Australia's Gambling Industries - Productivity Commission

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Roy Morgan Research 1999, Sixth Survey of Community Gambling Patterns and Perceptions, a project report prepared for the Victorian Casino and Gaming Authority, April. Royal Commission on Gambling 1978, Royal Commission on Gambling: Final Report, Her Majesty’s Stationery Office, London. Rugle, L. and Melamed, L. 1993, ‘Neuropsychological assessment of attention deficit disorder in pathological gamblers’, in Eadington W. and Cornelius J. (eds), Gambling Behaviour and Problem Gambling, Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gambling, University of Nevada, Reno. SAFCA (South Australian Financial Counsellors’ Association) 1996, Pawnbroker Survey Report. Samuleson, A., 1970, Economics, McGraw-Hill. Schauwecker 1999, ‘Pachinko’, Guide to Japan, http://www.japanguide.com/e/e2065.html (accessed August 1999). Schwarz, J. and Lindner, A. 1992, ‘Inpatient treatment of male pathological gamblers in Germany’, Journal of Gambling Studies, vol. 8, pp. 93–109. Selby, W. 1996, ‘What makes a lottery successful? A case study of Queensland’s Golden Casket Art Union’ in McMillen, J., O’Hara, J., Selby, W. and Cohen, Gamblers Paradise, Royal Historical Society of Queensland, Brisbane. Select Committee on Gambling, Legislative Assembly for the Australian Capital Territory 1999, The Social and Economic Impacts of Gambling in the ACT (with particular reference to poker machines), Final Report. Shaffer, H.J. and Hall, M.N. 1996, ‘Estimating the prevalence of adolescent gambling disorders: A quantitative synthesis and guide toward standard gambling nomenclature’, Journal of Gambling, vol. 12, pp. 193–214. ——, Hall, M.N. and Vander Bilt, J. 1997, Estimating the Prevalence of Disordered Gambling Behaviour in the United States and Canada: A Meta-analysis, Harvard Medical School Division on Addictions. ——, LaBrie, R., Scanlan, K.M., and Cummings, T.N. 1994, ‘Pathological gambling among adolescents: Massachusetts Gambling Screen (MAGS)’, Journal of Gambling Studies, vol.10, pp. 339–62. Sharpe, L. and Tarrier, N. 1993, ‘Towards a cognitive-behavioural theory of problem gambling’, British Journal of Psychiatry, vol. 162, pp. 407–12. Simon, P. Senator 1995, ‘The explosive growth of gambling in the United States’, Congressional Record for the 104th Congress, Washington. REF.32 GAMBLING
Single, E., Collins, D., Easton, B., Harwood, H., Lapsley, H. and Maynard, A. 1996, International Guidelines for Estimating the Costs of Substance Abuse, Canadian Centre on Substance Abuse (CASA), http://www.ccsa.ca/intguide.htm. Small Retailers Association of South Australia 1995a, Small Retailer, March. —— 1995b, Media Release, 6 October. —— 1996, ‘The Retail Update Survey’. News Release, 24 May. —— 1997. ‘Retail Survey - Adelaide City - September 1997’, News Release, 9 October. Smith, J. 1998, Gambling Taxation in Australia, Discussion Paper no. 16, The Australia Institute. Smoliak, A. 1997, Unplugged From the Machine: VLT Problem Gambling Treatment Client, Alberta Alcohol and Drug Abuse Commission, Alberta, http://www.gov.ab.ca/aadac/services/specialized/gambling. Sorrill, H. 1999, ‘No thunder down under’, Casino International, October, pp. 20– 21. Standing Committee on Banking, Finance and Public Administration (House of Representatives) 1995, Taxing Relaxing, March. Stardust Resort and Casino 1999, Hot Slots, http://www.stardustlv.com/html- _stardust/hot_slots/index.html. Statistics Canada 1999, All Workers, Percentage by Earnings Class, Average and Median Earnings, 1996, http://www.statcan.ca/english/Pgdb/People/Labour/labor04a.htm (accessed October 1999). Statistics New Zealand 1999, New Zealand in Profile, http://www.stats.govt.nz (accessed October 1999) Steel, D., Vella, J. and Harrington, P. 1996, ‘Quality issues in telephone surveys: coverage, non-response and quota sampling’, Australian Journal of Statistics, vol 38, no. 1, pp. 15–34. Steering Committee for the Review of Commonwealth/State Service Provision 1999, Report on Government Services 1999. Sten, R. 1998, ‘Gambling problems and ways to promote responsible gambling’, Paper presented at the Intertoto School of Management Seminar on Problem Gambling and the Lotteries, Budapest, September. Stitt, B., Giacopassi, D. and Nichols, M. 1999, The effects of Casino Gambling on Crime in New Casino Jurisdictions, paper commissioned by the US Department of Justice. REF.33
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Australia’s Gambling Industries I
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Contents of other volumes Volume 1
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Australian Capital Territory Federa
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Tasmania Wrest Point Casino New Zea
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Marianne James Prof Jan McMillen Pe
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Canberra, 30 November 1998 Senator
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Sydney, 16-17 September 1999 Rev Fr
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N Ward 28 Evelyn Jago 29 Territory
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Australian Hotels Association (SA)
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Women’s Health West 176 Norfolk I
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BetSafe Group - Paul Symond Consult
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B Participation in gambling: data t
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Table B.2 Participation in gambling
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Table B.4 Participation in gambling
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product in excess of the price paid
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C.2 Consumer surplus in the gamblin
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from increased consumption resultin
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Figure C.2 Tax and consumer surplus
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Table C.3 Price elasticities of dem
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Figure C.3 Consumer surplus for pro
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Box C.1 continued (e) That part of
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Table C.4 continued Wagering Lotter
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s n = share of gambling expenditure
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Figure C.6 Demand for gambling by p
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• the triangular area ’g’ whi
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The Commission’s treatment falls
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Box C.4 Explaining the lack of vari
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demand may become elastic, as peopl
