Biology And Management Of White-tailed Deer In Alabama

are compatible with other objectives, such as timber or crop production.
Such improvements require an understanding of deer habitat management
and proper planning. Specific habitat management techniques
will be addressed later in this book (see HABITAT MANAGEMENT,
page 103).
FOOD – SEASONAL FORAGING HABITATS
SPRING
In Alabama, most deer begin the spring in marginal physical
condition. While harsh winters are not a factor in the Deep South, most
deer in Alabama have endured a period when abundant, high-quality
forage has been unavailable. During this time, bucks are still stressed
from the rigors of the breeding period. In the spring, bucks are beginning
antler growth and does are carrying fawns. Deer need an
abundance of high quality forage during this time. Good deer habitat
consists of areas where quality native forages are produced in sufficient
quantities.
Vast expanses of mature hardwood forests are devoid of quality
spring forages, as are closed canopy pine plantations. Thinned and
burned pine plantations, as well as open mature pine timber stands
and clearcut areas, provide good browse production. Areas maintained
in stages of early plant succession are critical habitat components during
this time. In areas with intensive agriculture, cultivated crops
provide good forage, often to the dismay of farmers. Certain management
practices, such as planting clovers and other spring legumes/
forages, can provide good nutrition when available in sufficient quantities.
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