Tanzania Multi Stakeholder Map - WebNG

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Introduction PESTICIDE AND POVERTY: Multistakeholder mapping Bashiru Abdul AGENDA • Stakeholder mapping was first crucial activity for the Pesticide and poverty project. • The involvement of each and every stakeholder is clearly connected with a role they play in respect to the implementation of the Chemical Conventions in Tanzania. 1 2 Stakeholders identification • Stakeholders were identified from their involvement in other national activities such as Stockholm Convention-National Implementation Plans (NIPs), the ASP, National Chemical Profiles of IFCS, and others • Stakeholders include • Convention focal points, regulators and other relevant government authorities, representatives of NGOs and civil society organisations working in rural areas or public health, representatives of key industries. • Stakeholders for the Pesticide and Poverty project are those whose view points, information, expertise, and mandates are important for effectively implementation of the Chemical Convention and Aim of the mapping • The main aim of the mapping exercise is to identify all actors involved in pesticide management, including obsolete pesticides, including government, public interest community organisations and other non-government actors within Tanzania. Processes in Tanzania. 3 4 Specific Objectives of the mapping • To details ongoing relevant initiatives in Tanzania: what is working positively and what is preventing change • To identify different activities implemented by stakeholders • To devise means how the project could assist the stakeholder’s interests. • To identify gaps and who could be taking responsibility • To enhance collaboration and ensure maximum value for core stakeholders. • To provide possible synergies between different national activities Methodology • Literature review of both print and electronic reports eg. National Profile, ASP, NIP etc • Contacting Institutions/organizations working on Chemical Management, and chemical conventions focal points; • Asking a limited set of well-connected stakeholders to draw up lists of other possible stakeholders; • Inputs from participants of the multistakeholder meeting • The guideline with a set of questions was sent out for the workshop participant to fill in 5 6 131
Pesticide Use and Exposure DAMAGE CAUSED BY PESTICIDES • Pesticides (active ingredients) have for long time being used in Tanzania – to protect crops (mostly cash crops), livestock, buildings and housing from damage caused by insect pests • The contribution of pesticides use in increasing agricultural production and reducing vectorborne diseases has generally been appreciated, concern over their harmful effects on man and environment has only recently gained attention • The effects of pesticides • Some banned pesticides if are still used in Tanzania. In order to set control measures information on the pesticides at any level. 7 • Few preliminary studies conducted in different areas indicated adversely effects of the pesticides used in Tanzania. – case studies conducted TPRI in 1997 on the effects of organochlorines in birds and agro-ecosystem of maize showed residues of organochlorines in the range of 0.001 – 1.45 ng/g (Ijani et al (TPRI, 1997). – studies conducted by NEMC/KISHIMBA/AGENDA at Vikuge indicate a high level of contamination in soil and water, AGENDA is working on the proposal with UNIDO (VIENNA) for medical testing – monitor milk and blood from the area. – study conducted by ENVIROCARE in Kilimanjaro areas • No specific programs designed to study effects of pesticides to human and wildlife population, hence the extent of the problem is not known 8 Major Concerns • Lack of an appropriate pesticide control legislation and lack of a modern pesticides approval/registration procedure e.g Mr. Akabuhaya Presentation • High rates of illiteracy and inability to read complex label instructions • Use of labels in foreign languages • Lack of monitoring of pollutants (e.g. in food, drinking water and working environment) • Easy access to acutely toxic substances (e.g. to commit suicide) e.g Chief Government Chemists data • Lack of capacity (manpower and financial resources) to advise on and enforce national laws, approved codes of conduct, etc. • Lack of information provision and awareness raising aiming at the small enterprise level (e.g. farms) on rational storage, handling, use of pesticides and disposal of waste pesticides and empty containers 9 Major Concern Cont… Virtual impossibility of wearing protective clothing in hot and humid climates Absence of medical facilities and no access to antidotes Poor information provisions leading to a lack of knowledge about risks involved Use of cheap, often more dangerous substances and faulty equipment Inadequate management and storage of obsolete stocks and used packaging materials Lack of facilities for proper waste management. 10 Several local and individual conditions and malpractices aggravate the situation for the end user: National Pesticide Risk Reduction Initiatives • Excessive use or misuse of hazardous chemical substances • Use of acutely toxic substances without adequate safety measures • Inappropriate use of pesticides (e.g. to catch fish) • Failure to use protective clothing • Lack of clean water for washing • Inability to afford protective clothing or equipment • Mixing of hazardous chemicals by hand • Re-use of pesticide containers for food or water storage • Use of beverage containers (bottles) for pesticide storage • Lack of care when transporting or handling chemical Law Currently Regulating hazardous Chemicals • Environmental Management Act (NEMA) 2004 - Hazardous chemical management is covered in the Act, parts V, VI, VIII and IX. • The Industrial and Consumer chemicals (management & control) Act 2003; Section 10(h) states specifically that one responsibility of the Chief Government Chemist, as the Registrar of Chemicals is to conduct public educational campaigns on sound management of Chemicals. • The occupational health and safety Act, 2002; The Plant Protection Act 1997 and regulations of 1999; The pharmaceuticals and poisons Act of 1978 and the Petroleum exploration and production Act 1980; the Public Health Ordinance (1954); National Water Act of 1974 and its amendments of 1981, 1987 and 2000; the TPRI Act 1979 and its regulations of 1984; The National Industrial Licensing and Registration Act (1967), IPM in Tanzania (1992 – 2003) substances. 11 12 132
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PESTICIDES AND POVERTY Implementing
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3.4 THEME IV: PROJECT DETAILS......
