Fiji Magistrates Bench Book - Federal Court of Australia
Fiji Magistrates Bench Book - Federal Court of Australia Fiji Magistrates Bench Book - Federal Court of Australia
• Whether the accused person is under the age of 18 years (see s3(5)). • Whether the accused person is incapacitated by injury or intoxication or otherwise in danger or in need of physical protection. The public interest and the protection of the community • Any previous failure by the accused person to surrender to custody or to observe bail conditions. • The likelihood of the accused person interfering with evidence, witnesses or assessors or any specially affected person. • The likelihood of the accused person committing an arrestable offence while on bail. 4.5 Right to Bail for Certain Offences An accused person has the right to be released on bail, with or without conditions, for the following offences: • any offence not punishable by a sentence of imprisonment; • any offence under the Minor Offences Act Cap 18; and • any offence punishable summarily that is of a class or description prescribed by the regulations for the purposes of this section: ss5(1), 5(2)(b) Electable Offences Decree. However, this entitlement to bail is lost if: • he or she has previously breached bail; • he or she is incapacitated by intoxication, injury or use of a drug, or is otherwise in need of physical protection; • he or she stands convicted of the offence; or • the requirement for bail is dispensed with under s6: s5(2). An accused person is not entitled to bail if he or she is in custody serving a sentence of imprisonment in connection with some other offence: s5(3). 4.6 Young Accused Persons Bail must be granted to an accused person under the age of 18 years unless: • he or she has a previous conviction; • he or she has previously breached bail; or • the offence in question is a serious offence. Fiji Magistrates Bench Book April 2004
A “serious offence” is any offence for which the maximum penalty includes imprisonment for 5 years or more: s2. 4.7 Offender Appealing Against Conviction or Sentence Where the Court is considering granting bail to a person who has appealed against conviction or sentence, the Court must take into account: • the likelihood of success in the appeal; • the likely time before the appeal hearing; • the proportion of the sentence which will have been served, when the appeal is heard: s17(3). 4.8 Accused Person in Custody for 2 Years or More If an accused person has been custody for 2 years or more and his or her trial has not begun, the Court must release him or her on bail: s13(4). Note that this is not the case where: • the trial has begun and the Court has refused bail; • the accused person is serving a sentence for another offence: s13(5). The period of 2 years does not include any period of delay caused by the fault of the accused person: s13(6): Albertimo Shankar HAM 014/3. “Trial” means the trial proper of the accused person in respect of the offence which he or she has been charged with and does not include: • committal proceedings; or • the determination of any preliminary or interlocutory application: s13(7). 4.9 Case Law See Tak Sang Hao v State Misc. Action No. HAM 003 of 2001S. The Court stated 10 factors to be considered: • the presumption of innocence under s28(1)(a) of the Constitution; • whether the accused person will appear to stand trial; • whether bail has previously been refused; • the seriousness of the charge; Fiji Magistrates Bench Book April 2004
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• Whether the accused person is under the age <strong>of</strong> 18 years (see s3(5)).<br />
• Whether the accused person is incapacitated by injury or intoxication or otherwise in<br />
danger or in need <strong>of</strong> physical protection.<br />
The public interest and the protection <strong>of</strong> the community<br />
• Any previous failure by the accused person to surrender to custody or to observe bail<br />
conditions.<br />
• The likelihood <strong>of</strong> the accused person interfering with evidence, witnesses or assessors or<br />
any specially affected person.<br />
• The likelihood <strong>of</strong> the accused person committing an arrestable <strong>of</strong>fence while on bail.<br />
4.5 Right to Bail for Certain Offences<br />
An accused person has the right to be released on bail, with or without conditions, for the<br />
following <strong>of</strong>fences:<br />
• any <strong>of</strong>fence not punishable by a sentence <strong>of</strong> imprisonment;<br />
• any <strong>of</strong>fence under the Minor Offences Act Cap 18; and<br />
• any <strong>of</strong>fence punishable summarily that is <strong>of</strong> a class or description prescribed by the<br />
regulations for the purposes <strong>of</strong> this section: ss5(1), 5(2)(b) Electable Offences Decree.<br />
However, this entitlement to bail is lost if:<br />
• he or she has previously breached bail;<br />
• he or she is incapacitated by intoxication, injury or use <strong>of</strong> a drug, or is otherwise in need<br />
<strong>of</strong> physical protection;<br />
• he or she stands convicted <strong>of</strong> the <strong>of</strong>fence; or<br />
• the requirement for bail is dispensed with under s6: s5(2).<br />
An accused person is not entitled to bail if he or she is in custody serving a sentence <strong>of</strong><br />
imprisonment in connection with some other <strong>of</strong>fence: s5(3).<br />
4.6 Young Accused Persons<br />
Bail must be granted to an accused person under the age <strong>of</strong> 18 years unless:<br />
• he or she has a previous conviction;<br />
• he or she has previously breached bail; or<br />
• the <strong>of</strong>fence in question is a serious <strong>of</strong>fence.<br />
<strong>Fiji</strong> <strong>Magistrates</strong> <strong>Bench</strong> <strong>Book</strong> April 2004