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There are a number possible explana
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• Firstly, there has been extraor
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E Gambling in indigenous communitie
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The pattern of institutionally-base
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chase the “miracles” offered by
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F National Gambling Survey F.1 Intr
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F.2 The questionnaire Development o
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The use of this sampling approach m
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Box F.1 List of gambling activities
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• Big spending regular or less fr
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Questions asked of all respondents
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Comparisons of aggregate expenditur
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elated to their gambling — all
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Interview duration As with any ques
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ecause of non-payment), while there
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• post-weighting the sample data
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particular area/age/gender cell fro
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esult in turn reflects the survey p
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F.11 Contact and participation rate
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Being aware of the need to minimise
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NATIONAL GAMBLING SURVEY F.31
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F.52 GAMBLING
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F.54 GAMBLING
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F.56 GAMBLING
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F.58 GAMBLING
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F.60 GAMBLING
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F.62 GAMBLING
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F.64 GAMBLING
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F.66 GAMBLING
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G Survey of Clients of Counselling
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G.3 Question by question A1 to A3
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D23 — is concerned with the mecha
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of problem gambling (eg how many ch
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CLIENT SURVEY G.9
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CLIENT SURVEY G.11
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CLIENT SURVEY G.13
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CLIENT SURVEY G.15
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CLIENT SURVEY G.17
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CLIENT SURVEY G.19
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CLIENT SURVEY G.21
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CLIENT SURVEY G.23
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CLIENT SURVEY G.25
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Problem gamblers may subsequently b
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For a subset of 856 clients in 1996
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Table H.3 Variable Logistic estimat
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Prison, South Australia’s main re
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• “Has your gambling ever led y
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elicit information on vocational, f
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This finding is consistent with the
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H.5 What crimes do problem gamblers
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Other more violent crimes such as b
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But as noted above, police statisti
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H.8 Problem gambling and loan shark
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epayments were required — but mos
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State Gaming Authorities data The s
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Table I.2 Unweighted estimation Med
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machines. There is no statistically
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Figure I.2 Expenditure on gaming ma
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Weighted results The Commission’s
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Table I.7 Summary of Victorian metr
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Table I.9 Summary of Queensland reg
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it is likely to represent the more
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Table J.1 presents the information
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suffer from some of the adverse con
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• costs of gambling counselling s
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To the extent that borrowed money i
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This fee is only taken in estates w
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• for a higher estimate, the numb
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The Commission has assumed that the
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• to estimate the income lost ove
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the Commission has used this estima
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• 336 people receiving a jail sen
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states offer up to $50 000 each for
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As indicated in table J.6, where pr
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seen as part of the informal contra
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Almost all divorce cases are uncont
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of their gambling during the period
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Suicide ideation The Commission’s
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Table J.10 continued People a Per p
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Table J.12 Value of annual transfer
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pathological and problem gamblers a
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Table K.2 Summary of cost estimates
