Chernobyl Nuclear Accident Congressional Hearings Transcript

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81 American-Ukrainian Medical Sciences Group Tel: 205/460-7505 Coordinator Wladimir Werteleckyj, M D.. Professor and Chairman Dept of Medical Genetics. CC/CB 214 University of South Alabama - Mobile. AL USA 36688 Fax: 205/460-7684 Steering Committee Tatiana T Antonov>-ch. M.D. Giiet Div Nephropathology Armed Forces Inst. Pathology' Washington. D C USA 20306 Tel: 202/576-2891 Fax: 202/576-2164 LarissaTBilaniuk.M.D, Professor of Radiologv- University of PennsyK-ania Children's Hospital of Philadelphia Philadelphia, PA USA 19104 TeL 215/5904117 Fax: 215/5904127 Myroslaw .M. Hreshchyshyn. M.D. Professor and Chairman Dept. ofGynecology/Obstetrics State Uni\' New York at Buffalo 219 Bryant Street Buffalo, NY USA 14222 Tel 716/8787138 Fax: 716/878-7874 Michael Kasha, FhD R O. Lawion Distinguished Professor Institute of Molecular Biophysics Florida State University Tallahassee. FL USA 32306 Tel 904/644-1519 Fax: 904/561-1406 BiorJ. Masnyk, PhD Deputy Director Divison of Cancer Biology Diagnosis and O-nters. .N'CI-NIH 9000 Rockville Flke Building 31, Rwjm3A03 Bethesda, MD USA 20892 Tel: 301/496-3251 Fax: 301/496W75 Askold D. Mosijczuk. Col . Chief, Pediatics Hcmatoiogy-Oncoiogy Service Department of Pediau-ics M C Walter Reed Army Medical Center Washington. DC USA 20307 Tel 202/576-0421 Fan 202/576-2478 August 26, 1992 Senator Alan K, Simpson United States Senator Committee on Environment and Publ ic Works Washington, D,C. 205 10-6175 Dear Senator Simpson: Thank you for your letter of July 28th. I just returned from a field trip to Ukraine which is the cause for the delay of my answer. I wish to thank you for your interest in issues relating to <strong>Chernobyl</strong>, Ukraine and medical -humanitarian assistance. My trip during which I met scores of Ukrainian leaders has lent further support to the opinions I expressed during my deposition of July 22nd, I attach to this letter my answers to your questions. In addition, I attach letters of support from highly placed Ukrainian leaders. I am gratified that so many distinguished colleagues in Ukraine agreed to support the statements that I made to the U.S. Senate on July 22, 1992. I respectfully request that these documents be added to the record. I take this opportunity to extend to you my personal thanks. Sincerely yours. Wladimir Werteleckyj, M.O. Coordinator, Professor and Chairman WW/swb Attachments "...to promote Academic linkages and Scientific exchange programs...