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MoH Ministry of Health MT Metric To
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Initially, she gave a brief history
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iii. Rotterdam Convention - Mr. A.
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this project are aware of this trai
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On in implementation part the prese
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to that effect, however, EMA requir
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decision to prohibit transboundary
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Mr. Akhabuhaya - Registrar of Pesti
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over a broad range of sectors, havi
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laws, approved codes of conduct, et
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work plan preparation, there is a n
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After the presentation it was asked
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4.0 GROUP WORK AND PRESENTATIONS 4.
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2.2. Training individuals with trai
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4.4 To introduce and promote new st
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7.1. Identify effective ways to pro
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8.1. Production and dissemination o
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GROUP 1 PROVISION OF INPUTS TO THE
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- misuse of pesticides as obstacle
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• Mapping of supply chain for pes
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6.0. CLOSING REMARKS The closing re
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APPENDIX I WORKSHOP PROGRAMME 42
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17.00 End Day 1 Day 2: Thursday 4 t
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APPENDIX II LIST OF PARTICIPANTS 46
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7 Dr. Enock Masanja University of D
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18 Dr. Ruth Minja Tanzania Associat
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Pesticides and Poverty Implementing
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Activity 6 - CASE STUDIES - Documen
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CONTENTS 1.0 INTRODUCTION TO THE ST
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In recent decades, the risks posed
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exemptions granted should minimize
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c) Report to the Conference of the
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and dissemination of available alte
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The issue of management of POPs fal
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Table 1: List of stakeholders and t
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Institution xxiv) TANESCO xxv) Seed
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5.0 CHALLENGES AND PLANNED EFFORTS
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5.2 Planned Efforts Some of the pla
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7.0 CONCLUDING REMARKS The Stockhol
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Reviews notifications from parties
Page 86 and 87: 4.3 Roles of stakeholders: Provisio
Page 88 and 89: provides early warning for developi
Page 90 and 91: TABLE 1: CHEMICALS SUBJECT TO THE P
Page 92 and 93: Chemical Category Registration Stat
Page 94 and 95: PAPER ON BASEL AND BAMAKO CONVENTIO
Page 96 and 97: 1.0 Introduction 1.1 History of the
Page 98 and 99: ⇒ The prevention and monitoring o
Page 100 and 101: need to be disposed of. Hence trans
Page 102 and 103: (i) Ban amendment (1995) During its
Page 104 and 105: ⇒ To encourage treatment and disp
Page 106 and 107: 9.0 Implementation status of the Ba
Page 108 and 109: (iii) (iv) Disposal of DNOC at Ceme
Page 110 and 111: (i) (ii) (vii) Management of hazard
Page 112 and 113: BRIEF HISTORY INTERNATIONAL CODE OF
Page 114 and 115: CTD B)Defficient Laws and Regulatio
Page 116 and 117: 2025. Examples of broader goals emb
Page 118 and 119: particular focus on food security n
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Page 122 and 123: 4.2 How do the MDGs link to Pestici
Page 124 and 125: • Impacts on certain populations,
Page 126 and 127: and sociological issues (“mainstr
Page 128 and 129: 6.3 Non-Income Poverty 6.3.1 Educat
Page 130 and 131: 7.2 Least-Toxic Controls In this ap
Page 132 and 133: 8.2 Rotterdam Convention Article 3:
Page 134 and 135: coordination. Most important some C
Page 138 and 139: Registration and Control • Respon
Page 140 and 141: THE ASP AND CIVIL SOCIETY • The A
Page 142 and 143: Coordination of NGOs • Use existi
Page 144 and 145: How International Agreements Can Pr
Page 146 and 147: 4. Implementing the Codes & Convent
Page 148 and 149: CPAM MONITORING TOOLS 1. Community
Page 150 and 151: AGENDA Experience • Visits the vi
Page 152 and 153: DESIGNING AN ECOLOGICAL MONITORING
Page 154: PESTICIDES AND POVERTY CASE STUDIES
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