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M4-NUWC Overview Fontaine.pdf

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Advanced Air-Independent Energy<br />

Solutions for Unmanned Undersea Vehicles<br />

Specific energy, Wh/kg<br />

1375 Wh/kg = TNT<br />

Challenges to meeting UUV<br />

power requirements include:<br />

• Air-independent operation<br />

• Refuelability<br />

• Multi-mission capability<br />

• Stealth<br />

• Safety<br />

• Environmentally benign<br />

• Endurance (high energy<br />

density)<br />

• Weight/volume constraints<br />

• Buoyancy<br />

• Start-up<br />

• low/no signature<br />

* David Linden Handbook of Batteries, 2nd ed, 1995<br />

Existing Commercial Sector and Conventional Energy<br />

Sources will NOT meet the Navy UUV Future Requirements

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