Human Resources for Health in Maternal, Neonatal and - HRH ...

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Evidence based interventions ......................................................................................... 171 HRH Lessons from countries who have made progress towards MDG5 ...................... 172 Scaling up HRH interventions ....................................................................................... 172 Measuring HRH performance at community level ........................................................ 173 Discussion and Recommendations ........................................................................................ 174 Investment at community level .......................................................................................... 175 Towards a comprehensive approach to enhancing HRH practice in MNRH .................... 175 Improving the quality of community level HRH information ....................................... 176 A comprehensive approach to assessing HRH performance in MNRH at the community level ................................................................................................................................ 178 Key recommendations for planning, implementing and evaluating HRH practice ........... 180 Appendices ............................................................................................................................. 182 Glossary ................................................................................................................................. 207 References .............................................................................................................................. 209 P a g e | 5
Acronyms AAAH Asia and Pacific Action Alliance for Human Resources for Health AIDS Acquired immune deficiency syndrome or acquired immunodeficiency syndrome AMREF African Medical and Research Foundation AMTSL Active management of third stage of labour ANC Antenatal Care ANM Auxiliary nurse midwife ART Anti Retroviral Therapy ASHA Accredited social health activist ASW Adherence support workers AWW Anganwadi Worker BEmOC Basic Emergency Obstetric Care Centre B-EMONC Basic Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care BPHS Basic Package of Health Services CAPA Community-Based Child Survival Approach CBHP community based health personnel CEmOC Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric Care Services C-EMONC Comprehensive Emergency Obstetric and Newborn Care CHNs Community health nurses CHW Community Health Worker CMMNC Community-Managed Maternal and Newborn Care CMW Community health midwife CNV Community health Volunteer CPDMS Clinical Performance Development and Management System for Nurses and Midwives COC Combined oral contraceptive CSBA community-based skilled birth attendant CSW Commercial sex workers DFID Department for International Development DWU Divine Word University Lutheran School of Nursing DMPA depot-medroxyprogesterone acetate EmONC Emergency Obstetric and Neonatal Care ENBC Essential Newborn Care EOC Essential Obstetric Care FBO Faith Based Organisations FCI Family Care International FIGO International Federation of Gynecology and Obstetrics FGD Focus group discussions FHI Family Health International FWA Family welfare assistants FWV Family welfare volunteers GAVI Global Alliance for Vaccines and Immunisation GHWA Global Heath Workforce Alliance HEWs Health Extension Workers HIV Human immunodeficiency virus HNPSP Health, Nutrition and Population Sector Program HR Human resources HRD Human resource development HRH Human resources for health HRM Human resource management IC Improvement collaborative ICM International Council of Midwives P a g e | 6
Page 1 and 2: Human Resources for Health in Mater
Page 3 and 4: What human resource practices in ma
Page 5: Collaboration with traditional and
Page 9 and 10: TBA T & L UNFPA UNICEF UOG UPNG USA
Page 11 and 12: Figure 34 Potential gain in percent
Page 13 and 14: Executive Summary Addressing the ba
Page 15 and 16: Introduction What human resource pr
Page 17 and 18: Review Questions 1. What HR approac
Page 19 and 20: Effective HRH practice and quality
Page 21 and 22: is no single prescribed set of ways
Page 23 and 24: Table 3 Classification of health ce
Page 25 and 26: Figure 5 Millennium Development Goa
Page 27 and 28: (UNICEF 2007) However, the road to
Page 29 and 30: A number of steps are purported to
Page 31 and 32: Figure 10 Overview of HRH at commun
Page 33 and 34: functions, the latter involving mob
Page 35 and 36: settings‖(ICN 2009). They may be
Page 37 and 38: Table 7 What Skilled attendants can
Page 39 and 40: Traditional healers may also be inv
Page 41 and 42: Methodology What human resource pra
Page 43 and 44: Table 9 Search terms used for the s
Page 45 and 46: findings. Differences and similarit
Page 47 and 48: Barriers and constraints to HRH pra
Page 49 and 50: PHEs. In the Pacific the density of
Page 51 and 52: partum services as being from 1:60
Page 53 and 54: husbands who oppose family planning
Page 55 and 56: Remuneration for CHWs, nurse and mi
Page 57 and 58:
Supportive HRH strategies and appro
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Strengthening HRH policy legislatio
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Strategies to improve Human resourc
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there are interrelationships betwee
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Table 11 Tools for managing HR in M
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Performance management Effective ma
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The Health and Family Planning Mana
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as a guide to mentoring, delegation
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eceived from outside the routine pu
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The isolated nature of much communi
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progress over time. This tool and t
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At national level, countries may ha
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evaluating and adjusting the size a
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There are a number of difficulties
