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STUDY OF THE HYDROLYSIS REACTION OF THE COPPER-CHLORIDE HYBRID THERMOCHEMICAL CYCLE USING OPTICAL SPECTROMETRIES Experimental results Proof of chlorine formation The experiment is run first at 118°C to remove water from the initial hydrated CuCl 2 , 2H 2 O commercial product. After around one hour, water vapour is generated at a temperature close to 390°C The formation of HCl is monitored by conductimetry. No chlorine is observed. At a time T, a temperature jump is made to reach 530°C, the formation of molecular chlorine is then identified by its spectral absorbance. The amount of chlorine increases and then decreases when 530°C is reached. Figure 3: Chronogram of the experiment: temperature, conductimetry and chlorine absorbance versus reaction time 540 35000 490 440 Temperature Conductivity Chlorine concentration 30000 25000 Temperature °C 390 340 Temperature rise 20000 15000 290 10000 240 HCl generation Chlorine generation 5000 arbitrary units 190 14:24 14:38 14:52 15:07 15:21 15:36 15:50 16:04 Time 0 Figure 4: Absorption spectra of molecular chlorine versus temperature between 390 and 530°C optical density 0.80 0.75 0.70 0.65 0.60 0.55 0.50 0.45 0.40 0.35 0.30 0.25 0.20 0.15 0.10 0.05 0.00 300 320 340 360 380 400 Wavelength (nm) Hydrolysis reaction at 390°C The hydrolysis reaction is then realised at 390°C in order to avoid chlorine formation. The solid product which is formed is analysed using DRX. Melanothallite Cu 2 OCl 2 appears to be the major product of the reaction (Figure 5). 246 NUCLEAR PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN – © OECD/NEA 2010
STUDY OF THE HYDROLYSIS REACTION OF THE COPPER-CHLORIDE HYBRID THERMOCHEMICAL CYCLE USING OPTICAL SPECTROMETRIES Figure 5: DRX spectrum of the final product of the hydrolysis reaction 2500 2000 Intensité (ua) 1500 1000 500 0 10 15 20 25 30 35 40 45 50 55 60 Angle (2teta) Reactions 2 and 3 conducted simultaneously The hydrolysis Reaction 2 is then realised at 390°C without chlorine formation. The temperature is then raised to 530°C to realise Reaction 3, the dissociation of the melanothallite. During this step, a transient species is observed around 330 nm which disappears at 530°C. The gases formed are collected in three containers and analysed by mass spectrometry. Oxygen formation is measured. DRX spectrum realised on the final product indicates the presence of CuCl and CuO. Figure 6: DRX spectrum of the final product of Reaction 3 6000 5000 4000 Intensité (ua) 3000 2000 1000 0 0 500 1000 1500 2000 2500 3000 3500 Angle (2teta) NUCLEAR PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN – © OECD/NEA 2010 247
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Nuclear Science 2010 Nuclear Produc
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ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERAT
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of contents
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Y. Gong, E. Chalk
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Executive summary
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY steam turbine, in
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY sulphur depositio
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY affords saving 35
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY safety assessment
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The question was
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CHANGING THE WORLD WITH HYDROGEN AN
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NUCLEAR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION PROGRAM
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NUCLEAR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION PROGRAM
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FRENCH RESEARCH STRATEGY TO USE NUC
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PRESENT STATUS OF HTGR AND HYDROGEN
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STATUS OF THE KOREAN NUCLEAR HYDROG
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THE CONCEPT OF NUCLEAR HYDROGEN PRO
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CANADIAN NUCLEAR HYDROGEN R&D PROGR
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APPLICATION OF NUCLEAR-PRODUCED HYD
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STATUS OF THE INL HIGH-TEMPERATURE
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HIGH-TEMPERATURE STEAM ELECTROLYSIS
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MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT FOR SOEC Mate
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A METALLIC SEAL FOR HIGH-TEMPERATUR
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DEGRADATION MECHANISMS IN SOLID OXI
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CAUSES OF DEGRADATION IN A SOLID OX
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70 μm CAUSES OF DEGRADATION IN A S
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NUCLEAR HYDROGEN USING HIGH TEMPERA
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SESSION III: THERMOCHEMICAL SULPHUR
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CEA ASSESSMENT OF THE SULPHUR-IODIN
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STATUS OF THE INERI SULPHUR-IODINE
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INFLUENCE OF HTR CORE INLET AND OUT
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EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE VAPOUR-LI
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EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE VAPOUR-LI
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Page 216 and 217: INTEGRATED LABORATORY SCALE DEMONST
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Page 229 and 230: RECENT CANADIAN ADVANCES IN THE THE
Page 237 and 238: AN OVERVIEW OF R&D ACTIVITIES FOR T
Page 245 and 246: STUDY OF THE HYDROLYSIS REACTION OF
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Page 253 and 254: DEVELOPMENT OF CuCl-HCl ELECTROLYSI
Page 259: DEVELOPMENT OF CuCl-HCl ELECTROLYSI
Page 262 and 263: EXERGY ANALYSIS OF THE Cu-Cl CYCLE
Page 271 and 272: CaBr 2 HYDROLYSIS FOR HBr PRODUCTIO
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Page 284 and 285: DEVELOPMENT OF THE HYDROGEN ECONOMI
Page 291 and 292: NUCLEAR H 2 PRODUCTION - A UTILITY
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NUCLEAR H 2 PRODUCTION - A UTILITY
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ALKALINE AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE ELECT
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THE PRODUCT OF HYDROGEN BY NUCLEAR
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SUSTAINABLE ELECTRICITY SUPPLY IN T
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PROHYTEC, THE FRENCH INDUSTRIAL PLA
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NHI ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CANDIDATE
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MARKET VIABILITY OF NUCLEAR HYDROGE
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POSSIBILITY OF ACTIVE CARBON RECYCL
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NUCLEAR SAFETY AND REGULATORY CONSI
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TRANSIENT MODELLING OF S-I CYCLE TH
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PROPOSED CHEMICAL PLANT INITIATED A
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CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF THE HTTR-IS NU
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USE OF PSA FOR DESIGN OF EMERGENCY
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HEAT PUMP CYCLE BY HYDROGEN-ABSORBI
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HEAT EXCHANGER TEMPERATURE RESPONSE
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ALTERNATE VHTR/HTE INTERFACE FOR MI
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POSTER SESSION CONTRIBUTIONS Poster
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ACTIVITIES OF NUCLEAR RESEARCH INST
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ACTIVITIES OF NUCLEAR RESEARCH INST
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A URANIUM THERMOCHEMICAL CYCLE FOR
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A URANIUM THERMOCHEMICAL CYCLE FOR
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MEETING ORGANISATION Annex 1: Meeti
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LIST OF PARTICIPANTS REYTIER, Magal
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LIST OF PARTICIPANTS BROWN, Nichola
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LIST OF PARTICIPANTS SINK, Carl US
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