Australia's Gambling Industries - Productivity Commission

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—— 1999a, NSW Racing and Betting Legislation, Issues Paper. —— 1999b, New South Wales Gaming Analysis 1997-98. —— 1999c, Registered Clubs, Quarterly Gaming Analysis, various. —— 1999d, Hotels, Quarterly Gaming Analysis, various. —— 1999e, Casino Community Benefit Fund, http://www1.tpgi.com.au/. Dickerson, M. 1979, ‘FI schedules and persistence at gambling in the UK betting office’, Journal of Applied Behaviour Analysis, vol. 12, pp. 315–23. —— 1991, ‘Internal and external determinants of persistent gambling’, in Heather, N., Miller W.R., and Greeley, J. (eds), Self Control and the Addictive Behaviors, MacMillan. —— 1993, ‘A preliminary exploration of a 2-stage method in the assessment of the extent and degree of gambling related problems in the Australian community’, in Eadington, W., Cornelius, J. and Taber, J. (eds), Gambling Behaviour and Problem Gambling, Reno Institute for the Study of Gambling and Commercial Gaming, University of Nevada, 336–47. —— 1995, Problem gambling: future directions in research, treatment, prevention and policy initiatives, paper presented to NAGS ‘95, Sixth National Conference of the National Association for Gambling Studies, Curtin University, Fremantle, 28–30 September. —— 1997, Pathological gambling: what’s in a name? Implications for social policy and related educational and rehabilitation strategies, paper presented to the 10th International Conference on Gambling and Risk Taking, Montreal, 31 May– 4 June. —— 1998, ‘Gaming Machine Players & Responsible Gambling’, a paper presented to the National Association for Gambling Studies Practitioners’ Conference, Adelaide, November. —— and Baron, E. 1994a, A critical evaluation of two national prevalence studies: the case for alternative strategies, paper presented at the 9th International Conference on Gambling and Commercial Gaming, Las Vegas. —— and Baron, E. 1994b, Measuring the Extent and Degree of Gambling Related Problems in Tasmania, report to Treasury, Tasmanian Government. ——, Baron, E., Hong., S. and Cottrell, D. 1996, ‘Estimating the extent and degree of gambling related problems in the Australian population: a national survey’, Journal of Gambling Studies, vol. 12, no. 2, summer. ——, Baron, E. and O’Connor, J. 1994, An Assessment of the Extent and Degree of Gambling Related Problems in the Population of Western Australia. REF.12 GAMBLING
——, Baxter, P., Boreham, P., Harley, B., and Williams, J. 1995, Report of the First Year of the Study into the Social and Economic Impact of the Introduction of Gaming Machines to Queensland Clubs and Hotels, report prepared for the Department of Family Services and Aboriginal and Islander Affairs (Qld). ——, Allcock, C., Blaszczynski, A., Nicholls, B., Williams, R. and Maddern, R. 1996a, An Examination of the Socio-economic Effects of Gambling on Individuals, Families and the Community Including Research into the Costs of Problem Gambling in New South Wales, report prepared for the Casino Community Benefit Fund, NSW Government. ——, Allcock, C., Blaszczynski, A., Nicholls, B., Williams, R. and Maddern, R. 1996b, A Preliminary Exploration of the Positive and Negative Impacts of Gaming and Wagering on Aboriginal People in New South Wales, a supplementary report prepared for the Casino Community Benefit Fund, NSW Government, Macarthur. ——, Allcock, C., Blaszczynski, A., Nicholls, B., Williams, R. and Maddern, R. 1998, An Examination of the Socio-economic Effects of Gambling on Individuals, Families and the Community Including Research into the Costs of Problem Gambling in New South Wales: The 1997 Study 2 Update, report prepared for the Casino Community Benefit Fund, NSW Government. ——, Boreham, P., and Harley, W. 1995, The Extent, Nature and Predictors of Problems Associated with Machine Gaming in Queensland - A Survey Based Analysis and Assessment, report prepared for the Department of Family and Community Services (Qld). —— and Maddern, R. 1997, The extent and impact of gambling in Tasmania with particular reference to problem gambling: A follow up to the Baseline Study conducted 1994. —— McMillen, J., Hallebone, E., Volberg, R. and Wooley, R. 1997, Definition and Incidence of Problem Gambling, Including the Socio-Economic Distribution of Gamblers, report prepared for the Victorian Casino and Gaming Authority. —— and Weeks, D. 1979, ‘Controlled gambling as a therapeutic technique for compulsive gamblers’, Journal of Behaviour Therapy and Experimental Psychiatry, vol. 10, pp. 139–41. Division of Special Revenue (Connecticut) 1998, Annual Report 1997-1998, http://www.state.ct/dosr/anulrpt.htm (accessed September 1999). Dunstan, R. 1997, Gambling in California, http://www.library.ca.gov/CRB/97/03/- crb97003.html (accessed September 1999). Eadington, W. 1989, ‘Problem gambling and public policy: alternatives in dealing with problem gamblers and commercial gambling’, in Shaffer, H., Stein, S., REF.13
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Australia’s Gambling Industries I
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Contents of other volumes Volume 1
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Australian Capital Territory Federa
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Tasmania Wrest Point Casino New Zea
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Marianne James Prof Jan McMillen Pe
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Canberra, 30 November 1998 Senator
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Sydney, 16-17 September 1999 Rev Fr
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N Ward 28 Evelyn Jago 29 Territory
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Australian Hotels Association (SA)
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Women’s Health West 176 Norfolk I
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BetSafe Group - Paul Symond Consult
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B Participation in gambling: data t
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Table B.2 Participation in gambling
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Table B.4 Participation in gambling
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product in excess of the price paid
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C.2 Consumer surplus in the gamblin
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from increased consumption resultin
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Figure C.2 Tax and consumer surplus
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Table C.3 Price elasticities of dem
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Figure C.3 Consumer surplus for pro
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Box C.1 continued (e) That part of
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Table C.4 continued Wagering Lotter
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s n = share of gambling expenditure