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L Survey of Counselling Services Th
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Several academics working in the ar
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L.4 Survey results Nature of agenci
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Number of clients The survey includ
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Characteristics of gambling clients
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counselling because of someone else
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Table L.17 Full time equivalent pai
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Table L.20 Approaches used to help
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Table L.24 Gambling clients ending
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More specifically, agencies said fu
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Centacare (Whyalla) Centre for Anxi
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SURVEY OF COUNSELLING SERVICES L.23
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Table M.1 Major forms of gambling t
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and sport development fund. In some
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Tax on keno In New South Wales, the
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Poker machines In most states, lice
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Table M3: Gaming machine taxation b
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Table M3: (continued) Hotels: Levie
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Table M4: (continued) NSW VIC QLD W
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Table M5: (continued) OTHER GAMBLIN
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N.1 Characteristics of machines of
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Table N.1 Australia, Japan, United
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Table N.2 Australia, Indiana, Conne
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The following discussion of gaming
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Canada Broadly speaking, Canada has
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Figure N.4 Japanese pachislo machin
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Winnings Progressive jackpots are p
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Bets and losses Bets and losses on
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In Japan, the minimum amount requir
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N.2 Market segments As with many ot
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Box N.4 Comments on market segments
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O Displacement of illegal gambling?
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survive together because they cater
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P Spending by problem gamblers The
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Table P.1 Outlays, player losses an
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Table P.3 Concentration of outlays
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Figure P.2 Distribution of outlay b
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Table P.4 Expenditure shares of pro
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is adjusted for biases in its estim
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ACIL (sub. D233. p. 48) claimed tha
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P.5 Estimating the expenditure shar
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expenditures shares are shown in ta
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of counselling agencies is necessar
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Table Q.2 Employment status of prob
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Table Q.3 continued Study Average a
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Relationship status The greater inv
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Table Q.6 Gender of problem gambler
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The pattern of an increased feminis
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R Bankruptcy and gambling This appe
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Table R.2 Age profile of bankrupts,
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Table R.5 New bankruptcies per mill
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Figure R.2 continued Western Austra
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• The penalty has become less sev
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S State and territory gambling data
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Table S.4 Real government revenue f
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Table S.8 Real government revenue,
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Table S.12 Real government revenue
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Dickerson et al (1998, p. 79) for e
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However, the survey used a set of p
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T.3 The logistic approach The NORC
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Table T.3 Method Various estimates
Page 381 and 382: such as France and the US (Casino I
Page 383 and 384: Table U.2 An example of an outcome
Page 385 and 386: intensity on the 85.15 per cent Cas
Page 387 and 388: considers that the machine price
Page 389 and 390: egular playing (30 years) the proba
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Page 393 and 394: U.6 The gambler’s fallacy Gambler
Page 395 and 396: This does not mean that a person ca
Page 397 and 398: V Use of the SOGS in Australian gam
Page 399 and 400: Differences in question wording and
Page 401 and 402: References AADAC (Alberta Alcohol a
Page 403 and 404: —— 1998, Efficient Tobacco Taxa
Page 405 and 406: Bickerdyke, I. and Lattimore, R. 19
Page 407 and 408: ——, Dickerson, M. and Harley, B
Page 409 and 410: Campbell, C. and Smith G. 1998, Can
Page 411 and 412: —— and Winefield, A.H. 1996, Co
Page 413 and 414: ——, Baxter, P., Boreham, P., Ha
Page 415 and 416: Ferguson, B. 1996, A Note on the In
Page 417 and 418: —— 1997, Legalised Gambling as
Page 419 and 420: Horner, T. and Bradfield, G. 1998,
Page 421 and 422: ——, Marston, A., Singer, R., Wi
Page 423 and 424: Gambling Studies, ‘Towards 2000:
Page 425 and 426: —— 1995b, Social impacts of urb
Page 427 and 428: —— and Ohtsuka, K. 1999, ‘The
Page 429 and 430: NT Select Committee (Select Committ
Page 431: Prosser, G., Breen, H., Weeks, P. a
Page 435 and 436: Thomas, S., Jackson, A., Thomason,
Page 437 and 438: —— 1997, Gambling and Problem G
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