Australia's Gambling Industries - Productivity Commission

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Table S.26 Real gambling expenditure, Tasmania, $ million a 1972-73 1982-83 1992-93 1997-98 Racing TAB - 19.267 33.166 29.273 On-course totalisators 1.261 1.905 2.011 1.758 On-course bookmakers 6.771 4.552 2.038 0.819 Off-course bookmakers 17.398 - - - Sports betting - - - - Total racing 25.430 25.723 37.215 31.850 Gaming Lotteries - 0.382 0.475 0.345 Lotto 3.042 20.342 23.105 16.140 Instant lotteries - 6.516 6.267 2.368 Pools - 2.530 0.270 0.080 Casino 10.307 35.021 53.755 75.642 Minor gaming - 9.881 10.425 10.779 Keno - - - 16.266 Gaming machines - - - 23.666 Sports betting - - - 0.016 Total gaming 13.349 74.673 94.298 145.302 Total gambling 38.779 100.396 131.514 177.152 a Real values represent 1997-98 values; Casino gaming includes wagers on table games, gaming machines, and keno systems; Gaming machine data excludes gaming machine data from casinos. Source: Tasmanian Gaming Commission (1999). Table S.27 Real gambling expenditure, Tasmania, per capita a 1972-73 1982-83 1992-93 1997-98 Racing TAB - 64.720 97.304 84.118 On-course totalisators 4.947 6.399 5.901 5.052 On-course bookmakers 26.569 15.290 5.980 2.353 Off-course bookmakers 68.268 - - - Sports betting - - - - Total racing 99.784 86.409 109.185 91.523 Gaming Lotteries - 1.285 1.395 0.991 Lotto 11.935 68.333 67.788 46.379 Instant lotteries - 21.887 18.386 6.805 Pools - 8.499 0.793 0.230 Casino 40.444 117.642 157.712 217.362 Minor gaming - 33.191 30.586 30.974 Keno - - - 46.741 Gaming machines - - - 68.006 Sports betting - - - 0.046 Total gaming 52.379 250.837 276.659 417.534 Total gambling 152.163 337.246 385.845 509.057 a Real values represent 1997-98 values; Per capita represents persons over 18; Casino gaming includes wagers on table games, gaming machines, and keno systems; Gaming machine data excludes casinos. Source: Tasmanian Gaming Commission (1999). S.14 GAMBLING
Table S.28 Real government revenue from gambling, Tasmania, $ million a 1972-73 1982-83 1992-93 1997-98 Racing TAB - 5.521 10.652 8.840 On-course totalisators 0.412 0.286 0.362 0.298 Bookmakers 7.021 0.729 0.285 0.036 Sports betting - - - - Total racing 7.433 6.536 11.299 9.174 Gaming Lottery products np np 24.317 18.891 Casino np np 10.020 23.304 Minor gaming np np 1.162 0.847 Gaming machines np np - 10.361 Sports betting np np - - Total gaming 3.911 28.917 35.496 53.403 Total gambling 11.344 35.454 46.795 62.577 a Real values represent 1997-98 values; Lottery products include lotteries, lotto, instant lotteries and pools; Casino gaming includes wagers on table games, gaming machines, and keno systems; Gaming machine data excludes gaming machine data from casinos and includes Keno in hotels and clubs. Source: Tasmanian Gaming Commission (1999). ACT Table S.29 Real gambling turnover, ACT, $ million a 1972-73 1982-83 1992-93 1997-98 Racing TAB 78.311 57.388 91.904 113.000 On-course totalisators 3.151 4.223 8.559 4.900 On-course bookmakers 47.678 67.325 37.910 18.203 Off-course bookmakers - - - - Sports betting - - - 42.727 Total racing 129.141 128.936 138.373 178.830 Gaming Lotteries - 2.021 3.399 2.937 Lotto - 21.911 26.615 30.099 Instant lotteries - 5.606 7.321 5.465 Pools - 0.838 0.171 0.181 Casino - - 102.433 83.478 Minor gaming - - - - Keno - - - - Gaming machines - 252.780 695.029 1249.467 Sports betting - - - 36.086 Total gaming - 283.155 834.967 1407.713 Total gambling 129.141 412.092 973.340 1586.543 a Real values represent 1997-98 values; Casino turnover is measured as casino handle, the value of money exchanged for gaming chips; Casino gaming includes wagers on table games, gaming machines, and keno systems; Gaming machine data excludes gaming machine data from casinos. Source: Tasmanian Gaming Commission (1999). STATE AND TERRITORY GAMBLING DATA S.15
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Australia’s Gambling Industries I
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Contents of other volumes Volume 1
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Australian Capital Territory Federa
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Tasmania Wrest Point Casino New Zea
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Marianne James Prof Jan McMillen Pe
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Canberra, 30 November 1998 Senator
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Sydney, 16-17 September 1999 Rev Fr
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N Ward 28 Evelyn Jago 29 Territory
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Australian Hotels Association (SA)
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Women’s Health West 176 Norfolk I
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BetSafe Group - Paul Symond Consult
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B Participation in gambling: data t
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Table B.2 Participation in gambling
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Table B.4 Participation in gambling
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product in excess of the price paid
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C.2 Consumer surplus in the gamblin
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from increased consumption resultin
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Figure C.2 Tax and consumer surplus
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Table C.3 Price elasticities of dem
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Figure C.3 Consumer surplus for pro
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Box C.1 continued (e) That part of
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Table C.4 continued Wagering Lotter
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s n = share of gambling expenditure
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Figure C.6 Demand for gambling by p
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• the triangular area ’g’ whi
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The Commission’s treatment falls
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Box C.4 Explaining the lack of vari
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demand may become elastic, as peopl
