Australia's Gambling Industries - Productivity Commission

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and Tasmania the same tax rate of 15 per cent of player loss applies to both regular and junket players.) Net profit taxes Taxes on net profit are not commonly applied to gambling activities. However, there are some instances where these taxes apply. In Victoria Tattersall’s pays an annual 30 per cent tax on net profit from poker machines located under licence in clubs and hotels, when its net profit exceeds $117 million. This arises as part of a minimum licence fee of $ 35 million (see below). In South Australia and the Northern Territory the TABs pay 45 and 50 per cent, respectively, of net profit on off-course totalisator racing expenditure. Licence fees <strong>Gambling</strong> is characterised by licensing arrangements that grant rights to operators with respect to specific gambling products and venues. For example, casinos, TAB, bookmakers, poker machine operators, lottery operators and minor gaming operators (eg bingo, calcuttas and raffles) pay licence fees to operate. Casinos All jurisdictions bar the Northern Territory impose casino licence fees. These fees are either paid as a once only lump-sum (such as $376 million for New South Wales casino licence) or periodically as is the case in other jurisdictions. For example: • in Victoria, a licence fee of $200 million plus $23.3 million committed to infrastructure outlays was paid by Crown at licensing. A further $57.6 million was paid over two years up to 1996. A further licence fee of $100.8 million will be paid over three years for the right to run extra tables; • in Western Australia and the ACT casino licence fees of $1.74 million and $564 000 (1998-99) respectively, are paid annually; and • in Queensland, licence fees of $137 500 per casino are paid quarterly while in South Australia ($5000) and Tasmania ($60 800 per casino) licence fees are paid monthly. GAMBLING TAXES M.7
Poker machines In most states, licence fees for the granting or renewal of a poker machine licence are payable. For example, in Victoria Tattersall’s pays a licence fee of $35 million if that amount is less than or equal to 30 per cent of its net profits. The licence fee is 30 per cent of net profits when the amount exceeds $35 million. Thus the licence fee is the combination of a fixed fee of $35 million plus a tax on net profit when 30 per cent of net profit exceeds $35 million. On privatisation, Tabcorp paid a value for the gaming licence estimated at $420 million. M.8 GAMBLING
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Australia’s Gambling Industries I
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Contents of other volumes Volume 1
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Australian Capital Territory Federa
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Tasmania Wrest Point Casino New Zea
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Marianne James Prof Jan McMillen Pe
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Canberra, 30 November 1998 Senator
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Sydney, 16-17 September 1999 Rev Fr
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N Ward 28 Evelyn Jago 29 Territory
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Australian Hotels Association (SA)
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Women’s Health West 176 Norfolk I
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BetSafe Group - Paul Symond Consult
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B Participation in gambling: data t
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Table B.2 Participation in gambling
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Table B.4 Participation in gambling
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product in excess of the price paid
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C.2 Consumer surplus in the gamblin
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from increased consumption resultin
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Figure C.2 Tax and consumer surplus
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Table C.3 Price elasticities of dem
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Figure C.3 Consumer surplus for pro
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Box C.1 continued (e) That part of
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Table C.4 continued Wagering Lotter
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s n = share of gambling expenditure
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Figure C.6 Demand for gambling by p
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• the triangular area ’g’ whi
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The Commission’s treatment falls
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Box C.4 Explaining the lack of vari
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demand may become elastic, as peopl
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There are a number possible explana
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• Firstly, there has been extraor
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E Gambling in indigenous communitie
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The pattern of institutionally-base
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chase the “miracles” offered by
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F National Gambling Survey F.1 Intr
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F.2 The questionnaire Development o
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The use of this sampling approach m
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Box F.1 List of gambling activities
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• Big spending regular or less fr
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Questions asked of all respondents
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Comparisons of aggregate expenditur
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elated to their gambling — all
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Interview duration As with any ques
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ecause of non-payment), while there
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• post-weighting the sample data
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particular area/age/gender cell fro
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esult in turn reflects the survey p
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F.11 Contact and participation rate
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Being aware of the need to minimise
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NATIONAL GAMBLING SURVEY F.31
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F.52 GAMBLING
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F.54 GAMBLING
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F.56 GAMBLING
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F.58 GAMBLING
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F.60 GAMBLING
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F.62 GAMBLING
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F.64 GAMBLING
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F.66 GAMBLING
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G Survey of Clients of Counselling
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G.3 Question by question A1 to A3
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D23 — is concerned with the mecha
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of problem gambling (eg how many ch
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CLIENT SURVEY G.9
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CLIENT SURVEY G.11
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CLIENT SURVEY G.13
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CLIENT SURVEY G.15
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CLIENT SURVEY G.17
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CLIENT SURVEY G.19
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CLIENT SURVEY G.21
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CLIENT SURVEY G.23
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CLIENT SURVEY G.25
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Problem gamblers may subsequently b
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For a subset of 856 clients in 1996
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Table H.3 Variable Logistic estimat
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Prison, South Australia’s main re
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• “Has your gambling ever led y
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elicit information on vocational, f
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This finding is consistent with the
