Australia's Gambling Industries - Productivity Commission

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Table S.10 Real gambling expenditure, Victoria, $ million a 1972-73 1982-83 1992-93 1997-98 Racing TAB 323.230 260.825 387.408 379.507 On-course totalisators 56.684 60.176 49.430 35.919 On-course bookmakers 74.162 59.897 22.791 17.338 Off-course bookmakers - - - - Sports betting - - 0.114 0.394 Total racing 454.076 380.897 459.743 433.158 Gaming Lotteries 39.109 5.601 5.722 5.214 Lotto 25.444 251.861 285.468 268.815 Instant lotteries - 51.177 48.359 23.670 Pools - 9.545 2.076 1.244 Casino - - - 742.292 Minor gaming - 71.508 149.842 - Keno - - - 6.870 Gaming machines - - 283.263 1,711.290 Sports betting - - 0.393 2.389 Total gaming 64.553 389.693 775.123 2,761.784 Total gambling 518.628 770.590 1,234.866 3,194.942 a Real values represent 1997-98 values; Casino gaming includes wagers on table games, gaming machines, and keno systems; Gaming machine data excludes gaming machine data from casinos. Source: Tasmanian Gaming Commission (1999). Table S.11 Real gambling expenditure, Victoria, per capita a 1972-73 1982-83 1992-93 1997-98 Racing TAB 133.338 92.612 116.833 109.400 On-course totalisators 23.383 21.367 14.907 10.354 On-course bookmakers 30.593 21.268 6.873 4.998 Off-course bookmakers - - - - Sports betting - - 0.034 0.114 Total racing 187.314 135.246 138.647 124.865 Gaming Lotteries 16.133 1.989 1.726 1.503 Lotto 10.496 89.429 86.090 77.491 Instant lotteries - 18.172 14.584 6.823 Pools - 3.389 0.626 0.359 Casino - - - 213.979 Minor gaming - 25.391 45.189 - Keno - - - 1.980 Gaming machines - - 85.425 493.309 Sports betting - - 0.118 0.689 Total gaming 26.629 138.370 233.758 796.133 Total gambling 213.943 273.616 372.405 920.998 a Real values represent 1997-98 values; Per capita represents persons over 18; Casino gaming includes wagers on table games, gaming machines, and keno systems; Gaming machine data excludes casinos. Source: Tasmanian Gaming Commission (1999). S.6 GAMBLING
Table S.12 Real government revenue from gambling, Victoria, $ million a 1972-73 1982-83 1992-93 1997-98 Racing TAB 99.939 105.348 153.259 110.449 On-course totalisators 35.863 40.517 37.156 9.465 Bookmakers 30.527 23.461 8.852 7.568 Sports betting - - - - Total racing 166.329 169.327 199.267 127.482 Gaming Lottery products np np 321.869 285.874 Casino np np - 174.584 Minor gaming np np 10.781 1.058 Gaming machines np np 113.212 706.726 Sports betting np np - 0.644 Total gaming 54.334 262.866 445.822 1168.886 Total gambling 220.663 432.193 645.090 1,296.368 a Real values represent 1997-98 values; Lottery products include lotteries, lotto, instant lotteries and pools; Casino gaming includes wagers on table games, gaming machines, and keno systems; Gaming machine data excludes gaming machine data from casinos and includes keno in hotels and clubs. Source: Tasmanian Gaming Commission (1999). Queensland Table S.13 Real gambling turnover, Queensland, $ million a 1972-73 1982-83 1992-93 1997-98 Racing TAB 754.277 764.865 1,245.998 1,474.400 On-course totalisators 88.306 133.160 177.052 129.600 On-course bookmakers 1,069.089 966.201 425.214 234.000 Off-course bookmakers - - - - Sports betting - - - 2.600 Total racing 1,911.672 1,864.225 1,848.264 1,840.600 Gaming Lotteries 120.271 82.570 17.424 5.800 Lotto - 145.824 324.192 402.557 Instant lotteries - - 250.586 236.684 Pools - 22.936 6.729 3.002 Casino - - 1,042.801 4,257.300 Minor gaming - - 188.662 235.303 Keno - - - 152.595 Gaming machines - - 1,832.343 4,058.130 Sports betting - - - - Total gaming 120.271 251.330 3,662.736 9,351.371 Total gambling 2,031.942 2,115.556 5,511.000 11,191.971 a Real values represent 1997-98 values; Casino turnover is measured as casino handle, the value of money exchanged for gaming chips; Casino gaming includes wagers on table games, gaming machines, and keno systems; Gaming machine data excludes gaming machine data from casinos. Source: Tasmanian Gaming Commission (1999). STATE AND TERRITORY GAMBLING DATA S.7
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Australia’s Gambling Industries I
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Contents of other volumes Volume 1
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Australian Capital Territory Federa
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Tasmania Wrest Point Casino New Zea
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Marianne James Prof Jan McMillen Pe
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Canberra, 30 November 1998 Senator
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Sydney, 16-17 September 1999 Rev Fr
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N Ward 28 Evelyn Jago 29 Territory
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Australian Hotels Association (SA)
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Women’s Health West 176 Norfolk I
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BetSafe Group - Paul Symond Consult
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B Participation in gambling: data t
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Table B.2 Participation in gambling
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Table B.4 Participation in gambling
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product in excess of the price paid
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C.2 Consumer surplus in the gamblin
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from increased consumption resultin
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Figure C.2 Tax and consumer surplus
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Table C.3 Price elasticities of dem
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Figure C.3 Consumer surplus for pro
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Box C.1 continued (e) That part of
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Table C.4 continued Wagering Lotter
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s n = share of gambling expenditure
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Figure C.6 Demand for gambling by p
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• the triangular area ’g’ whi
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The Commission’s treatment falls
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Box C.4 Explaining the lack of vari
