Tuvalu Island Courts Bench Book - Federal Court of Australia

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Commentary This section is aimed at requiring licensees to take steps to keep the licensed premises orderly, preventing drunk people from becoming more drunk and preventing some of the worse behaviours arising from drunkenness in check. All charges under s98 Burden and standard of proof The prosecution must prove all the elements beyond reasonable doubt. If the defence establishes to your satisfaction that there is a reasonable doubt, then the prosecution has failed. Identification In Court, the prosecution should identify the person charged by clearly pointing out that person in Court. The prosecution must provide evidence to prove that it was the accused who did the alleged acts. Licensed premises The prosecution must prove that the premises were licensed (the license should be produced as an exhibit) and that the alleged behaviour happened on those premises. A person who was drunk or behaving in a violent, quarrelsome, indecent or grossly disorderly or offensive way The prosecution must prove that the other person was either drunk or behaving one or more of these ways. If the ground is drunkenness, the prosecution must prove more than just that the accused was affected by alcohol or had been drinking. They must prove that the accused was drunk and good evidence of drunkenness must be given. Note that any alleged disorderly or offensive conduct must be gross, that is, extreme. There must be good evidence of what was done or said and by whom. Defences If the prosecution has proved the elements of the offence, beyond reasonable doubt, the accused may still have a legal defence. The accused will have to establish their defence to your satisfaction, on the balance of probabilities (i.e. more likely than not). Tuvalu Island Courts Bench Book June 2004
Charges under s98(1) License holder The accused must hold a publican’s license. The prosecution should produce the license as an exhibit. It may not need to be the licensee personally who did the permitting or supplying – one of his or her employees may be sufficient. Permitted This means allowed. If the behaviour is occurring and the licensee has taken no steps to stop it or make the person leave, it can be inferred that they have permitted the behaviour. Sold or supplied alcohol Usually it may be inferred that someone on licensed premises who is drinking alcohol got it from the premises. Defence If the prosecution proves all the elements beyond reasonable doubt, then the accused may have a defence if they or their staff took all reasonable steps to prevent the behaviour. Ask yourself what steps were reasonable in the circumstances. The accused needs to prove this on the balance of probabilities, that is, their evidence must show it was more likely than not that they took such steps to prevent the behaviour. Charges under s98(2) A person The accused does not have to be a licensee under this ground. Procured or attempted to procure or helped the person to obtain alcohol Under this ground, the prosecution must prove that the accused got or attempted to get alcohol, or assisted the other person to get alcohol in some way. See the definition of “attempt” in s371 Penal Code. Usually an attempt involves doing something to try and get the alcohol for the other person. Tuvalu Island Courts Bench Book June 2004
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Tuvalu Island Courts Bench Book Pro
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nor this Book would be as effective
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2 Conduct in Court 2.1 Preparing fo
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E Civil 1 Introduction 2 Civil Juri
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Pacific Judicial Education Programm
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Tuvalu Island Courts Bench Book Jun
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The independence of the Judiciary i
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The Constitution gives immunity to
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2.2 General Characteristics of the
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2.4 A Brief Description of the Cour
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The Sovereign in Council is the Que
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The following people may not be app
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3.6 Procedures Procedures establish
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Any statute or regulation passed af
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Customs must be taken into consider
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5.3 The Important Rules of Evidence
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For example, X has been prohibited
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Term Adjournment Meaning When a cas
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Impartial/Impartiality Being free o
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Tort A wrong committed by one perso
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Tuvalu Island Courts Bench Book Jun
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1.2 “Do Right” Integrity You sh
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This principle touches several diff
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2 Conduct in Court 2.1 Preparing fo
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• Never make fun of a party or wi
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It is your responsibility to ensure
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C: CRIMINAL This part describes the
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1 Criminal Jurisdiction of the Isla
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Act Section Description Penal Code
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Act Section Description Marriage Ac