. 82 Attachment 1 Re: Question 1 What is the "synergenetlc* investigation whose results have never been released which you referred to in your oral testimony? What were the findings and the importance? I regret that I could not find exactly the statement alluded to. However, I believe that the question stems from my views about the "synergistic" effects of global financial assistance rather than the limited effects that purely scientific, health care or humanitarian assistance achieve if rendered separately. This point deserves elaboration because it relates to the letters of support concerning my previous deposition to the U.S. Senate. It is self-evident that in Ukraine there is an abundance of highly qualified scientists and professionals. There is also broad recognition that existing Ukrainian administrative structures reflect the failures of the "centralized planning" characteristic of the former USSR. As shown in the letters of support (Attachment 2), there is broad agreement that new structures need to arise. Specifically, the possibility of creating AMERICAN-UKRAINIAN MEDICAL SCIENCES CENTERS, to provide stable long term "platforms" for rapid and effective introduction of American "know how" was warmly received. As such "centers" grow in number, the idea of amalgamating the "centers" into an "AMERICAN-UKRAINIAN CHILDREN'S CENTER(S)" was also enthusiastically received. Achieving such goal would be a monument to U.S. solidarity, to the emerging democracy of Ukraine and to the victims of Chornobyl Each "center" would pursue limited and well defined goals. Specific "American-Ukrainian Task Forces" would seek to "synergistically" address issues of education, training, health delivery and research in well defined medical domains. For instance, in Ukraine there are scientific reasons to expect a growing number of individuals exposed to the radioactivity from the Chornobyl fallout to develop leukemia. An "AMERICAN-UKRAINIAN CANCER-LEUKEMIA CENTER(S)" can be developed rapidly with relatively modest financial resources (about 25% of the equivalent cost in the U.S.). It must be underscored that a large proportion of such expenditures would be for the support of U.S. scientists, U.S. suppliers and other U.S. participants. In fact, I estimate that less than 50% of such assistance would be for expenditures in Ukraine. Currently, the causes of leukemia remain unknown. There are strong scientific reasons to believe that radiation induced leukemia may reflect different molecular alterations than "sporadic" leukemia. This view is supported by the most eminent U.S. cytogeneticists. These highly respected scientists strongly believe that there is an urgent call to initiate immediately such investigations. There are no other human populations that can be studied to answer such questions. The potential discoveries may have tremendous scientific and economic implications. However, because of the rapidly deteriorating social and medical 1 ^
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CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR ACCIDENT DOCUMENT
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About BACM Research - PaperlessArch
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days, so they left nearly everythin
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The 1986 Report of the U.S. Departm
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S. Hrg. 99-869 THE CHERNOBYL ACCIDE
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COMMITTEE ON ENERGY AND NATURAL RES
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BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY THE CHERNOBYL
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statement of Senator J. Bennett Joh
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We will contiue to work to make nuc
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. - the foreign reactor market that
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STATEMENT OF HON. HOWARD M. METZENB
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11 with the wrong report. He came u
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13 The residents of the state of Oh
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15 Yes, I am not satisfied with eve
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17 We accomplished our work by coll
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19 Senator Metzenbaum. Mr. Chairman
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21 The work of the Task Force was t
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23 On May 3 the State Department se
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25 The first elevated levels of rad
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27 8 Foreign data received suggeste
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29 By way of comparison, you might
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31 - 2 - around the world. In the i
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33 4 - In addition to these meeting
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35 - 6 radiological release mechani
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37 DESCRIPTION OF THE CHERNOBYL SIT
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40 SIX OPERATING PUMPS (8 PUMPS TOT
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42 .'ill a* O > S 2s5Sg sxs.f 2-53
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46 10 I. 3 c o u .>$ «o
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48 12 H
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50 14 SUPPRESSION POOL ARRANGEMENT
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52 16 SOURCES OF ENVIRONMENTAL DATA
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54 18 EXTRAPOLATION FACTORS (BACK T
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56 20 FUTURE PLANS PREPARE REPORT I
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58 The Department's Nuclear Safety
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60 STATEMENT OF MARY L. WALKEK ASSI
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62 to minimize and manage risks so
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64 Third, the United States nuclear
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66 The priority the Department plac
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68 of the reactor core melted. Unli
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70 Introduction As a member of the
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72 questions concerning fuel behavi
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74 While each of these areas are pa
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76 promises to be able to demonstra
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78 The Chairman. Thank you. Dr. Bun
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80 The most important actions we ca
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82 Nonetheless, I will try to recou
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84 I doubt If I can today convert e
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86 All of our eggs are In the baske
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88 8 safety margins and more fall -
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90 10 The existing emergency planni
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92 12 Further, If we want to ensure
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94 14 never survive the kind of pro
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96 firmed, but at least suspected t
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The Chairman. If we were to 98 have
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100 2 THE FACT OF THE MATTER IS, MR
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102 THE SOVIET UNION ALSO AGREED TH
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104 6 MR. CHAIRMAN, IT WILL DO US L
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106 12 tific developments. includin
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108 14 The participating States a^^
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no speculation in the press that it