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demand may become elastic, as peopl
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There are a number possible explana
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• Firstly, there has been extraor
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E Gambling in indigenous communitie
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The pattern of institutionally-base
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chase the “miracles” offered by
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F National Gambling Survey F.1 Intr
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F.2 The questionnaire Development o
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The use of this sampling approach m
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Box F.1 List of gambling activities
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• Big spending regular or less fr
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Questions asked of all respondents
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Comparisons of aggregate expenditur
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elated to their gambling — all
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Interview duration As with any ques
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ecause of non-payment), while there
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• post-weighting the sample data
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particular area/age/gender cell fro
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esult in turn reflects the survey p
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F.11 Contact and participation rate
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Being aware of the need to minimise
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NATIONAL GAMBLING SURVEY F.31
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F.52 GAMBLING
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F.54 GAMBLING
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F.56 GAMBLING
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F.58 GAMBLING
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F.60 GAMBLING
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F.62 GAMBLING
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F.64 GAMBLING
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F.66 GAMBLING
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G Survey of Clients of Counselling
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G.3 Question by question A1 to A3
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D23 — is concerned with the mecha
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of problem gambling (eg how many ch
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CLIENT SURVEY G.9
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CLIENT SURVEY G.11
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CLIENT SURVEY G.13
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CLIENT SURVEY G.15
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CLIENT SURVEY G.17
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CLIENT SURVEY G.19
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CLIENT SURVEY G.21
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CLIENT SURVEY G.23
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CLIENT SURVEY G.25
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Problem gamblers may subsequently b
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For a subset of 856 clients in 1996
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Table H.3 Variable Logistic estimat
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Prison, South Australia’s main re
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• “Has your gambling ever led y
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elicit information on vocational, f
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This finding is consistent with the
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H.5 What crimes do problem gamblers
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Other more violent crimes such as b
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But as noted above, police statisti
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H.8 Problem gambling and loan shark
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epayments were required — but mos
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State Gaming Authorities data The s
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Table I.2 Unweighted estimation Med
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machines. There is no statistically
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Figure I.2 Expenditure on gaming ma
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Weighted results The Commission’s
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Table I.7 Summary of Victorian metr
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Table I.9 Summary of Queensland reg
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it is likely to represent the more
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Table J.1 presents the information
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suffer from some of the adverse con
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• costs of gambling counselling s
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To the extent that borrowed money i
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This fee is only taken in estates w
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• for a higher estimate, the numb
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The Commission has assumed that the
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• to estimate the income lost ove
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the Commission has used this estima
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• 336 people receiving a jail sen
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states offer up to $50 000 each for
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As indicated in table J.6, where pr
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seen as part of the informal contra
