Biology And Management Of White-tailed Deer In Alabama

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Appendix 1: AVERAGE BODY WEIGHT, ANTLER SIZE, AND LACTATION RATES OF DEER IN THE DIFFERENT SOIL REGIONS OF ALABAMA Lower Coastal Plain Upper Coastal Plain Black Belt Prairies Major Flood Plains and Terraces 0.5 Year Old Bucks Avg. Weight 53 58 56 55 1.5 Year Old Bucks Avg. Weight 97 106 101 101 Avg. Points 2.7 3.1 2.7 2.9 Avg. Basal Circumference 1.9 2.1 2.0 2.1 Avg. Main Beam Length 5.3 6.7 5.2 6.3 Avg. Inside Spread 5.7 5.9 6.0 6.1 2.5 Year Old Bucks Avg. Weight 127 137 139 137 Avg. Points 5.7 6.2 6.3 6.4 Avg. Basal Circumference 2.9 3.2 3.3 3.3 Avg. Main Beam Length 12.4 13.9 14.0 14.0 Avg. Inside Spread 10.3 11.0 11.3 11.1 3.5+ Year Old Bucks Avg. Weight 150 158 162 159 Avg. Points 7.0 7.6 7.4 7.5 Avg. Basal Circumference 3.7 3.9 3.9 3.9 Avg. Main Beam Length 15.9 17.3 17.1 17.3 Avg. Inside Spread 12.9 13.5 13.8 13.7 0.5 Year Old Does Avg. Weight 53 56 54 54 1.5 Year Old Does Avg. Weight 84 89 88 86 % Lactating 18 17 16 15 2.5 Year Old Does Avg. Weight 93 100 99 98 % Lactating 55 56 54 54 3.5+ Year Old Does Avg. Weight 99 105 105 104 % Lactating 64 62 64 61 142
Appendix 1: AVERAGE BODY WEIGHT, ANTLER SIZE, AND LACTATION RATES OF DEER IN THE DIFFERENT SOIL REGIONS OF ALABAMA (continued) Piedmont Plateau Appalachian Plateau Limestone Valleys and Uplands 0.5 Year Old Bucks Avg. Weight 55 56 60 1.5 Year Old Bucks Avg. Weight 102 108 116 Avg. Points 3.1 3.2 3.8 Avg. Basal Circumference 2.1 2.2 2.4 Avg. Main Beam Length 6.7 7.5 8.1 Avg. Inside Spread 6.2 6.4 6.7 2.5 Year Old Bucks Avg. Weight 131 137 149 Avg. Points 6.2 6.2 6.6 Avg. Basal Circumference 3.1 3.1 3.5 Avg. Main Beam Length 13.5 14.0 14.7 Avg. Inside Spread 10.9 11.4 12.0 3.5+ Year Old Bucks Avg. Weight 155 162 167 Avg. Points 7.5 7.7 7.8 Avg. Basal Circumference 3.9 3.9 4.0 Avg. Main Beam Length 16.9 18.0 18.0 Avg. Inside Spread 13.6 14.1 14.7 0.5 Year Old Does Avg. Weight 52 52 55 1.5 Year Old Does Avg. Weight 85 88 91 % Lactating 14 15 16 2.5 Year Old Does Avg. Weight 94 98 103 % Lactating 52 58 56 3.5+ Year Old Does Avg. Weight 101 104 106 % Lactating 63 64 66 143
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Biology and Management of White-tai
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Table of Contents PREFACE .........
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JAWBONE EXTRACTION ................