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There are a number possible explana
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• Firstly, there has been extraor
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E Gambling in indigenous communitie
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The pattern of institutionally-base
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chase the “miracles” offered by
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F National Gambling Survey F.1 Intr
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F.2 The questionnaire Development o
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The use of this sampling approach m
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Box F.1 List of gambling activities
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• Big spending regular or less fr
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Questions asked of all respondents
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Comparisons of aggregate expenditur
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elated to their gambling — all
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Interview duration As with any ques
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ecause of non-payment), while there
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• post-weighting the sample data
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particular area/age/gender cell fro
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esult in turn reflects the survey p
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F.11 Contact and participation rate
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Being aware of the need to minimise
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NATIONAL GAMBLING SURVEY F.31
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F.52 GAMBLING
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F.54 GAMBLING
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F.56 GAMBLING
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F.58 GAMBLING
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F.60 GAMBLING
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F.62 GAMBLING
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F.64 GAMBLING
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F.66 GAMBLING
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G Survey of Clients of Counselling
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G.3 Question by question A1 to A3
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D23 — is concerned with the mecha
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of problem gambling (eg how many ch
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CLIENT SURVEY G.9
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CLIENT SURVEY G.11
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CLIENT SURVEY G.13
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CLIENT SURVEY G.15
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CLIENT SURVEY G.17
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CLIENT SURVEY G.19
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CLIENT SURVEY G.21
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CLIENT SURVEY G.23
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CLIENT SURVEY G.25
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Problem gamblers may subsequently b
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For a subset of 856 clients in 1996
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Table H.3 Variable Logistic estimat
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Prison, South Australia’s main re
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• “Has your gambling ever led y
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elicit information on vocational, f
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This finding is consistent with the
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H.5 What crimes do problem gamblers
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Other more violent crimes such as b
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But as noted above, police statisti
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H.8 Problem gambling and loan shark
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epayments were required — but mos
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State Gaming Authorities data The s
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Table I.2 Unweighted estimation Med
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machines. There is no statistically
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Figure I.2 Expenditure on gaming ma
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Weighted results The Commission’s
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Table I.7 Summary of Victorian metr
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Table I.9 Summary of Queensland reg
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it is likely to represent the more
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Table J.1 presents the information
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suffer from some of the adverse con
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• costs of gambling counselling s
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To the extent that borrowed money i
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This fee is only taken in estates w
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• for a higher estimate, the numb
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The Commission has assumed that the
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• to estimate the income lost ove
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the Commission has used this estima
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• 336 people receiving a jail sen
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states offer up to $50 000 each for
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As indicated in table J.6, where pr
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seen as part of the informal contra
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Almost all divorce cases are uncont