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Almost all divorce cases are uncont
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of their gambling during the period
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Suicide ideation The Commission’s
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Table J.10 continued People a Per p
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Table J.12 Value of annual transfer
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pathological and problem gamblers a
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Table K.2 Summary of cost estimates
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L Survey of Counselling Services Th
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Several academics working in the ar
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L.4 Survey results Nature of agenci
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Number of clients The survey includ
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Characteristics of gambling clients
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counselling because of someone else
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Table L.17 Full time equivalent pai
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Table L.20 Approaches used to help
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Table L.24 Gambling clients ending
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More specifically, agencies said fu
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Centacare (Whyalla) Centre for Anxi
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SURVEY OF COUNSELLING SERVICES L.23
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Table M.1 Major forms of gambling t
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and sport development fund. In some
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Tax on keno In New South Wales, the
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Poker machines In most states, lice
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Table M3: Gaming machine taxation b
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Table M3: (continued) Hotels: Levie
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Table M4: (continued) NSW VIC QLD W
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Table M5: (continued) OTHER GAMBLIN
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N.1 Characteristics of machines of
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Table N.1 Australia, Japan, United
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Table N.2 Australia, Indiana, Conne
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The following discussion of gaming
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Canada Broadly speaking, Canada has
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Figure N.4 Japanese pachislo machin
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Winnings Progressive jackpots are p
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Bets and losses Bets and losses on
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In Japan, the minimum amount requir
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N.2 Market segments As with many ot
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Page 309 and 310: O Displacement of illegal gambling?
Page 311 and 312: survive together because they cater
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Page 317 and 318: Table P.3 Concentration of outlays
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Page 333 and 334: Table Q.2 Employment status of prob
Page 335 and 336: Table Q.3 continued Study Average a
Page 337 and 338: Relationship status The greater inv
Page 339 and 340: Table Q.6 Gender of problem gambler
Page 341 and 342: The pattern of an increased feminis
Page 343 and 344: R Bankruptcy and gambling This appe
Page 345 and 346: Table R.2 Age profile of bankrupts,
Page 347 and 348: Table R.5 New bankruptcies per mill
Page 349 and 350: Figure R.2 continued Western Austra
Page 351 and 352: • The penalty has become less sev
Page 353 and 354: S State and territory gambling data
Page 355 and 356: Table S.4 Real government revenue f
Page 357: Table S.8 Real government revenue,
Page 361 and 362: Table S.16 Real government revenue
Page 373 and 374: Dickerson et al (1998, p. 79) for e
Page 375 and 376: However, the survey used a set of p
Page 377 and 378: T.3 The logistic approach The NORC
Page 379 and 380: Table T.3 Method Various estimates
Page 381 and 382: such as France and the US (Casino I
Page 383 and 384: Table U.2 An example of an outcome
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Page 393 and 394: U.6 The gambler’s fallacy Gambler
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Page 397 and 398: V Use of the SOGS in Australian gam
Page 399 and 400: Differences in question wording and
Page 401 and 402: References AADAC (Alberta Alcohol a
Page 403 and 404: —— 1998, Efficient Tobacco Taxa
Page 405 and 406: Bickerdyke, I. and Lattimore, R. 19
Page 407 and 408: ——, Dickerson, M. and Harley, B
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Campbell, C. and Smith G. 1998, Can
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—— and Winefield, A.H. 1996, Co
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——, Baxter, P., Boreham, P., Ha
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Ferguson, B. 1996, A Note on the In
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—— 1997, Legalised Gambling as
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Horner, T. and Bradfield, G. 1998,
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——, Marston, A., Singer, R., Wi
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Gambling Studies, ‘Towards 2000:
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—— 1995b, Social impacts of urb
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—— and Ohtsuka, K. 1999, ‘The
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NT Select Committee (Select Committ
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Prosser, G., Breen, H., Weeks, P. a
Page 433 and 434:
Single, E., Collins, D., Easton, B.
Page 435 and 436:
Thomas, S., Jackson, A., Thomason,
Page 437 and 438:
—— 1997, Gambling and Problem G
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