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18 SOCIETY OF VERTEBRATE PALEONTOLOGY, MEMOIR 3 X can nasolac I\ pneu fen suborb nas ap caud can 1 cm proc max 4," fac a i max - FIGURE 12. Plateosaurus engelhardti, facial skeleton. A, reconstruction of snout in left lateral view. B, same in ventral view. C, right nasal of AMNH 6810 in ventromedial view. D, stereophotographs and interpretive drawing of right maxilla, lacrimal, and palatine of AMNH 6810 in dorsal and somewhat medial view. The nasal recess shown in C caps the hiatus in D. A,B modified after Galton (1990). I i~ In can jUY neurovas int FIGURE 11. Iguanodon atherjieldensis, facial skeleton. A, Snout in left lateral view (modified from Noman,1986). B, left maxilla, jugal, lacrimal, and prefrontal of BMNH R5764 in medial view. Arrow shows the course of the nasolacrimal duct. tending into the premaxillae as well. These foramina and canals likely conveyed branches of the maxillary nerve and accompanying vessels. Their positions dorsal or dorsolateral to the putative muscular fossa on the palatine are consistent with the dorsal pterygoideus muscle being restricted to the floor of the antorbital cavity. Dinosauria-Among Omithodira, comparable data are abundant for dinosaurs, but less so for other taxa. Good material is available for the basal members of many of the major clades of Ornithischia (Sereno, 1986). The basal omithischian Leso- thesaurus diagnosticus (Weishampel and Witmer, 1990a; Sereno, 1991a) provides information on both the existence and position of a dorsal pterygoideus and the course of the maxillary neurovasculature. The dorsal surface of the palatine (BMNH R8501, RUB17) has a well developed excavation extending rostrally up to the lateral aspect of the choana (Fig. 7C, D). This excavation is here interpreted as a muscular fossa and is bounded rostrally .by a strong ridge that extends from the maxillary contact (where it borders the choana) rostrodorsomedially to the contact with the vomer. The palatine (BMNH RUB17) has an additional deep fossa rostral to this ridge and dorsomedial to the choana and directly opposite the internal antorbital fenestra that must be associated with either the nasal or antorbital cavity. The muscular fossa is restricted to the caudoventral portion of the antorbital cavity. The proximity of the ridge bordering the fossa to the medial edge of the lacrimoprefrontal wall (BMNH R8501) suggests that the postnasal fenestra was narrow in this area and would make rostral passage of a muscular slip unlikely. The course of the maxillary neurovas-
WZTMER-ANTORBITAL CAVITY OF ARCHOSAURS D margo fen can et sulc neurovas lac fos rnusc U- I fad art fen suborb jug FIGURE 12. (Continued)
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pal dex pal sinis pal Par par med s
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