Australia's Gambling Industries - Productivity Commission

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—— 1999b, ‘Table 094. Midyear population by age and sex’, International Data Base, http://www.census.gov (accessed September 1998). VICAG (Auditor–General, Victoria) 1996, The Community Support Fund: A Significant Community Asset, Special report 40. ——1998, Victoria’s Gaming Industry: an Insight into the Role of the Regulator, Special report 54. —— 1999a, Ministerial Portfolios Report, 26 May, Melbourne. ——1999b, Victoria’s Prison System: Community Protection and Prisoner Welfare, Special report 60. Victorian Government 1983a, Report of a Board of Inquiry into Casinos, (Inquirer, Mr Connor), Government Printer, Melbourne. —— 1983a, Report of a Board of Inquiry into Poker Machines, (Inquirer, Mr Wilcox), Government Printer, Melbourne. VCGA (Victorian Casino and Gaming Authority) 1998a, Baseline Database Mapping System, http://www.gambling.vcga.vic.gov.au (accessed June 1999). ——1998b, Tender Brief: Problem Gambler Measurement Instrument, 10 August, Melbourne. Victorian Gaming Machine Industry Codes of Practice Secretariat 1998, Responsible Gaming, An Industry Code of Practice for Victoria. Victorian Task Force 1997, Suicide prevention, Report of the Taskforce, Victorian Government. Volberg, R. 1993a, Gambling and Problem Gambling Among Adolescents in Washington State, a report prepared for the Washington State Lottery, http://www.wscpg.org. —— 1993b, Gambling and Problem Gambling Among Native Americans in North Dakota, a report prepared for the North Dakota Department of Human Services, Gemini Research, New York. —— 1994, ‘The prevalence and demographics of pathological gamblers: implications for public health’, American Journal of Public Health, vol. 84, no. 4, pp. 401–2. —— 1996a, ‘Prevalence studies of problem gambling in the United States’, Journal of Gambling Studies, vol. 12, no. 2. Summer, pp. 111–28. —— 1996b, Problem Gambling in New Brunswick, Review and Recommendations, a report prepared for the New Brunswick Department of Finance, http://inter.gov.nb.ca/finance/vlt/appendfe.htm. REF.36 GAMBLING
—— 1997, Gambling and Problem Gambling in Oregon, report prepared for the Oregon Gambling Addiction Treatment Foundation. —— and Abbott, M. 1994, ‘Lifetime prevalence estimates of pathological gambling in New Zealand’, International Journal of Epidemiology, 23(5), 976-983. ——, Moore, W., Christiansen, E., Cummings, W. and Banks, S, 1998, ‘Unaffordable losses: estimating the proportion of gambling revenues derived from problem gamblers’, Gaming Law Review, vol. 2, no. 4, pp. 349–59. —— and Steadman, H.J. 1988, ‘Refining prevalence estimates of pathological gambling’, American Journal of Psychiatry, vol. 145, pp. 502–5. —— and Stuefen, R. 1991, Gambling and Problem Gambling in South Dakota, Report to the Governor’s Office of South Dakota. Walker, J. 1997, ‘Estimates of the costs of crime in Australia in 1996’, Trends And Issues In Crime And Criminal Justice, vol. 72, pp. 1–6. Walker, M. 1992, The Psychology of Gambling, Pergamon Press, Oxford. —— 1995, Pathological gambling: the fundamental error, paper presented to the National Association for Gambling Studies, Fremantle, 28-30 September. —— 1997, Problem Gamblers Receiving Counselling or Treatment in New South Wales: Baseline Survey, Report to the New South Wales Casino Community Benefit Trust, Sydney. —— 1998a, Problem Gamblers Receiving Counselling or Treatment in New South Wales, Second Survey, report prepared for the Casino Community Benefit Fund Trustees. —— 1998b, Gambling Government, the Economic and Social Impacts, University of New South Wales Press. Wallisch, L. 1996, Gambling in Texas: 1995 Surveys of Adult and Adolsecent Gambling Behaviour, Texas Commission on Alcohol and Drug Abuse, Austin, Texas. Walsh, C. 1990, ‘Individuality, irrationality and public policy’, in Brennan, G. and Walsh, C. (eds), Rationality, Individuality and Public Policy, Canberra, pp. 145–77. Weinstein, D. and Deitch, L. 1974, The Impact of Legalised Gambling: The Socioeconomic Consequences of Lotteries and Off-Track Betting,,Praeger Publishers, New York. WACOSS (Western Australian Council of Social Services) 1997, The Cost of Pokies, An overview of the Adverse Social and Economic Impacts of Poker Machines, a WACOSS Discussion Paper, May. REF.37
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Australia’s Gambling Industries I
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Contents of other volumes Volume 1
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Australian Capital Territory Federa
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Tasmania Wrest Point Casino New Zea
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Marianne James Prof Jan McMillen Pe
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Canberra, 30 November 1998 Senator
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Sydney, 16-17 September 1999 Rev Fr
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N Ward 28 Evelyn Jago 29 Territory
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Australian Hotels Association (SA)
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Women’s Health West 176 Norfolk I
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BetSafe Group - Paul Symond Consult
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B Participation in gambling: data t
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Table B.2 Participation in gambling
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Table B.4 Participation in gambling
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product in excess of the price paid
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C.2 Consumer surplus in the gamblin
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from increased consumption resultin
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Figure C.2 Tax and consumer surplus
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Table C.3 Price elasticities of dem
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Figure C.3 Consumer surplus for pro
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Box C.1 continued (e) That part of
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Table C.4 continued Wagering Lotter
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s n = share of gambling expenditure
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Figure C.6 Demand for gambling by p
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• the triangular area ’g’ whi
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The Commission’s treatment falls
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Box C.4 Explaining the lack of vari
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demand may become elastic, as peopl
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There are a number possible explana
