalised Gambling as
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Horner, T. and Bradfield, G. 1998,
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——, Marston, A., Singer, R., Wi
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Gambling Studies, ‘Towards 2000:
Page 425 and 426:
—— 1995b, Social impacts of urb
Page 427 and 428:
—— and Ohtsuka, K. 1999, ‘The
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NT Select Committee (Select Committ
Page 431 and 432:
Prosser, G., Breen, H., Weeks, P. a
Page 433 and 434:
Single, E., Collins, D., Easton, B.
Page 435 and 436:
Thomas, S., Jackson, A., Thomason,
Page 437 and 438:
—— 1997, Gambling and Problem G
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