Paper Conservation: Decisions & Compromises

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Fig. 3: The consequence of 50 instances of handling for the paper (bound and unbound) with the lowest DP. objects by readers-volunteers. The objects were either bound books or folders containing loose sheets of paper, resembling archival folders. The aim was to subject each document to instances of handling and monitor the accumulation of physical degradation (tears, missing pieces) during use, which involved turning the pages resembling the process of reading. 25 different books and archival folders were used, with paper of different degree of polymerisation (DP), to investigate how accumulation of mechanical degradation depends on DP. Only paper with DP600, missing pieces with text accumulated at an insignificantly low rate and in many cases did not develop missing pieces even after 90 instances of handling. In order for this data to be of use, it needs to be used in the context of the average frequency of document use at the collecting institution, which forms an essential input into the collection model. Conclusions Collections can be seen as a dynamically changing entity, changes depending on external (environment, use), as well as internal impacts (material make-up). Although the rates might be different, the processes of change in collections and those taking place in living populations are similar, so the principles of modelling could also be similar. In the Collections Demography project, we are developing a general stock (population) model, in which a collection could be defined as a group of objects to which a given set of management criteria are applied. This enables the model to be used for examination and optimisation of different management scenarios (with respect to the environment or use), as suggested in recent environmental management guidance. References British Standards Institute , PAS 198: 2012 Specifications for Managing Environmental Conditions for Cultural Collections, London, BSI (2012) Dillon, C., Taylor, J., Lindsay, W., Strlic, M. 2012a. ‘Implicit and explicit time preferences in collections care and conservation’, Paper presented at the 10th International Conference Indoor Air Quality in Heritage and Historic Environments, London, 17–20 June 2012. Dillon, C., Lindsay, W., Taylor, J., Fouseki, K., Bell, N., Strlic, M. 2012b. ‘Collections Demography: Stakeholders’ View on the Lifetime of Collections’, Paper presented at the Climate for Collections: Standards and Uncertainties conference, Munich, 7-9 November 2012. Robb, J. 2012. ‘Quantitative Assessment of Stakeholder Attitudes to Geological Collections for Improved Collections Management’, MRes Thesis, UCL Centre for Sustainable heritage. Strlic, M., Thickett, D. Taylor, J., Cassar, M. in press. ‘Damage functions in heritage science’, Studies in Conservation. Tabachnik, B., Fidell, L.S. 2007 ‘Using Multivariate Statistics’, 5th edn, Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Lindsay, W. 2005. ‘Time perspectives: what ‘the future’ means to museum professionals in collections-care’, The Conservator, 29:51-61. ICOM-CC Graphic Documents Working Group Interim Meeting | Vienna 17 – 19 April 2013 40
Acknowledgements The authors are grateful to The National Archives (UK), English Heritage, the Library of Congress, the Capitol Visitor Centre and the Wellcome Library for hosting the questionnaire study and the fitness for purpose workshops. Collections Demography is a project funded by the AHRC/ESRC Science and Heritage Programme (2010-2013). Corresponding author Matija Strlic UCL Centre for Sustainable Heritage The Bartlett School of Graduate Studies 14 Upper Woburn Place London WC1H 0NN m.strlic@ucl.ac.uk Authors Catherine Dillon, Centre for Sustainable Heritage, The Bartlett School of Graduate Studies, University College London, UK Nancy Bell, The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK Peter Brimblecombe c , University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK Kalliopi Fouseki, Centre for Sustainable Heritage, The Bartlett School of Graduate Studies, University College London, UK Jinghao Xue, Department of Statistical Science, University College London, UK William Lindsay, The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK Eva Menart, Centre for Sustainable Heritage, The Bartlett School of Graduate Studies, University College London, UK Carlota Grossi, University of East Anglia, Norwich, UK Kostas Ntanos, The National Archives, Kew, Richmond, Surrey, UK Gerrit De Bruin, Nationaal Archief, The Hague, The Netherlands David Thickett, English Heritage, London, UK Fenella France, Library of Congress, Washington DC, USA Table 1: Factor structure of value statements from the VALUE questionnaire Factor Name Future Value Materials & Sensory Experience Public Value & Evidence Personal Meaning & Identity Understanding the Present Discovery & Engagement Content & Learning Connection to the Past Rarity Description Statements in this factor relate to the potential future value of documents, their significance to society and value to others, altruistic feelings about collections and the survival of documents. Statements relate to users’ sensory experience of documents (mainly visual) and refer to such things as style, design and materials. Statements in this factor were based on a set of statements found on the Public Service Quality Group’s biannual survey of UK archives [8]. They were found to cluster together in this factor. Statements refer to some of the core roles of government archives in supporting business, administration and the law. Statements in this factor relate to the way in which original documents may be used in archives and libraries to build understanding of family, community and personal identity, for example by gaining insights into one’s personal origins or feeling more connected to other people in the present day. Statements refer to the use of documents to help understand events in the present day and to link the past to the present. Statements in this factor refer to the way in which using or viewing original documents can elicit surprise, feed curiosity and stimulate the senses. Statements in this factor refer to the information content (i.e. text and images) of documents, what can be learnt from them and their role in enabling understanding of and insight into the past. Statements in this factor reflect an interest in what mattered to people in the past, how documents can help the user or viewer feel connected to people in the past, and how documents are part of history. A small factor with statements relating to the uniqueness of the document and whether it could be replaced if damaged. ICOM-CC Graphic Documents Working Group Interim Meeting | Vienna 17 – 19 April 2013 41