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H.5 What crimes do problem gamblers
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Other more violent crimes such as b
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But as noted above, police statisti
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H.8 Problem gambling and loan shark
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epayments were required — but mos
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State Gaming Authorities data The s
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Table I.2 Unweighted estimation Med
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machines. There is no statistically
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Figure I.2 Expenditure on gaming ma
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Weighted results The Commission’s
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Table I.7 Summary of Victorian metr
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Table I.9 Summary of Queensland reg
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it is likely to represent the more
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Table J.1 presents the information
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suffer from some of the adverse con
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• costs of gambling counselling s
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To the extent that borrowed money i
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This fee is only taken in estates w
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• for a higher estimate, the numb
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The Commission has assumed that the
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• to estimate the income lost ove
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the Commission has used this estima
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• 336 people receiving a jail sen
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states offer up to $50 000 each for
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As indicated in table J.6, where pr
Page 225 and 226: seen as part of the informal contra
Page 227 and 228: Almost all divorce cases are uncont
Page 229 and 230: of their gambling during the period
Page 231 and 232: Suicide ideation The Commission’s
Page 233 and 234: Table J.10 continued People a Per p
Page 235 and 236: Table J.12 Value of annual transfer
Page 237 and 238: pathological and problem gamblers a
Page 239 and 240: Table K.2 Summary of cost estimates
Page 241 and 242: L Survey of Counselling Services Th
Page 243 and 244: Several academics working in the ar
Page 245 and 246: L.4 Survey results Nature of agenci
Page 247 and 248: Number of clients The survey includ
Page 249 and 250: Characteristics of gambling clients
Page 251 and 252: counselling because of someone else
Page 253 and 254: Table L.17 Full time equivalent pai
Page 255 and 256: Table L.20 Approaches used to help
Page 257 and 258: Table L.24 Gambling clients ending
Page 259 and 260: More specifically, agencies said fu
Page 261 and 262: Centacare (Whyalla) Centre for Anxi
Page 263 and 264: SURVEY OF COUNSELLING SERVICES L.23
Page 271 and 272: Table M.1 Major forms of gambling t
Page 273 and 274: and sport development fund. In some
Page 275: Tax on keno In New South Wales, the
Page 279 and 280: Table M3: Gaming machine taxation b
Page 281 and 282: Table M3: (continued) Hotels: Levie
Page 283 and 284: Table M4: (continued) NSW VIC QLD W
Page 285 and 286: Table M5: (continued) OTHER GAMBLIN
Page 287 and 288: N.1 Characteristics of machines of
Page 289 and 290: Table N.1 Australia, Japan, United
Page 291 and 292: Table N.2 Australia, Indiana, Conne
Page 293 and 294: The following discussion of gaming
Page 295 and 296: Canada Broadly speaking, Canada has
Page 297 and 298: Figure N.4 Japanese pachislo machin
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Page 305 and 306: N.2 Market segments As with many ot
Page 307 and 308: Box N.4 Comments on market segments
Page 309 and 310: O Displacement of illegal gambling?
Page 311 and 312: survive together because they cater
Page 313 and 314: P Spending by problem gamblers The
Page 315 and 316: Table P.1 Outlays, player losses an
Page 317 and 318: Table P.3 Concentration of outlays
Page 319 and 320: Figure P.2 Distribution of outlay b
Page 321 and 322: Table P.4 Expenditure shares of pro
Page 323 and 324: is adjusted for biases in its estim
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P.5 Estimating the expenditure shar
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expenditures shares are shown in ta
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of counselling agencies is necessar
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Table Q.2 Employment status of prob
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Table Q.3 continued Study Average a
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Relationship status The greater inv
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Table Q.6 Gender of problem gambler
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The pattern of an increased feminis
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R Bankruptcy and gambling This appe
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Table R.2 Age profile of bankrupts,
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Table R.5 New bankruptcies per mill
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Figure R.2 continued Western Austra
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• The penalty has become less sev
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S State and territory gambling data
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Table S.4 Real government revenue f
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Table S.8 Real government revenue,
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Table S.12 Real government revenue
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Dickerson et al (1998, p. 79) for e
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However, the survey used a set of p
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T.3 The logistic approach The NORC
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Table T.3 Method Various estimates
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such as France and the US (Casino I
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Table U.2 An example of an outcome
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intensity on the 85.15 per cent Cas
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considers that the machine price
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egular playing (30 years) the proba
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for an amount of time that is less
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U.6 The gambler’s fallacy Gambler
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This does not mean that a person ca
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V Use of the SOGS in Australian gam
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Differences in question wording and
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References AADAC (Alberta Alcohol a
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—— 1998, Efficient Tobacco Taxa
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Bickerdyke, I. and Lattimore, R. 19
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——, Dickerson, M. and Harley, B
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Campbell, C. and Smith G. 1998, Can
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—— and Winefield, A.H. 1996, Co
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——, Baxter, P., Boreham, P., Ha
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Ferguson, B. 1996, A Note on the In
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—— 1997, Legalised Gambling as
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Horner, T. and Bradfield, G. 1998,
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——, Marston, A., Singer, R., Wi
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Gambling Studies, ‘Towards 2000:
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—— 1995b, Social impacts of urb
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—— and Ohtsuka, K. 1999, ‘The
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NT Select Committee (Select Committ
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Prosser, G., Breen, H., Weeks, P. a
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Single, E., Collins, D., Easton, B.
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Thomas, S., Jackson, A., Thomason,
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—— 1997, Gambling and Problem G
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