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ACKNOWLEDGMENTS The authors gratefu
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PREFACE White-tailed deer (Odocoile
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TAXONOMY The white-tailed deer is o
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darker winter coat. Fawns are born
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Deer have many glands that are used
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tiates antler growth. The secretion
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DEER BEHAVIOR VOCALIZATION AND COMM
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Among bucks, two males of equal sta
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out the Southeast have reported dis
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check their scrapes regularly to de
Page 29 and 30:
The sex ratio of fawns at birth is
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(midges) are highest. To date there
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is extremely unlikely to fall prey
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and even fawn production—will be,
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and living body tissue. Many of the
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trace elements are important to a d
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are compatible with other objective
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tural crops may be used heavily as
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providing nutritious cool-season fo
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SPATIAL ARRANGEMENT OF HABITAT COMP
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Soil quality has a significant impa
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Determining CC for deer habitat can
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cycle of poor deer herd and habitat
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dam and her new fawns later in the
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POPULATION DENSITY The number of an
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determining exactly how many indivi
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searching for breeding opportunitie
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comes intense with improved buck ag
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the 1960s, deer were restocked in m
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sive quality deer management progra
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factors such as reproductive succes
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egulation of deer populations ensur
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The above graphs represent the hypo
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acceptable hunting satisfaction bec
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proportioned. Clearly, all the elem
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hunters to see numbers of deer whil
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In suboptimal habitats, body weight
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changes occur in herd structure and
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product of QDM and not a major goal
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offset the influences of dispersal
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Two controversial questions related
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It appears removing spike antlered
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guarantee the superior bucks hunter
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Perhaps the most common cause of di
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tivity of the property (Woods 1999b
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may justify a modification of the d
Page 101 and 102: ces and make management recommendat
Page 103 and 104: A method for removing jawbones that
Page 105 and 106: extractor towards the deer’s nose
Page 107 and 108: spread, basal circumference, and ma
Page 109 and 110: LACTATION Checking a doe for the pr
Page 111 and 112: deer seen into more specific classi
Page 113 and 114: and harvest recommendations for the
Page 115 and 116: of the year as a comparable type fo
Page 117 and 118: during the spring and summer, but t
Page 119 and 120: HERBICIDE TREATMENT Another techniq
Page 121 and 122: TIMBER HARVEST Periodic removal of
Page 123 and 124: foods in any area. Fertilizer incre
Page 125 and 126: WILDLIFE OPENINGS Of all the manage
Page 127 and 128: areas. Very few of the crops common
Page 129 and 130: samples. These boxes are usually av
Page 131 and 132: ag of fertilizer, while soil test r
Page 133 and 134: Applying the Seed Seed should be ap
Page 135 and 136: cult. Many of these new crops show
Page 137 and 138: acre), and wheat (one bushel per ac
Page 139 and 140: using small portions of the opening
Page 141 and 142: able weight loss at the conclusion
Page 143 and 144: trace minerals. Another considerati
Page 145 and 146: Number 8. P-R Project W-35, Alabama
Page 147 and 148: Tuscaloosa, Alabama. Volume 2, Page
Page 149 and 150: ings of the Role of Genetics in Whi
Page 151: APPENDICES 141
Page 155 and 156: Appendix 3: AGING DEER USING TOOTH
Page 157 and 158: Appendix 3: AGING DEER USING TOOTH
Page 159 and 160: Appendix 4: SELECTIVE ANTLERLESS DE
Page 161 and 162: Appendix 5: GUIDELINES FOR AGING LI
Page 163 and 164: Appendix 5: GUIDELINES FOR AGING LI
Page 165 and 166: Appendix 7: FIELD OBSERVATION FORM
Page 167 and 168: Appendix 9: COOL-SEASON PLANTING GU
Page 169 and 170: CRIMSON CLOVER Planting Date: Septe
Page 171 and 172: RAPE Planting Date: August 15 - Nov
Page 173 and 174: SUBTERRANEAN CLOVER Planting Date:
Page 175 and 176: Appendix 10: WARM-SEASON PLANTING G
Page 177 and 178: COWPEAS Planting Date: May 1 - July
Page 179 and 180: RAPE Planting Date: April 15 - June
Page 181 and 182: Appendix 11: CONTACT INFORMATION FO
Page 183 and 184: Appendix 12: SUGGESTED READING AND
Page 185: ABOUT THE AUTHORS Chris Cook receiv
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Biology And Management Of White-tailed Deer In Alabama

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