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• Firstly, there has been extraor
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E Gambling in indigenous communitie
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The pattern of institutionally-base
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chase the “miracles” offered by
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F National Gambling Survey F.1 Intr
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F.2 The questionnaire Development o
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The use of this sampling approach m
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Box F.1 List of gambling activities
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• Big spending regular or less fr
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Questions asked of all respondents
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Comparisons of aggregate expenditur
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elated to their gambling — all
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Interview duration As with any ques
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ecause of non-payment), while there
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• post-weighting the sample data
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particular area/age/gender cell fro
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esult in turn reflects the survey p
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F.11 Contact and participation rate
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Being aware of the need to minimise
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NATIONAL GAMBLING SURVEY F.31
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F.52 GAMBLING
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F.54 GAMBLING
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F.56 GAMBLING
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F.58 GAMBLING
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F.60 GAMBLING
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F.62 GAMBLING
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F.64 GAMBLING
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F.66 GAMBLING
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G Survey of Clients of Counselling
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G.3 Question by question A1 to A3
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D23 — is concerned with the mecha
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of problem gambling (eg how many ch
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CLIENT SURVEY G.9
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CLIENT SURVEY G.11
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CLIENT SURVEY G.13
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CLIENT SURVEY G.15
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CLIENT SURVEY G.17
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CLIENT SURVEY G.19
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CLIENT SURVEY G.21
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CLIENT SURVEY G.23
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CLIENT SURVEY G.25
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Problem gamblers may subsequently b
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For a subset of 856 clients in 1996
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Table H.3 Variable Logistic estimat
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Prison, South Australia’s main re
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• “Has your gambling ever led y
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elicit information on vocational, f
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This finding is consistent with the
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H.5 What crimes do problem gamblers
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Other more violent crimes such as b
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But as noted above, police statisti
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H.8 Problem gambling and loan shark
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epayments were required — but mos
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State Gaming Authorities data The s
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Table I.2 Unweighted estimation Med
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machines. There is no statistically
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Figure I.2 Expenditure on gaming ma
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Weighted results The Commission’s
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Table I.7 Summary of Victorian metr
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Table I.9 Summary of Queensland reg
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it is likely to represent the more
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Table J.1 presents the information
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suffer from some of the adverse con
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• costs of gambling counselling s
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To the extent that borrowed money i
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This fee is only taken in estates w
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• for a higher estimate, the numb
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The Commission has assumed that the
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• to estimate the income lost ove
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the Commission has used this estima
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• 336 people receiving a jail sen
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states offer up to $50 000 each for
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As indicated in table J.6, where pr
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seen as part of the informal contra
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Almost all divorce cases are uncont
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of their gambling during the period
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Suicide ideation The Commission’s
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Table J.10 continued People a Per p
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Table J.12 Value of annual transfer
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pathological and problem gamblers a
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Table K.2 Summary of cost estimates