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of their gambling during the period
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Suicide ideation The Commission’s
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Table J.10 continued People a Per p
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Table J.12 Value of annual transfer
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pathological and problem gamblers a
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Table K.2 Summary of cost estimates
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L Survey of Counselling Services Th
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Several academics working in the ar
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L.4 Survey results Nature of agenci
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Number of clients The survey includ
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Characteristics of gambling clients
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counselling because of someone else
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Table L.17 Full time equivalent pai
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Table L.20 Approaches used to help
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Table L.24 Gambling clients ending
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More specifically, agencies said fu
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Centacare (Whyalla) Centre for Anxi
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SURVEY OF COUNSELLING SERVICES L.23
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Table M.1 Major forms of gambling t
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and sport development fund. In some
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Tax on keno In New South Wales, the
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Poker machines In most states, lice
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Table M3: Gaming machine taxation b
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Table M3: (continued) Hotels: Levie
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Table M4: (continued) NSW VIC QLD W
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Table M5: (continued) OTHER GAMBLIN
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N.1 Characteristics of machines of
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Table N.1 Australia, Japan, United
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Table N.2 Australia, Indiana, Conne
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The following discussion of gaming
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Canada Broadly speaking, Canada has
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Figure N.4 Japanese pachislo machin
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Winnings Progressive jackpots are p
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Bets and losses Bets and losses on
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In Japan, the minimum amount requir
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N.2 Market segments As with many ot
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Box N.4 Comments on market segments
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O Displacement of illegal gambling?
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survive together because they cater
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P Spending by problem gamblers The
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Page 333 and 334: Table Q.2 Employment status of prob
Page 335 and 336: Table Q.3 continued Study Average a
Page 337 and 338: Relationship status The greater inv
Page 339 and 340: Table Q.6 Gender of problem gambler
Page 341 and 342: The pattern of an increased feminis
Page 343 and 344: R Bankruptcy and gambling This appe
Page 345 and 346: Table R.2 Age profile of bankrupts,
Page 347 and 348: Table R.5 New bankruptcies per mill
Page 349 and 350: Figure R.2 continued Western Austra
Page 351 and 352: • The penalty has become less sev
Page 353 and 354: S State and territory gambling data
Page 355 and 356: Table S.4 Real government revenue f
Page 357 and 358: Table S.8 Real government revenue,
Page 359 and 360: Table S.12 Real government revenue
Page 365: Table S.24 Real government revenue
Page 373 and 374: Dickerson et al (1998, p. 79) for e
Page 375 and 376: However, the survey used a set of p
Page 377 and 378: T.3 The logistic approach The NORC
Page 379 and 380: Table T.3 Method Various estimates
Page 381 and 382: such as France and the US (Casino I
Page 383 and 384: Table U.2 An example of an outcome
Page 385 and 386: intensity on the 85.15 per cent Cas
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Page 393 and 394: U.6 The gambler’s fallacy Gambler
Page 395 and 396: This does not mean that a person ca
Page 397 and 398: V Use of the SOGS in Australian gam
Page 399 and 400: Differences in question wording and
Page 401 and 402: References AADAC (Alberta Alcohol a
Page 403 and 404: —— 1998, Efficient Tobacco Taxa
Page 405 and 406: Bickerdyke, I. and Lattimore, R. 19
Page 407 and 408: ——, Dickerson, M. and Harley, B
Page 409 and 410: Campbell, C. and Smith G. 1998, Can
Page 411 and 412: —— and Winefield, A.H. 1996, Co
Page 413 and 414: ——, Baxter, P., Boreham, P., Ha
Page 415 and 416: Ferguson, B. 1996, A Note on the In
Page 417 and 418:
—— 1997, Legalised Gambling as
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Horner, T. and Bradfield, G. 1998,
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——, Marston, A., Singer, R., Wi
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Gambling Studies, ‘Towards 2000:
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—— 1995b, Social impacts of urb
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—— and Ohtsuka, K. 1999, ‘The
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NT Select Committee (Select Committ
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Prosser, G., Breen, H., Weeks, P. a
Page 433 and 434:
Single, E., Collins, D., Easton, B.
Page 435 and 436:
Thomas, S., Jackson, A., Thomason,
Page 437 and 438:
—— 1997, Gambling and Problem G
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