Nuclear Production of Hydrogen, Fourth Information Exchange ...
Nuclear Production of Hydrogen, Fourth Information Exchange ... Nuclear Production of Hydrogen, Fourth Information Exchange ...
USE OF PSA FOR DESIGN OF EMERGENCY MITIGATION SYSTEMS IN A HYDROGEN PRODUCTION PLANT In the particular case of Section II of the SI process of General Atomics, an adequate system of isolation, a system for neutralisation and a second electrical power back-up will maintain the frequency of toxic cloud formation, resulting from leakage of sulphuric acid, below 1E-09 per year, which is only 16% of the frequency calculated for a system whose design is based only on process engineering. It should be noted that in areas where there is not a reliable supply of electricity, the reliability of back-up electrical generators is one of the elements that have more influence on the overall safety of a mitigation system. Acknowledgements Special thanks to the National Council for Science and Technology (Conacyt), as well as to Ms. Jenny Medina and Alejandro and Fernando Mendoza for their valuable contribution to this work. References AICHE/CCPS (1989), Guidelines for Process Equipment Reliability Data. Associated Press (2008), “The New York Times”, Page A39, 12 October, New York, USA. Bari, R.A., et al. (1985), Probabilistic Safety Analysis Procedures Guide, NUREG/CR-2815 [BNL-NUREG-51559], Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, August. Brown, L.C., et al. (2003), Alternative Flowsheet for the Sulfur Iodine Thermochemical Hydrogen Cycle, Report GAA24266, General Atomics, USA. Fullwood, Ralph R. (2000), Probabilistic Safety Assessment in the Chemical and Nuclear Industries, Butterworth Heinemann, New York, USA. Greenberg, Harris R., Joseph J. Cramer (1991), Risk Assessment and Risk Management for the Chemical Process Industry, Van Nostrand Reinhold, New York, USA. Kasahara, Seiji, et al. (2007), “Flowsheet Study of the Thermochemical Water-splitting Iodine-Sulfur Process for Effective Hydrogen Production”, International Journal of Hydrogen Energy, 32, pp. 489-496. McAdams, R.L. (2006), Material Safety Data Sheets, Report ACC #37575, USA. Mendoza, Alexander (2009), Aspectos Técnicos, Económicos y Ambientales de la Producción de Hidrógeno por Método SI con un Reactor Nuclear de Alta Temperatura, Master’s Thesis in progress, UNAM, Mexico. Norman, John H., Thomas S. Roener, et al. (1978), Process for Hydrogen Production from Water, US Patent 4,127,644, General Atomics, USA. Smith, C.L. (2005), Systems Analysis Programs for Hands-on Integrated Reliability Evaluations (SAPHIRE) v. 6.77, Idaho National Laboratory, Idaho Falls, ID. 406 NUCLEAR PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN – © OECD/NEA 2010
HEAT PUMP CYCLE BY HYDROGEN-ABSORBING ALLOYS TO ASSIST HTGR IN PRODUCING HYDROGEN Heat pump cycle by hydrogen-absorbing alloys to assist high-temperature gas-cooled reactor in producing hydrogen Satoshi Fukada, Nobutaka Hayashi Department of Advanced Energy Engineering Science Kyushu University Japan Abstract A chemical heat pump system using two hydrogen-absorbing alloys is proposed to utilise heat exhausted from a high-temperature source such as a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR), more efficiently. The heat pump system is designed to produce H 2 based on the S-I cycle more efficiently. The overall system proposed here consists of HTGR, He gas turbines, chemical heat pumps and reaction vessels corresponding to the three-step decomposition reactions comprised in the S-I process. A fundamental research is experimentally performed on heat generation in a single bed packed with a hydrogen-absorbing alloy that may work at the H 2 production temperature. The hydrogen-absorbing alloy of Zr(V 1-X Fe X ) 2 is selected as a material that has a proper plateau pressure for the heat pump system operated between the input and output temperatures of HTGR and reaction vessels of the S-I cycle. Temperature jump due to heat generated when the alloy absorbs H 2 proves that the alloy–H 2 system can heat up the exhaust gas even at 600°C without any external mechanical force. NUCLEAR PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN – © OECD/NEA 2010 407
- Page 357 and 358: NUCLEAR SAFETY AND REGULATORY CONSI
- Page 359 and 360: NUCLEAR SAFETY AND REGULATORY CONSI
