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AN OVERVIEW OF R&D ACTIVITIES FOR THE Cu-Cl CYCLE WITH EMPHASIS ON THE HYDROLYSIS REACTION Table 2: Results of H2A cost analysis for hydrogen production costs using the Cu-Cl cycle Case Capital investment, $MM, solar/chemical Cell EMF, V Electrical cost, $/kw $/kg of H2 Sensitivity range, $/kg Efficiency, % (LHV) Solar 2015 208.3/138.0 0.70 0.068 4.53 3.78-5.31 39 Solar 2025 168.5/110.6 0.63 0.048 3.48 2.91-4.11 41 H2A analysis was used to predict hydrogen production costs as shown in Table 2. These results are based on the use of solar power tower as the heat source and also include assumptions that have yet to be validated. Work is ongoing in these areas. Nevertheless, the preliminary hydrogen production costs as well as the preliminary efficiency numbers indicate that the Cu-Cl cycle has promise and that further R&D is justifiable. Summary The Cu-Cl cycle represents a promising technology for producing hydrogen efficiently and cost effectively. Work has focused on the most challenging aspects of the cycle, i.e. the hydrolysis and the electrolysis reactions. The hydrolysis reaction is challenging because of the need for the large excess of water/steam needed to achieve complete conversion of the CuCl 2 to Cu 2 OCl 2 . The present work describes a possible method to achieve the high yields required using a spray reactor design, which optimises heat and mass transfer and was very effective in the laboratory tests. Engineering solutions have been conceptualised to reduce the steam to copper chloride molar ratio (S/Cu) from 17 to
STUDY OF THE HYDROLYSIS REACTION OF THE COPPER-CHLORIDE HYBRID THERMOCHEMICAL CYCLE USING OPTICAL SPECTROMETRIES Study of the hydrolysis reaction of the copper-chloride hybrid thermochemical cycle using optical spectrometries Denis Doizi, Jean-Marc Borgard, Vincent Dauvois, Jean-Luc Roujou, Yoann Zanella, Laurence Croize, Philippe Carles CEA, DEN, Department of Physical Chemistry Gif-sur-Yvette, France Jean-Michel Hartmann LISA, CNRS UMR 7583 Créteil, France Abstract The copper-chloride hybrid thermochemical cycle is one of the best potential low temperature thermochemical cycles for the massive production of hydrogen. It could be used with nuclear reactors such as the sodium fast reactor or the supercritical water reactor. Nevertheless, this thermochemical cycle is composed of an electrochemical reaction and two thermal reactions. Its efficiency has to be compared with other hydrogen production processes like alkaline electrolysis for example. The purpose of this article is to study the viability of the copper chloride thermochemical cycle by studying the hydrolysis reaction of CuCl 2 which is not favoured thermodynamically. To better understand the occurrence of possible side reactions, together with a good control of the kinetics of the hydrolysis reaction, the use of optical absorption spectrometries, UV visible spectrometry to detect molecular chlorine which may be formed in side reactions, FTIR spectrometry to follow the concentrations of H 2 O and HCl is proposed. NUCLEAR PRODUCTION OF HYDROGEN – © OECD/NEA 2010 243
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Nuclear Science 2010 Nuclear Produc
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ORGANISATION FOR ECONOMIC CO-OPERAT
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Table of contents
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Y. Gong, E. Chalk
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY Executive summary
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY steam turbine, in
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY sulphur depositio
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY affords saving 35
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY safety assessment
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EXECUTIVE SUMMARY The question was
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CHANGING THE WORLD WITH HYDROGEN AN
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NUCLEAR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION PROGRAM
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NUCLEAR HYDROGEN PRODUCTION PROGRAM
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FRENCH RESEARCH STRATEGY TO USE NUC
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PRESENT STATUS OF HTGR AND HYDROGEN
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STATUS OF THE KOREAN NUCLEAR HYDROG
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THE CONCEPT OF NUCLEAR HYDROGEN PRO
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CANADIAN NUCLEAR HYDROGEN R&D PROGR
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APPLICATION OF NUCLEAR-PRODUCED HYD
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STATUS OF THE INL HIGH-TEMPERATURE
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HIGH-TEMPERATURE STEAM ELECTROLYSIS
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MATERIALS DEVELOPMENT FOR SOEC Mate
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A METALLIC SEAL FOR HIGH-TEMPERATUR
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DEGRADATION MECHANISMS IN SOLID OXI
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CAUSES OF DEGRADATION IN A SOLID OX
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70 μm CAUSES OF DEGRADATION IN A S
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NUCLEAR HYDROGEN USING HIGH TEMPERA
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SESSION III: THERMOCHEMICAL SULPHUR
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CEA ASSESSMENT OF THE SULPHUR-IODIN
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STATUS OF THE INERI SULPHUR-IODINE
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INFLUENCE OF HTR CORE INLET AND OUT
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Page 194 and 195: EXPERIMENTAL STUDY OF THE VAPOUR-LI
Page 203: DEVELOPMENT OF HI DECOMPOSITION PRO
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Page 216 and 217: INTEGRATED LABORATORY SCALE DEMONST
Page 225: DEVELOPMENT STATUS OF THE HYBRID SU
Page 229 and 230: RECENT CANADIAN ADVANCES IN THE THE
Page 237 and 238: AN OVERVIEW OF R&D ACTIVITIES FOR T
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Page 247 and 248: STUDY OF THE HYDROLYSIS REACTION OF
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Page 259: DEVELOPMENT OF CuCl-HCl ELECTROLYSI
Page 262 and 263: EXERGY ANALYSIS OF THE Cu-Cl CYCLE
Page 271 and 272: CaBr 2 HYDROLYSIS FOR HBr PRODUCTIO
Page 281: SESSION V: ECONOMICS AND MARKET ANA
Page 284 and 285: DEVELOPMENT OF THE HYDROGEN ECONOMI
Page 291 and 292: NUCLEAR H 2 PRODUCTION - A UTILITY
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NUCLEAR H 2 PRODUCTION - A UTILITY
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ALKALINE AND HIGH-TEMPERATURE ELECT
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THE PRODUCT OF HYDROGEN BY NUCLEAR
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SUSTAINABLE ELECTRICITY SUPPLY IN T
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PROHYTEC, THE FRENCH INDUSTRIAL PLA
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NHI ECONOMIC ANALYSIS OF CANDIDATE
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MARKET VIABILITY OF NUCLEAR HYDROGE
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POSSIBILITY OF ACTIVE CARBON RECYCL
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NUCLEAR SAFETY AND REGULATORY CONSI
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TRANSIENT MODELLING OF S-I CYCLE TH
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PROPOSED CHEMICAL PLANT INITIATED A
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CONCEPTUAL DESIGN OF THE HTTR-IS NU
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USE OF PSA FOR DESIGN OF EMERGENCY
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HEAT PUMP CYCLE BY HYDROGEN-ABSORBI
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HEAT EXCHANGER TEMPERATURE RESPONSE
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ALTERNATE VHTR/HTE INTERFACE FOR MI
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POSTER SESSION CONTRIBUTIONS Poster
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ACTIVITIES OF NUCLEAR RESEARCH INST
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ACTIVITIES OF NUCLEAR RESEARCH INST
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A URANIUM THERMOCHEMICAL CYCLE FOR
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A URANIUM THERMOCHEMICAL CYCLE FOR
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MEETING ORGANISATION Annex 1: Meeti
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LIST OF PARTICIPANTS REYTIER, Magal
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LIST OF PARTICIPANTS BROWN, Nichola
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LIST OF PARTICIPANTS SINK, Carl US
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