Tanzania Multi Stakeholder Map - WebNG

productivity, it wiped out the crop, case example “MATOKE”. Of course the
reasons for such adverse effect may be many, but definitely, lack of knowledge
on the proper use of such chemical could have played a role. Therefore, it is only
through articulation of the challenges proper interventions may be put in place.
The NSGRP provides a detailed analysis of the challenges to be overcome in
order to eradicate poverty. The challenges are discussed under the following
sub-headings:
6.1 Income Poverty
As mentioned earlier, the proportion of the population below the national food
poverty line is 18.7 percent and that below the national basic needs poverty line
is 35.7 percent. The majority poor people i.e. 87% live in rural areas and is
highest among households who depend on agriculture. Tanzania has been
experiencing a low average per capita real economic growth of only 0.6 percent
annually over a ten-year period. The current impressive economic growth of
about 6.0% is due to faster growth in manufacturing, construction, mining and
quarrying as well as wholesale, retail and hotels, not in agriculture, which
employ the majority of poor.
Agriculture is the lead sector in the Tanzanian economy accounting for 45
percent of GDP and about 60 percent of export earnings. Agriculture is the
source of food and raw materials for industries. It also provides livelihoods to 82
percent of the population. Major constraints to agriculture sector growth and
productivity include low productivity of land, labour and production inputs;
underdeveloped irrigation potential; limited capital and access to financial
services; inadequate agricultural technical support services; poor rural
infrastructure; infestations and outbreaks of crop and animal pests and
diseases; erosion of natural resource base and environmental degradation. In
order to benefit the poor majority, promotion of agricultural sector is essential,
and this may inevitably mean increased use of pesticides and fertilisers, hence
the need for sound management of pesticide use.
6.2 Employment Status
According to the Integrated Labour Force Survey (2001/02) 10 the total labour
force (age 15 years and above) has increased from 11.2 million in 1990/91 to
17.8 million in 2001. This implies that 650,000 new people have been entering
the labour market every year. Wage and salary employment has been expanding
at much lower rate estimated at some 40,000 persons per annum. That leaves
the majority of the new entrants into the labour market entering the labour market
through self-employment largely in agriculture and the informal sector. Again,
agricultural sector need to be promoted in order to solve unemployment
problems and rural-urban migration.
10 URT (2002). Integrated Labour Force Survey
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