- Page 361 and 362: NUCLEAR SAFETY AND REGULATORY CONSI
- Page 363: NUCLEAR SAFETY AND REGULATORY CONSI
- Page 366 and 367: TRANSIENT MODELLING OF S-I CYCLE TH
- Page 368 and 369: TRANSIENT MODELLING OF S-I CYCLE TH
- Page 370 and 371: TRANSIENT MODELLING OF S-I CYCLE TH
- Page 372 and 373: TRANSIENT MODELLING OF S-I CYCLE TH
- Page 374 and 375: TRANSIENT MODELLING OF S-I CYCLE TH
- Page 376 and 377: TRANSIENT MODELLING OF S-I CYCLE TH
- Page 378 and 379: TRANSIENT MODELLING OF S-I CYCLE TH
- Page 380 and 381: PROPOSED CHEMICAL PLANT INITIATED A
- Page 382 and 383: PROPOSED CHEMICAL PLANT INITIATED A
- Page 384 and 385: PROPOSED CHEMICAL PLANT INITIATED A
- Page 386 and 387: PROPOSED CHEMICAL PLANT INITIATED A
- Page 388 and 389: PROPOSED CHEMICAL PLANT INITIATED A
- Page 390 and 391: CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF THE HTTR-IS NU
- Page 392 and 393: CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF THE HTTR-IS NU
- Page 394 and 395: CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF THE HTTR-IS NU
- Page 396 and 397: CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF THE HTTR-IS NU
- Page 399 and 400: USE OF PSA FOR DESIGN OF EMERGENCY
- Page 401 and 402: USE OF PSA FOR DESIGN OF EMERGENCY
- Page 403 and 404: USE OF PSA FOR DESIGN OF EMERGENCY
- Page 405 and 406: USE OF PSA FOR DESIGN OF EMERGENCY
- Page 407: USE OF PSA FOR DESIGN OF EMERGENCY
- Page 411 and 412: HEAT PUMP CYCLE BY HYDROGEN-ABSORBI
- Page 413 and 414: HEAT PUMP CYCLE BY HYDROGEN-ABSORBI
- Page 415 and 416: HEAT PUMP CYCLE BY HYDROGEN-ABSORBI
- Page 417: HEAT PUMP CYCLE BY HYDROGEN-ABSORBI
- Page 420 and 421: HEAT EXCHANGER TEMPERATURE RESPONSE
- Page 422 and 423: HEAT EXCHANGER TEMPERATURE RESPONSE
- Page 424 and 425: HEAT EXCHANGER TEMPERATURE RESPONSE
- Page 426 and 427: HEAT EXCHANGER TEMPERATURE RESPONSE
- Page 428 and 429: HEAT EXCHANGER TEMPERATURE RESPONSE
- Page 430 and 431: HEAT EXCHANGER TEMPERATURE RESPONSE
- Page 432 and 433: HEAT EXCHANGER TEMPERATURE RESPONSE
- Page 435 and 436: ALTERNATE VHTR/HTE INTERFACE FOR MI
- Page 437 and 438: ALTERNATE VHTR/HTE INTERFACE FOR MI
- Page 439 and 440: ALTERNATE VHTR/HTE INTERFACE FOR MI
- Page 441 and 442: ALTERNATE VHTR/HTE INTERFACE FOR MI
- Page 443 and 444: ALTERNATE VHTR/HTE INTERFACE FOR MI
- Page 445 and 446: ALTERNATE VHTR/HTE INTERFACE FOR MI
- Page 447: POSTER SESSION CONTRIBUTIONS Poster
- Page 450 and 451: ACTIVITIES OF NUCLEAR RESEARCH INST
- Page 452 and 453: ACTIVITIES OF NUCLEAR RESEARCH INST
- Page 455 and 456: A URANIUM THERMOCHEMICAL CYCLE FOR
- Page 457 and 458: A URANIUM THERMOCHEMICAL CYCLE FOR
HEAT PUMP CYCLE BY HYDROGEN-ABSORBING ALLOYS TO ASSIST HTGR IN PRODUCING HYDROGEN<br />
Heat pump cycle by hydrogen-absorbing alloys to assist<br />
high-temperature gas-cooled reactor in producing hydrogen<br />
Satoshi Fukada, Nobutaka Hayashi<br />
Department <strong>of</strong> Advanced Energy Engineering Science<br />
Kyushu University<br />
Japan<br />
Abstract<br />
A chemical heat pump system using two hydrogen-absorbing alloys is proposed to utilise heat<br />
exhausted from a high-temperature source such as a high-temperature gas-cooled reactor (HTGR), more<br />
efficiently. The heat pump system is designed to produce H 2 based on the S-I cycle more efficiently.<br />
The overall system proposed here consists <strong>of</strong> HTGR, He gas turbines, chemical heat pumps and<br />
reaction vessels corresponding to the three-step decomposition reactions comprised in the S-I process.<br />
A fundamental research is experimentally performed on heat generation in a single bed packed with a<br />
hydrogen-absorbing alloy that may work at the H 2 production temperature. The hydrogen-absorbing<br />
alloy <strong>of</strong> Zr(V 1-X Fe X ) 2 is selected as a material that has a proper plateau pressure for the heat pump<br />
system operated between the input and output temperatures <strong>of</strong> HTGR and reaction vessels <strong>of</strong> the S-I<br />
cycle. Temperature jump due to heat generated when the alloy absorbs H 2 proves that the alloy–H 2<br />
system can heat up the exhaust gas even at 600°C without any external mechanical force.<br />
NUCLEAR PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN – © OECD/NEA 2010 407
Change language