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L Survey of Counselling Services Th
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Several academics working in the ar
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L.4 Survey results Nature of agenci
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Number of clients The survey includ
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Characteristics of gambling clients
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counselling because of someone else
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Table L.17 Full time equivalent pai
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Table L.20 Approaches used to help
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Table L.24 Gambling clients ending
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More specifically, agencies said fu
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Centacare (Whyalla) Centre for Anxi
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SURVEY OF COUNSELLING SERVICES L.23
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Table M.1 Major forms of gambling t
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and sport development fund. In some
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Tax on keno In New South Wales, the
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Poker machines In most states, lice
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Table M3: Gaming machine taxation b
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Table M3: (continued) Hotels: Levie
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Table M4: (continued) NSW VIC QLD W
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Table M5: (continued) OTHER GAMBLIN
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N.1 Characteristics of machines of
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Table N.1 Australia, Japan, United
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Table N.2 Australia, Indiana, Conne
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The following discussion of gaming
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Canada Broadly speaking, Canada has
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Figure N.4 Japanese pachislo machin
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Winnings Progressive jackpots are p
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Bets and losses Bets and losses on
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In Japan, the minimum amount requir
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N.2 Market segments As with many ot
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Box N.4 Comments on market segments
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O Displacement of illegal gambling?
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survive together because they cater
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P Spending by problem gamblers The
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Table P.1 Outlays, player losses an
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Table P.3 Concentration of outlays
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Figure P.2 Distribution of outlay b
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Table P.4 Expenditure shares of pro
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is adjusted for biases in its estim
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ACIL (sub. D233. p. 48) claimed tha
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P.5 Estimating the expenditure shar
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expenditures shares are shown in ta
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of counselling agencies is necessar
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Table Q.2 Employment status of prob
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Table Q.3 continued Study Average a
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Relationship status The greater inv
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Table Q.6 Gender of problem gambler
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The pattern of an increased feminis
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R Bankruptcy and gambling This appe
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Table R.2 Age profile of bankrupts,
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Table R.5 New bankruptcies per mill
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Figure R.2 continued Western Austra
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• The penalty has become less sev
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S State and territory gambling data
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Table S.4 Real government revenue f
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Table S.8 Real government revenue,
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Table S.12 Real government revenue
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Dickerson et al (1998, p. 79) for e
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However, the survey used a set of p
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T.3 The logistic approach The NORC
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Table T.3 Method Various estimates
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such as France and the US (Casino I
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Table U.2 An example of an outcome
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Page 393 and 394: U.6 The gambler’s fallacy Gambler
Page 395 and 396: This does not mean that a person ca
Page 397 and 398: V Use of the SOGS in Australian gam
Page 399 and 400: Differences in question wording and
Page 401 and 402: References AADAC (Alberta Alcohol a
Page 403 and 404: —— 1998, Efficient Tobacco Taxa
Page 405 and 406: Bickerdyke, I. and Lattimore, R. 19
Page 407 and 408: ——, Dickerson, M. and Harley, B
Page 409 and 410: Campbell, C. and Smith G. 1998, Can
Page 411 and 412: —— and Winefield, A.H. 1996, Co
Page 413 and 414: ——, Baxter, P., Boreham, P., Ha
Page 415 and 416: Ferguson, B. 1996, A Note on the In
Page 417 and 418: —— 1997, Legalised Gambling as
Page 419 and 420: Horner, T. and Bradfield, G. 1998,
Page 421 and 422: ——, Marston, A., Singer, R., Wi
Page 423 and 424: Gambling Studies, ‘Towards 2000:
Page 425 and 426: —— 1995b, Social impacts of urb
Page 427 and 428: —— and Ohtsuka, K. 1999, ‘The
Page 429 and 430: NT Select Committee (Select Committ
Page 431 and 432: Prosser, G., Breen, H., Weeks, P. a
Page 433 and 434: Single, E., Collins, D., Easton, B.
Page 435: Thomas, S., Jackson, A., Thomason,
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Australia's Gambling Industries - Productivity Commission

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