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112 than the Soviet Union. They hav
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114 We find that as a glimmer that
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116 Mr. Denton. I don't have that a
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118 My next question is what is the
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120 Mr. Meyers. These are the Easte
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122 Los Anpeles Times, 5/22/86 Radi
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124 us trig au m ifistead of a u to
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126 have it go through a peer revie
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128 Mr. Meyers. Mr. Chairman, may I
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130 -2- The health assessment subgr
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— 132 and ask my questions. If he
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134 Mr. Denton. I do not think they
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136 Senator Melcher. To clarify you
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^ 138 human error then, leading to
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140 are 25 BWR units with Mark I co
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142 engineering safeguards for ther
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144 STATEMENT SUBMITTED FOR THE REC
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146 2 - Process Heat for the chemic
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. 148 - ^ THE HEAT IS TRANSPORTED B
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150 Senator Domenici. Mr. Taylor, w
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152 Of that, over the many, many ye
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154 statement to Senate Committee o
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. 156 have become vital and continu
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158 NRC and our industry to produce
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s" 160 on the facts and to ensure t
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. 162 the fuel elements and light w
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164 generations of RBMK designs to
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166 • Third, the design appears t
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168 and ramifications of flow and h
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— 170 Senator Domenici. Thank you
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172 Soon we will have seen a fivefo
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174 Testimony to the Energy and Nat
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176 o The June 1986 folder entitled
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178 Corporate Evaluations Evaluatio
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180 EVENT ANALYSIS AND INFORMATION
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182 accessible from remote terminal
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184 o INPO has also developed good
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186 Members of the full Board are l
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. 188 NATIONAL ACADEMY FOR NUCLEAR
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" 190 o In May and June of 1985, th
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192 identified during INPO evaluati
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194 increased awareness at all leve
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196 o Collective radiation exposure
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198 Establishment of these long-ter
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200 Senator Domenici. Thank you, ve
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202 STATEMENT SUBMITTED FOR THE REC
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. 204 -2- capacity, and has long be
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206 • 4- Temperature Stability Th
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208 In addition. It also appears th
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210 Senator Domenici. Thank you. Dr
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212 The billions of dollars per yea
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214 As a nuclear physicist who has
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216 industry and strong reaction fr
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218 -5- Nevertheless, despite our o
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220 Citizen groups are going to int
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] 222 -9- Footnotes and References
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224 THE BULLETIN OF THE ATOMIC SCIE
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226 clear power plants since 1975
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228 Jan Beyea, a physicist, is a se
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230 ... a filtered vent system coul
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232 It is possible that it will tak
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234 Senator Domenici. I appreciate
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APPENDIX Responses to Additional Co
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. . 239 A2 . As noted above, we wou
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241 QUESTION 1. Some people have sa
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243 QUESnON_l. (Continued) 3 - For
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245 QUESTION C.tt . What do we know
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247
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: 249 -S-Vi9S>-ftv\.S>6)N^>^ -^'S^V
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251 QUESTION 2. (Continued) - 2 - P
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253 fiU E S no N_2 . (Continued) -
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255 QUESTION 3 . Just to set the re
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257 QUESTION 5. If you were to choo
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259 2UEST|0N_5. (Continued; 3 - Fir
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261 SMilII2!!_Z- ^° "^ "°" ^^^^ ^
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263 SMilllO^l-^- You attended the I
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I A 265 QU E ST 1 N_ 1 , year ago,
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267 QUESTION 10. (Continued) 3 - in
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269 QUESTION 10. (Continued) - 5 Wi
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271 QUESTION 10. (Continued) - 7 su
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I 273 QUESTION 10. (Continued) - 9
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: i 275 QUESTION 11. (Continued) -
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277 QUESTION 12. (Continued) - 2 -
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279 QUESTION 1 2. (Continued) - 4 -
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281 UNITED STATES NUCLEAR REGULATOR
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283 g U E S T 1 N 13. What are the
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I 285 POST-HEARING QUESTIONS AND AN
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287 2 maintained current. Computer
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289 QUESTIONS FROM CHAIRMAN JAMES A
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297 -2- Answer 7 (continued): posse
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299 -2- Answer 8 (continued): The S
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301 -2- Answer 9 (continued): The f
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303 Answer 10 j. -- xu (continued):
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305 nUESTION FROM CHAIRMAN JAMES A.
