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4 TOP SECREf-'- for 1977 is about 10,000 MWe. On a basis of past performance, the Soviets are unlikely to achieve this goal before the early 1980s. K. The reactors on the newer Y, C, and V classes of nuclear submarines have exhibited excellent operational characteristics, and the Soviets appear to have a high degree of confidence in them. The C- and V-classes probably have a reactor generating about 150 megawatts, and the Y-class a total reactor power of about 270 megawatts. Work has not yet begun on the two Arktika-class nuclear icebreakers which the Soviets plan to construct L. The USSR is making an active effort to exploit nuclear energy for use in space, but it has not yet launched a nuclear reactor for use there. The Soviets recently developed the world's first prototype thermionic reactor. In the last half of this decade, they could have a 10 kilowatt thermionic reactor as a power source in space. M. The Soviets are continuing their efforts to find a practical way of producing electricity from controlled thermonuclear reactions. They are investigating many approaches, but their main effort is directed at toroidal (doughnut-shaped) plasma and laser-plasma devices. We expect that one of their Tokamak-type toroidal devices will succeed in demonstrating the technical feasibility of the controlled release of fusion energy late in the decade. ,!' Peaceful Uses and International Cooperation· N. The Soviets have a vigorous program for the peaceful use of nuclear explosions (PNE). Since it began in 1965, 15 nuclear detonations specifically for peaceful purposes have been detected, mostly in support of the Soviet oil and gas industry or for excavation projects. The Soviets clearly intend to cany out an extensive program in the future; they have mentioned projects intended to stimulate the production of oil and gas, to store oil and gas, to strip ores, to crush rock, and to create dams and canals. o. The USSR has provided limited nuclear assistance to its allies and to certain non-Communist countries since the mid-1950s. At first, its aid was primarily in the form of training and the supply of reactors and equipment for research, but more recently it has included the construction of nuclear power stations. The USSR is constructing nuclear power stations in Eastern Europe and recently contracted to fOP SECRET '
TOP SECRET 5 supply two power reactors to Finland, the first non-Communist country to buy them from the USSR. P. The USSR has been an active member of the International Atomic Energy Agency (IAEA) since its inception in the mid-1950s. At the IAEA meeting in 1970, the Soviets stated that they were prepared to negotiate contracts to enrich uranium for non-nuclear countries that are parties to the Non-Proliferation Treaty (NPT). The USSR recently concluded an agreement to enrich uranium for France and return it for use in power reactors. This marks a major step in what is probably a Soviet effort to become actively competitive in the world market for reactor fuel. TOP SECRET
Page 1: CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR ACCIDENT DOCUMENT
Page 4 and 5: CHERNOBYL NUCLEAR ACCIDENT DOCUMENT
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Page 10 and 11: .. Soviet Nu
Page 12 and 13: "FOP SECRET NIE 11-2-71 SOVIET NUCL
Page 14 and 15: T-OPSECRa Page IV. ADVANCED NUCLEAR
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Page 20 and 21: 6 TOP SECRET DISCUSSION I J I '" i
Page 22 and 23: 8 TOP SECRET L ~L J TOP SECRET
Page 24 and 25: 10 TOP SECRET 16.C D. Other Weapon
Page 26 and 27: 12 fOP SECRET II. PRODUCTION OF NUC
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Page 34 and 35: 20 lOP SECRET TABLE V SOVIET NUCLEA
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Page 42 and 43: 28 TOP SECRET Power Utilization Ind
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Page 46 and 47: 32 'fOP SECRET ANNEX A (Continued)
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'. USSR: Nuclear Accidcnl Near I
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,~ Intelligence Ji.~ or Me!b,pdS''i
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.~ Contellts Key Judgments Introduc
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stations. There is no single docume
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Svnd Figure 2 Separative Work Requi
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Figure 3 Separative Work Requiremen
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~lt(i(L increase by the end of 1990
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~ec(O' .\' OVl:r the long run, nucl
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Appendix A Existing and Planned Nuc
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Table 3 (conlinuc
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Appendix B Summary of Separative Wo
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Summary of Separative Work Units, b
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Seclcl .J The Soviet Nuclear Power
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UireC:Corace of Intelligence Secret
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Longstanding problems in manufactur
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BLANKPA.GE · .. ....
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Scop~ Nolc For 5e\'cral decades the
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steam that disrupicd la·rge ponio:
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A Chronology 01 the Recorery FJforl
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.~ ;:,o\"lcl I\"uclcar I'O\\W Planl
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,-umlrUClIon of So\icl Commercial N
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prograllJ· The larger number of sm
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1/1 public testimonials, :1 /lumber
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" Wandna Notice Intelligence Source
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The Chernobyl' Accident: Social and
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The Chernobyl' Accident: Social and
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'. ..,j The new consciousness about
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Contents Scope Note Summary ... _ .
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lAxity and Poor Design of tire Clre
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Secn~1 The official figure on the n
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Figure I Evacuated and Repopulated
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MeliCi 1 Fi~.n 2. a} Mill/ary r~urv
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Tire CMI Ddense Role in Clrernobyl'
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"tice'€t Political FaUout From Ch
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SeCi€'---- officials who had more
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,SQQ!Fct ...) • Citizens as far a
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Protecting Water Supplies The marsh
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BCCiCi . c _ ;J workers went on str
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,it tet Chernobyl' has even been in
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Incidents in Soviet Nuclear Power P
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Relocation Moscow announced Ihe eva
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.-Seeret - Criticism of official su
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• Finally, the Gorbachev regime w
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~L in dealing with the incident, ra
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~~~IAL ter at the AES to manage the
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Ukrainians would prefer to seek tec
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Appendix A Players in the Aftermath
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