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Figure 23 The Task Shifting Process
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Substitution Substitution is differ
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which was developed in 2002. This w
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al. 2008). Dual practice is another
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Figure 24 Motivational determinants
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Many of the incentives to health wo
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files suggests that more careful at
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Management autonomy at community le
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Initiative focus Details Context Re
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informal, mutual-help action groups
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Building relationships with cultura
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groups; encouraging recruitment thr
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Summary This section has identified
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encouraging midwives to proactively
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Facilitation & attendance at MOH/ N
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of community leaders improved the c
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Table 19 Examples of initiatives in
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information and advice from peers (
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esources to provide clinical and ma
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Strengthening Education and compete
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Table 20 Examples of Partnership ap
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Table 21 Learner needs analysis and
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Table 22 Some approaches to the des
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Participants/ Method / document typ
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strengthening and establishing accr
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Participants / context LMICs method
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alongside health service improvemen
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Country / cadre Niger: Birth attend
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Country / cadre Indonesia Surabaya
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Lessons learned from countries that
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Malaysia The sharp decline in mater
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although supplemented with epidemio
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A technical meeting in Bangkok in 2
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Development approach is an example
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flexibility in order to overcome ge
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up skilled birth attendance‖. The
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Scaling up of the Navrongo service
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conditions (Walt, Perera et al. 198
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Figure 37 Critical success factors
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Health system standards are explici
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prevalence rate, however in order t
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(Dieleman 2006) Selected key indica
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In order to determine the answers t
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Summary of findings This narrative
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Health worker performance is theref
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Discussion and Recommendations What
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outlines how the HRH information ba
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communities. A collaborative approa
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Table 29 Examples of HRH performanc
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Appendices Appendix 1. MDG5 Country
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World Health Statistics http://www.
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Appendix 3. Sources of all material
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Data source Keywords used in search
Page 191 and 192:
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Appendix 4: Barriers and Constraint
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Area Barriers & constraints in MNRH
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Area Barriers & constraints in MNRH
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Appendix 5 Literature that document
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P a g e | 206
Page 209 and 210:
IMNCI PMTCT Perinatal Period Postna
Page 211 and 212:
Ambegaokar, M., Lush, L. (2004). "F
Page 213 and 214:
Barrett, B., J. Ladinsky, et al. (2
Page 215 and 216:
University South Africa with the Re
Page 217 and 218:
Cruse, D. (1997). Community Health
Page 219 and 220:
Elson, D., Evers, B. (1998). Sector
Page 221 and 222:
Flanagan, D., Williams, C., Mahler,
Page 223 and 224:
Greenwood, A. M., Bradley, A.K., By
Page 225 and 226:
Howard, G., Bogh, C., Goldstein, G.
Page 227 and 228:
Jhpeigo (1998). Participatory techn
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Kroll, D., Dwyer, D. (1994). "Postn
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Manandhar, D. S., D. Osrin, et al.
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Morisky, D. E. (1985-86). "Evaluati
Page 235 and 236:
O‘Brien-Pallas, L., Irvine, D., P
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Pfeiffer, J. and J. Pfeiffer (2003)
Page 239 and 240:
Replogle, J. (2007). "Training Trad
Page 241 and 242:
Shankar, A., S. Sebayang, et al. (2
Page 243 and 244:
Teela, K. C., L. C. Mullany, et al.
Page 245 and 246:
van Damm, W., et. al (2008). "Scali
Page 247 and 248:
WHO (2008). Global Standards for In
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