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307 QUESTION FROM CHAIRMAN JAMES A.
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309 Answer 14 (continued); 2. Early
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311 Answer 15 (continued): verifica
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313 -2- Answer 16 (continued): Desi
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315 -2- Answer 17 (continued): forc
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317 POST-HEARING QUESTIONS AND ANSW
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319 2 b. By legislation, existing D
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321 Question 3: Has the DOE designe
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, 323 JAMU A. WeCLUW. OAHO. CHAMHAN
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PROF. DR. RUDOLF SCHULTEN Direklor
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327 Questions from Senator Wallop 1
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329 i-ooi trnl Electric Power Resea
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: 331 J. A. McClure -2- July 08, 19
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333 J, A. McClure -4- July 08, 1986
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.. 335 ES, TUESDAY. JUNE 3. 1986 NE
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337 INPO RESPONSES TO QUESTIONS BY
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339 Answer: INPO's strength is in i
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SAN 341 SENATE COMMITT-E ON F'-'fm;
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343 Answer There is wide participat
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S. Hrg. 102-765 EFFECTS OF THE ACCI
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,,0S10H PUBUC UBRWV- COMMITTEE ON E
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EFFECTS OF THE ACCIDENT AT THE CHER
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It is clear that the remaining RBMK
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the Federal prosecutor of the USSR
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With growing urgency, the Ukrainian
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We did check soil samples and radia
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11 the cancer registry data in gene
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13 we are medical investigators and
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15 standard of medical diagnostic a
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17 nobyl. An American-Ukrainian Med
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19 The temperatures, however, were
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21 down on the kind of horizontal p
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23 those who got, shall we say, bla
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25 Well, in the May 1992 issue of t
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27 people just haven't complained a
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29 — physicians that come in. Bec
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Page 404 and 405: 35 Ukraine, and two in Lithuania. T
Page 406 and 407: 37 the training of the operators, e
Page 408 and 409: 39 issue. The directions that the w
Page 410 and 411: 41 Further, there is no easy way of
Page 412 and 413: 43 I thank you for your attention.
Page 414 and 415: 45 • WERs that have not been turn
Page 416 and 417: 47 thank you for convening this hea
Page 418 and 419: I am am 49 INTRODUCTION My name is
Page 420 and 421: 1 . 51 The Ukrainian Ministry of He
Page 422 and 423: 53 information on the actual doses
Page 424 and 425: 55 First, it is well known that wit
Page 426 and 427: 57 1) The U.S. Government should in
Page 428 and 429: 59 Level of malignant tumors of Lym
Page 430 and 431: 61 Level of Malignant Diseases amon
Page 432 and 433: 63 The Level of non-malignant hemat
Page 434 and 435: 65 The Children of Chornobyl Relief
Page 436 and 437: 2 67 TB8TIMOHT Of rr«d K, MattlMT,
Page 438 and 439: pnxlucing ihere 69 Pan H 4. Public
Page 440 and 441: • , t ( (iiiiiii i M 71 P«n H ev
Page 442 and 443: 73 TESTIMONY OF WLADIMIR WERTELECKY
Page 444 and 445: . 75 education. The same comprehens
Page 446 and 447: 77 Should epidemics and other medic
Page 448 and 449: . 79 Massive psychological effects
Page 452 and 453: 83 circumstances in Ukraine, there
Page 454 and 455: 85 flep:acaBHa AyMa yKpaiHM Kojieri
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Page 458 and 459: 89 MiHiCTepCTBO OXOpOKH 3flopoB'a P
Page 460 and 461: . 91 m XAPKIBCbKA OBflACHA AEP>«AB
Page 462 and 463: 93 U.S. Senate Committee on Environ
Page 464 and 465: 95 What Happened The Chernobyl acci
Page 466 and 467: 97 -? 15 U) (0 < Figure 1. Estimate
Page 468 and 469: 99 form lava.' This material ran th
Page 470 and 471: 101 V) S O aċo V) (A « aQ. 3 W f
Page 472 and 473: 103 Unit 4 of ChernoSvt A'PP after
Page 474 and 475: 105 3 O) (0 £ Q. O o
Page 476 and 477: 107 •M E Mr -n. 136 \sss .4U>-^
Page 478 and 479: 109 Natural processas of decay have
Page 480 and 481: Ill Clean up actions should be take
Page 482 and 483: 113 those involved in 1986 and part
Page 484 and 485: 115 Prepared Statement of Murray Fe
Page 486 and 487: 117 with those who are classified a
Page 488 and 489: 119 economies. Economic chaos and h
Page 490 and 491: 121 Table 1.—Operating Reactors i
Page 492 and 493: 123 FORMULA FOR FUNDING American as
Page 494 and 495: 125 their transition to a new forms
Page 496 and 497: 127 Table 1.—Cost Estimate—Cont
Page 498 and 499: 129 Nuclear Materlai;s Management U
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131 Weeks Seven and Eight—Prelimi
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133 Four sets dictation and transcr
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. Develop 135 Ukrainian entrepreneu
