Tuvalu Island Courts Bench Book - Federal Court of Australia
Tuvalu Island Courts Bench Book - Federal Court of Australia Tuvalu Island Courts Bench Book - Federal Court of Australia
2 The Tuvalu Court System 2.1 The Structure of the Tuvalu Court System Figure 1 The Structure of Tuvalu Courts Sovereign in Council (Kaunisela o Famasino a te Tupu) Court of Appeal (Fono Toe Tagi) High Court (Fono Maluga) Senior Magistrate’s Court (Fono Famasino Maluga) Magistrates’ Courts (Fono Famasino Tumau) Lands Court Appeal Panel (Fono o Toe Tagi o Manafa) Island Courts (Fono Famasino a Fenua) Lands Court (Fono Manafa) Tuvalu Island Courts Bench Book June 2004
2.2 General Characteristics of the Tuvalu Court System The Tuvalu Court system has two branches (see Figure 1). One branch deals specifically with customary matters, including: • customary land disputes; • customary wills; • customary succession; • customary adoption; and • customary fishing rights. The Courts in this branch are: • The Lands Courts; and • The Lands Court Appeal Panel. The other branch deals with civil and criminal matters and matters relating to the Constitution. The Courts in this branch are: • The Island Courts; • The Magistrates’ Courts; • The Senior Magistrate’s Court; • The High Court; • The Court of Appeal; and • The Sovereign in Council. The Tuvalu Court system is hierarchical (see Figure 1): • This hierarchy is essential to the Doctrine of Precedent, meaning that decisions of a Court higher in the hierarchy are binding on the lower Courts. See 4.4 below. • The hierarchy also provides an appeal system which allows decisions to be checked by more senior Courts. This helps prevent inconsistency within the Courts and provides a check and balance system. Tuvalu Island Courts Bench Book June 2004
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2 The <strong>Tuvalu</strong> <strong>Court</strong> System<br />
2.1 The Structure <strong>of</strong> the <strong>Tuvalu</strong> <strong>Court</strong> System<br />
Figure 1 The Structure <strong>of</strong> <strong>Tuvalu</strong> <strong><strong>Court</strong>s</strong><br />
Sovereign in Council<br />
(Kaunisela o Famasino a te Tupu)<br />
<strong>Court</strong> <strong>of</strong> Appeal<br />
(Fono Toe Tagi)<br />
High <strong>Court</strong><br />
(Fono Maluga)<br />
Senior Magistrate’s <strong>Court</strong><br />
(Fono Famasino Maluga)<br />
Magistrates’ <strong><strong>Court</strong>s</strong><br />
(Fono Famasino Tumau)<br />
Lands <strong>Court</strong> Appeal Panel<br />
(Fono o Toe Tagi o Manafa)<br />
<strong>Island</strong> <strong><strong>Court</strong>s</strong><br />
(Fono Famasino a Fenua)<br />
Lands <strong>Court</strong><br />
(Fono Manafa)<br />
<strong>Tuvalu</strong> <strong>Island</strong> <strong><strong>Court</strong>s</strong> <strong>Bench</strong> <strong>Book</strong> June 2004
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