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Figure C.6 Demand for gambling by p
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• the triangular area ’g’ whi
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The Commission’s treatment falls
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Box C.4 Explaining the lack of vari
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demand may become elastic, as peopl
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There are a number possible explana
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• Firstly, there has been extraor
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E Gambling in indigenous communitie
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The pattern of institutionally-base
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chase the “miracles” offered by
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F National Gambling Survey F.1 Intr
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F.2 The questionnaire Development o
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The use of this sampling approach m
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Box F.1 List of gambling activities
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• Big spending regular or less fr
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Questions asked of all respondents
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Comparisons of aggregate expenditur
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elated to their gambling — all
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Interview duration As with any ques
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ecause of non-payment), while there
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• post-weighting the sample data
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particular area/age/gender cell fro
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esult in turn reflects the survey p
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F.11 Contact and participation rate
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Being aware of the need to minimise
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NATIONAL GAMBLING SURVEY F.31
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F.52 GAMBLING
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F.54 GAMBLING
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F.56 GAMBLING
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F.58 GAMBLING
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F.60 GAMBLING
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F.62 GAMBLING
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F.64 GAMBLING
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F.66 GAMBLING
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G Survey of Clients of Counselling
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G.3 Question by question A1 to A3
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D23 — is concerned with the mecha
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of problem gambling (eg how many ch
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CLIENT SURVEY G.9
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CLIENT SURVEY G.11
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CLIENT SURVEY G.13
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CLIENT SURVEY G.15
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CLIENT SURVEY G.17
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CLIENT SURVEY G.19
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CLIENT SURVEY G.21
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CLIENT SURVEY G.23
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CLIENT SURVEY G.25
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Problem gamblers may subsequently b
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For a subset of 856 clients in 1996
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Table H.3 Variable Logistic estimat
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Prison, South Australia’s main re
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• “Has your gambling ever led y
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elicit information on vocational, f
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This finding is consistent with the
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H.5 What crimes do problem gamblers
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Other more violent crimes such as b
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But as noted above, police statisti
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H.8 Problem gambling and loan shark
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epayments were required — but mos
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State Gaming Authorities data The s
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Table I.2 Unweighted estimation Med
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machines. There is no statistically
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Figure I.2 Expenditure on gaming ma
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Weighted results The Commission’s
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Table I.7 Summary of Victorian metr
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Table I.9 Summary of Queensland reg
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it is likely to represent the more
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Table J.1 presents the information
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suffer from some of the adverse con
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• costs of gambling counselling s
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To the extent that borrowed money i
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This fee is only taken in estates w
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• for a higher estimate, the numb
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The Commission has assumed that the
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• to estimate the income lost ove
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the Commission has used this estima
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• 336 people receiving a jail sen
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states offer up to $50 000 each for
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As indicated in table J.6, where pr
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seen as part of the informal contra
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Almost all divorce cases are uncont
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of their gambling during the period
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Suicide ideation The Commission’s
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Table J.10 continued People a Per p