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137 be achieved during the first ph
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139 tion measures. As required, the
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141 and services. The laboratory wi
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143 The reactor vessel, primary shi
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145 • fixation, • restrictions
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147 environmental compartment to an
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149 In order to plan for and accomp
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151 4.1.2.2 Ground Water Contaminat
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— 153 should provide direction on
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— 155 relative sensitivity of the
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. . and . . they 157 ( Prepared Sta
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. . and 159 generator. The result i
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161 5 mln hectares of agricultural
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' 163 Not only Ukraine, but the who
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165 taking forceful steps to help c
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167 late seventies." ^° Although t
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169 actors; this information gap ma
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171 To encourage this implementatio
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173 production is solid fuels, eith
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175 the energy efficiency of the ec
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177 ' Because closing costs will in
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. May BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY ..Hopki
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BOSTON PUBLIC LIBRARY 9999 U^/ 0275
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. 'HE LEGACY OF CHORNOBYL 1986 TO 1
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COMMISSION ON SECURITY AND COOPERAT
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THE LEGACY OF CHORNOBYI^1986 TO 199
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— The Helsinki Commission is very
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and its Belarus but any single coun
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Over 10 years after the events, I c
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Mr. Smith. Thank you very much, Mr.
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— 11 If you look at standardized
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13 births. We find it difficult to
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15 leagues have made a long-term co
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17 7's commitment? Of the assistanc
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19 burg is not too far. Greographic
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21 Mr. Smith. Dr. Feshbach, can you
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23 One of the problems with the Int
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25 Mr. KuzMA. There's quite a large
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— 27 bombardment of low-level rad
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29 are proposals that Kyiv be procl
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31 good people there, everywhere, a
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33 Only one percent of the territor
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35 an extent possible the consequen
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37 up of the Consequences of the Ac
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39 Ukrainian people realized that t
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41 presses the brake pedal to slow
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43 The "Sarcophagus" facility was t
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45 8 Rivers and lakes in the vicini
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47 10 According to maximum estimati
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49 12 Immediately after the acciden
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51 14 experienced radiation doses t
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53 16 ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES Over th
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55 18 LEGISLATION ON CHORNOBYL The
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57 20 children affected by the Cher
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59 22 - ensuring proper infrastruct
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61 24 private religious, non-profit
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63 26 environmental effects of radi
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65 STATEMENT BY ALEXANDER B. KUZMA
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67 uncontaminated. Two weeks ago, a
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69 towards other health concerns ex
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71 the enoimity of the task that li
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73 Testimony of Dt. Natalia Lakiza-
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75 About 5 mln people continue to l
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77 Changes in the childbearing func
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79 - a possible many-fold increase
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This is a U.S. Government publicati
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