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4 How a Case Gets to Court Criminal
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In any case before the Court, the d
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The person should be in attendance
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6.4 The Defence The defence does no
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Mental capacity (called the mens re
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8.1 Principles Governing Decision M
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8.3 A Structured Approach to Making
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Criminal Decision Format Follow thi
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9.1 Principles of Sentencing It is
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Customary considerations Custom may
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9.4 Types of Sentence The Island Co
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Discharge (Absolute) Imposed where
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When a case has been decided on app
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Assistance for the young person Usu
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11.4 Sentencing Young Offenders Par
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D: COMMON OFFENCES This part is a q
Page 93 and 94: The following offences are those th
Page 95 and 96: Drunk and disorderly Section s167(d
Page 97 and 98: Defences If the prosecution has pro
Page 99 and 100: Words or behaviour There must be go
Page 101 and 102: Public place The prosecution must p
Page 103 and 104: Legal excuse The prosecution must p
Page 105 and 106: Took and carried away The prosecuti
Page 107 and 108: The prosecution must provide eviden
Page 109 and 110: Larceny (theft) or destruction of t
Page 111 and 112: This is a subjective test - it is t
Page 113 and 114: In Court, the prosecution should id
Page 115 and 116: Larceny (theft) of or destruction/d
Page 117 and 118: Defences If the prosecution has pro
Page 119 and 120: Larceny (theft) of or damage to fix
Page 121 and 122: For a charge of stealing: Took and
Page 123 and 124: Going armed in public Section s25 P
Page 125 and 126: Sentence The maximum penalty is imp
Page 127 and 128: Place The fight may be in a public
Page 129 and 130: Driving while unlicensed Section s1
Page 131 and 132: Breach of provisional driving licen
Page 133 and 134: Careless driving Section s20 Traffi
Page 135 and 136: Taking a vehicle without authority
Page 137 and 138: Driving while impaired by alcohol o
Page 139 and 140: Speeding Section reg7(1), (2), (3)
Page 141 and 142: Traffic Act offences where no speci
Page 143: Drunkenness on licensed premises Se
Page 147 and 148: Supplying a minor Section s99(1) an
Page 149 and 150: Under age drinking on licensed prem
Page 151 and 152: Refusal to leave licensed premises
Page 153 and 154: Possession of a dangerous weapon on
Page 155 and 156: Possession of a dangerous weapon wh
Page 157 and 158: Drinking alcohol in prohibited publ
Page 159 and 160: The following offences are usually
Page 161 and 162: • The person named in the charge
Page 163 and 164: other person. This is a subjective
Page 165 and 166: possession. Possession does not hav
Page 167 and 168: Assault causing actual bodily harm
Page 169 and 170: Assault with intention to commit fe
Page 171 and 172: Assaulting, resisting or wilfully o
Page 173 and 174: Assaulting, resisting or obstructin
Page 175 and 176: Assaulting any person in execution
Page 177 and 178: Simple larceny (theft) Section ss25
Page 179 and 180: The accused will have to establish
Page 181 and 182: Tuvalu Island Courts Bench Book Jun
Page 183 and 184: 3 Civil Procedure Writ filed. Date
Page 185 and 186: Upon a request for a subpoena of a
Page 187 and 188: 5 Judgment Once all the evidence ha
Page 189 and 190: If you order imprisonment for defau
Page 191 and 192: 6 Contracts 6.1 What is a Contract?
Page 193 and 194: Certainty The general rule is that
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A breach of contract can take many
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Validity Is there any reason to mak
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3. Damage or harm as a direct cause
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8 Appeals and Revisions 8.1 Appeals
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F: FAMILY This part generally descr
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1 Family Jurisdiction See s5 and Sc
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2 Marriage The law on Marriage is f
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2.3 The Special License Hearing Thi
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3.3 How a Divorce Case Gets to Cour
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The Court may forego attempts at re
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Divorce Checklist Jurisdiction Are
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If you are not satisfied that adequ
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4.6 Interim Hearing An interim-hear
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5 Matrimonial Property In divorce p
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6.3 How an Application for a Mainte
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If the Island Court makes a mainten
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CRIMINAL FORMS: 1. Charge 2. Summon
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CIVIL FORMS: 11. Writ of summons 12
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FAMILY FORMS: 17. Divorce petition
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CASES: High Court of Tuvalu 2002 an
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Tuvalu Island Courts Bench Book - Federal Court of Australia

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