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Table J.12 Value of annual transfer
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pathological and problem gamblers a
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Table K.2 Summary of cost estimates
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L Survey of Counselling Services Th
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Several academics working in the ar
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L.4 Survey results Nature of agenci
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Number of clients The survey includ
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Characteristics of gambling clients
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counselling because of someone else
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Table L.17 Full time equivalent pai
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Table L.20 Approaches used to help
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Table L.24 Gambling clients ending
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More specifically, agencies said fu
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Centacare (Whyalla) Centre for Anxi
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SURVEY OF COUNSELLING SERVICES L.23
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Table M.1 Major forms of gambling t
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and sport development fund. In some
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Tax on keno In New South Wales, the
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Poker machines In most states, lice
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Table M3: Gaming machine taxation b
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Table M3: (continued) Hotels: Levie
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Table M4: (continued) NSW VIC QLD W
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Table M5: (continued) OTHER GAMBLIN
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N.1 Characteristics of machines of
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Table N.1 Australia, Japan, United
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Table N.2 Australia, Indiana, Conne
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The following discussion of gaming
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Canada Broadly speaking, Canada has
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Figure N.4 Japanese pachislo machin
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Winnings Progressive jackpots are p
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Bets and losses Bets and losses on
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In Japan, the minimum amount requir
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N.2 Market segments As with many ot
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Box N.4 Comments on market segments
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O Displacement of illegal gambling?
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survive together because they cater
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P Spending by problem gamblers The
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Table P.1 Outlays, player losses an
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Table P.3 Concentration of outlays
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Figure P.2 Distribution of outlay b
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Table P.4 Expenditure shares of pro
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is adjusted for biases in its estim
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ACIL (sub. D233. p. 48) claimed tha
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P.5 Estimating the expenditure shar
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expenditures shares are shown in ta
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of counselling agencies is necessar
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Table Q.2 Employment status of prob
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Table Q.3 continued Study Average a
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Relationship status The greater inv
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Table Q.6 Gender of problem gambler
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The pattern of an increased feminis
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R Bankruptcy and gambling This appe
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Table R.2 Age profile of bankrupts,
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Table R.5 New bankruptcies per mill
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Figure R.2 continued Western Austra
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• The penalty has become less sev
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S State and territory gambling data
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Table S.4 Real government revenue f
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Table S.8 Real government revenue,
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Table S.12 Real government revenue
Page 361 and 362: Table S.16 Real government revenue
Page 373 and 374: Dickerson et al (1998, p. 79) for e
Page 375 and 376: However, the survey used a set of p
Page 377 and 378: T.3 The logistic approach The NORC
Page 379 and 380: Table T.3 Method Various estimates
Page 381 and 382: such as France and the US (Casino I
Page 383 and 384: Table U.2 An example of an outcome
Page 385 and 386: intensity on the 85.15 per cent Cas
Page 387 and 388: considers that the machine price
Page 389 and 390: egular playing (30 years) the proba
Page 391 and 392: for an amount of time that is less
Page 393 and 394: U.6 The gambler’s fallacy Gambler
Page 395 and 396: This does not mean that a person ca
Page 397 and 398: V Use of the SOGS in Australian gam
Page 399 and 400: Differences in question wording and
Page 401 and 402: References AADAC (Alberta Alcohol a
Page 403 and 404: —— 1998, Efficient Tobacco Taxa
Page 405 and 406: Bickerdyke, I. and Lattimore, R. 19
Page 407 and 408: ——, Dickerson, M. and Harley, B
Page 409 and 410: Campbell, C. and Smith G. 1998, Can
Page 411: —— and Winefield, A.H. 1996, Co
Page 415 and 416: Ferguson, B. 1996, A Note on the In
Page 417 and 418: —— 1997, Legalised Gambling as
Page 419 and 420: Horner, T. and Bradfield, G. 1998,
Page 421 and 422: ——, Marston, A., Singer, R., Wi
Page 423 and 424: Gambling Studies, ‘Towards 2000:
Page 425 and 426: —— 1995b, Social impacts of urb
Page 427 and 428: —— and Ohtsuka, K. 1999, ‘The
Page 429 and 430: NT Select Committee (Select Committ
Page 431 and 432: Prosser, G., Breen, H., Weeks, P. a
Page 433 and 434: Single, E., Collins, D., Easton, B.
Page 435 and 436: Thomas, S., Jackson, A., Thomason,
Page 437 and 438: —— 1997, Gambling and Problem G
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