RIVM report xxxxxx xxx
RIVM report xxxxxx xxx
RIVM report xxxxxx xxx
You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles
YUMPU automatically turns print PDFs into web optimized ePapers that Google loves.
<strong>RIVM</strong> <strong>report</strong> 773301 001 / NRP <strong>report</strong> 410200 051 page 97 of 142<br />
$SSHQGL[7LPHSURILOHV<br />
As part of the project, available information on time profiles of anthropogenic sources was collected and<br />
listed, focussing on their monthly variation. Within GEIA, however, a full study of time profiles for all<br />
sources is in progress. The present activities of the EDGAR will feed into this larger study.<br />
Time profiles can be defined on different temporal scales, e.g. seasonal or monthly variation,<br />
weekly patterns, or diurnal cycles. Often as a first approximation modellers distinguish natural sources<br />
from anthropogenic sources, since natural sources often depend strongly on climate, soil or water<br />
characteristics and thereby show a strong temporal variation, in seasonality, diurnal cycle or both. Thus,<br />
natural sources often have a distinctly other character than have anthropogenic sources. In particular with<br />
respect to seasonality, modellers often consider anthropogenic sources to be uniform in time. Surely this<br />
is the case when compared to natural sources. However, when taking a closer look at the scattered<br />
literature on this subject a more detailed picture shows up, also for seasonal variation of emission<br />
sources. Seasonal variation in weather and different climate conditions gives rise to different profiles for<br />
fuel combustion for space heating and for biomass burning, whereas cultural differences show up in<br />
statistics of industrial production and transportation.<br />
7DEOH$3ULRULWLHVIRUVHFWRUDOWLPHSURILOHVEDVHGRQWKHLUFRQWULEXWLRQWRHPLVVLRQVRIYDULRXVFRPSRXQGV<br />
0$,1&$7(*25< '(7$,/(' 35,25,7< &203281' 5(0$5.<br />
&2 &+ 12 2WKHU<br />
)RVVLOIXHOFRPEXVWLRQ ,QGXVWU\ [ [ ,52FRDOFXOWXUH"<br />
3RZHUSODQWV [ [ +''DYDLOK\GUR&''LQ86$<br />
2WKHUWUDQVIVHFWRU<br />
5HVLGHQWLDOVHWF D &2 12 +''<br />
5RDGWUDQVSRUW " &2 12 [ FXOWXUH"<br />
2WKHUODQGWUDQVSRUW<br />
$LUWUDQVSRUW<br />
,QWHUQDWLRQDOVKLSSLQJ<br />
62<br />
1RQHQHUJ\XVH<br />
)RVVLOIXHOSURGXFWLRQ &RDO D &+ FRDO"<br />
2LO E [ &+ 92& PDLQSUDFWLFHVRLOJDVGHPDQGIORZ"<br />
*DV F &+ 92& PDLQSUDFWLFHVRLOJDVGHPDQGIORZ"<br />
%LRIXHOV<br />
,QGXVWU\<br />
5HVLGHQWLDOVHWF E [ &+ 12 [ DYDLOGU\ZRRGIXHODYDLODJUUHVLGXHV<br />
,QGXVWULDOSURFHVVHV ,URQ VWHHO R FXOWXUH"<br />
1RQIHUUR 62 GHPDQGIORZ"<br />
&KHPLFDOV<br />
$GLSLF$FLG D 12<br />
1LWULF$FLG E 12 IHUWLOL]HUGHPDQGIORZ"<br />
1092&VRXUFHV 92&<br />
&HPHQW [ GHPDQGIORZ"<br />
*ODVV R GHPDQGIORZ"<br />
6ROYHQWV 92&<br />
$JULFXOWXUH 5LFH &+<br />
)HUWLOLVHUXVH 12<br />
$QLPDOV &+ 12<br />
%LRPDVVEXUQLQJ &2 12 EDVHGRQVDWHOOLWHGDWD"<br />
:DVWHKDQGOLQJ /DQGILOOV &+<br />
,QFLQQHUDWLRQ<br />
$JULFZDVWHEXUQLQJ<br />
'RPHVWLFZDVWHEXUQLQJ<br />
1DWXUDOVRXUFHV 6RLOV &+ 12 [<br />
9HJHWDWLRQ &2 92&<br />
2FHDQV &2 12
Change language