Page 1 and 2: Paper Conservation: Decisions & Com
Page 3 and 4: Content Lieve Watteeuw Introduction
Page 5: Michael Wheeler | Nicholas Barnard
Page 8 and 9: New Trends in Preservation in the D
Page 10 and 11: and monitoring against adverse envi
Page 12 and 13: Steve Hobaica, Patrick Loughney, Ma
Page 14 and 15: The Albums of Duke Charles de Croÿ
Page 16 and 17: Fig. 4: turning the supporting pape
Page 18 and 19: Fig. 2: Close-up of some of the los
Page 20 and 21: manuscript paper, the binding would
Page 22 and 23: Figure 2 partial sewing: the blue d
Page 24 and 25: Books in Exhibitions: History and A
Page 26 and 27: Fig. 4 Museum in London and the pre
Page 28 and 29: Risk and Safety of Illuminated Manu
Page 30 and 31: Fig. 2 Atlas, the Crown papers are
Page 32 and 33: Acknowledgments The authors would l
Page 34 and 35: Verdigris I: Compromises in Conserv
Page 36 and 37: Verdigris 2: Wet Chemical Treatment
Page 38 and 39: Integrated Modelling: The Demograph
Page 42 and 43: Characterisation of Historical Pape
Page 44 and 45: pling is required, tide-lines are c
Page 46 and 47: Study of Phytate Chelating Treatmen
Page 48 and 49: Evaluation of stochiometric effects
Page 50 and 51: Practice and Progress in the Conser
Page 52 and 53: Fig. 1 Fig. 2 plex picture and prov
Page 54 and 55: Fig. 2: Coloured paper strips place
Page 56 and 57: the fire (on the other hand paper,
Page 58 and 59: inform decisions on conservation tr
Page 60 and 61: This paper summarizes what is known
Page 62 and 63: 2. Methods An interdisciplinary met
Page 64 and 65: Fig. 4: Dyed endpaper pasted at the
Page 66 and 67: Preservation of Architectural Drawi
Page 68 and 69: Notes 1 According Salvador Muñoz V
Page 70 and 71: course of time under the influence
Page 72 and 73: the curators in review of the treat
Page 74 and 75: cellulose powders with cellulose et
Page 76 and 77: Authors Xing Kung Liao Conservator
Page 78 and 79: Fig. 2: Our Railroad Workers and th
Page 80 and 81: The Restoration of Cartoons at the
Page 82 and 83: tation presumes that the works are
Page 84 and 85: To Remove or Retain? - Extensive In
Page 86 and 87: Fig. 4 repeated applications until
Page 88 and 89: The Migration of Hydroxy Propyl Cel
Page 90:
tion issue allowed a visualisation
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Ethical Considerations Concerning t
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emoved with damp cotton swab. Then
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Conservation of a Book of Hours fro
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Fig. 4: Pigments movement and conse
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Notes 1 Brazilwood lake, lapis lazu
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pages, which would easily have torn
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The Microflora Inhabiting Leonardo
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Acknowledgments The authors would l
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Microorganisms in Books - First Res
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hyaline white mycelia on and in the
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Deconstructing the Reconstruction E
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Fig. 3: Poster after 2012 conservat
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Conservators’ Investigation of Ch
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had been used, may be false-positiv
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function will provide a holistic pi
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Fig. 2: Patriarchs of Chan Buddhism
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ing techniques, which build upon fu
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Applications of Image Processing So
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Fig. 3 Fig. 4 images in a single wi
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Analysing Deterioration Artifacts i
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Fig. 3 similarity maps. Similarity
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Strategy in the Case of a Wrecked P
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without preliminary consolidation.
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Fiber Optic Reflectance Spectroscop
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Fig. 3: 18 th century paper seal, i
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Fig. 3 Fig. 4 of responsibilities r
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Characterising the Origin of Carbon
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Fig. 3: Sampling depth for ATR spec
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Fig. 2: Filmoplast® tape attached
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Pluchart, F. 1971. Pop Art Et Cie.
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Fig. 3: The reverse of left screen
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porting the reverse of severe creas
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