Biology And Management Of White-tailed Deer In Alabama

genetic influence on antler
growth. Two of the
most recent studies involving
mineral
supplementation suggest
protein and energy, not
mineral abundance, have
the greatest effect on antler
development (Shultz
and Johnson 1992, Causey
1993). Calcium and
Deer readily use salt--especially in late
summer. Many deer manager’s incorporate
mineral supplements in established salt
licks.
phosphorous are two of
the most important minerals
in a deer’s diet and
are necessary for bone
and antler growth. These minerals also are important to milk production,
muscle contraction, blood clotting, efficient digestion, and general
metabolism.
The importance of vitamins and micronutrients in a deer’s diet
also is poorly understood. Bacteria in the deer’s rumen (stomach) are
able to produce sufficient daily amounts of vitamins K and B complex
(Brown 1997). Vitamin D is necessary to the process of calcium absorption
and metabolism in all animals. No vitamin D deficiencies have
been identified in Alabama whitetails to date, so it is assumed sufficient
vitamin D is obtained in the diet. Deer readily use sodium in salt
licks, but it is unknown if this use is related to taste or a deficiency in
the diet. Selenium, potassium, iodine, sulfur, cobalt, copper, and other
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