MOM 2006 journal for pdf.pmd - University of Michigan-Flint

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Studies. “Beyond the Alps” was the poem that signified Lowell cutting off official ties with the Catholic Church. Lowell lowered the decibel of his eschatological voice in his next book, Life Studies. Lowell, in his early years, was raised as an Episcopalian Protestant although in Ross Labrie’s article “Reassessing Robert Lowell’s Catholic Poetry,” Labrie states that Lowell’s family was largely agnostic. He later converted to Roman Catholicism due to his mentor Allen Tate’s influence and clung to it fiercely. Labrie further mentions, “More of an Augustinian than a Thomist, unlike his Catholic friend and mentor, Allen Tate, Lowell was unvarying in perceiving the world as a dark and unredeemable place” (Labrie 118). Even with this heavy Catholic influence, he was still influenced by very Puritan ideas. Selim Sarwar further states that “Lowell’s early poetry, manipulating the imagery of violence generated by the on-going war, presented a strident indictment of what he himself called the ‘New World eschatologies’ – the Puritan messianism and its current manifestations” (Sarwar 114). Labrie expands by saying Lowell incorporated into his poetry a hybrid theology. The Lowellian theology included fusions of Roman Catholic, Puritan, and Calvinist ideologies. “The Quaker Graveyard in Nantucket” is one of the central poems in Lord Weary’s Castle that evokes the idea of Lowell as an eschatological prophet. It is set in Madaket, an island of Nantucket. This poem is first and foremost an elegy for Lowell’s cousin, Warren Winslow, who died at sea. He was a soldier in World War II. In truth, it was uncovered that Winslow had died in a ship docked in New York Harbor. The death was an accident but for Lowell, it was perhaps an opportunity to talk about the repercussions of war. An objective of the poem is to give his proper farewells to Warren Winslow, but Winslow also becomes representative of the deaths due to WWII. He then interweaves this with other dramatic images from Herman Melville’s Moby Dick, Christianity, Greco-Roman gods, as well as shipping activities in New England. Lowell’s poem starts off with a striking image: “The corpse was bloodless, a botch of reds and whites, / Its open, staring eyes / Were lusterless dead-lights” (lines 8-10). It sets up the dark atmosphere of the poem and it strengthens Axelrod’s theory that although Lowell was a pacifist, he delved in more aggressive and violent images in his poetry to convey his sentiments about the war. Axelrod claims in his essay, “Robert Lowell and the Cold War,” that Lowell was a complicated poet. He declares, “Lowell’s ‘pacifism’ was never an abstract good in itself but always constructed in relation to political issues and events unfolding at the time. A further complicating factor is that his ‘pacifism’ was doubled, in both his life and his texts, by a fascination with aggression and violence” (Axelrod 340). The violent images certainly lend themselves fully to the apocalyptic aesthetic Lowell utilizes. The poem takes a turn putting the focus on Captain Ahab and his obsession with the white whale in Moby Dick. The allusions to Moby Dick in this poem are likened with Captain Ahab’s obsession to spear the whale with America’s fanatical idealism. Statewide paranoia is a theme that is also explored. As Captain Ahab is obsessed with catching the “pure” white whale, so is the America engulfed in paranoia about the outside world. Meeting of Minds 2006 104
Lowell’s energetic diction connects his cousin’s death with Ahab’s obsession. The poem states: Seaward. The winds’ wings beat upon the stones, Cousin, and scream for you and the claws rush At the sea’s throat and wring it in the slush Of this old Quaker graveyard where the bones Cry out in the long night for the hurt beast Bobbing by Ahab’s whaleboats in the East. (39-44) The hurt beast is the white whale, America’s obsession. The bones of the dead in the graveyard are vocally denouncing this voyage of extermination. Even nature is responding to the oncoming slaughter. Part III switches back and forth from Ahab’s bobbing whaleboats to warships. The shipwrecked Quaker pass implied 1940’s present landscape. The white whale reappears and essentially represents Jesus with “ … had fabled news / Of IS, the whited monster … “ (61-62). IS is Iesus Salvatore which means Jesus the Savior. Even though doom is the only end result for the battling Quakers, they are still convinced that they are right. I see the Quakers drown and hear their cry: “If God himself had not been on our side, If God himself had not been on our side, When the Atlantic rose against us, why, Then it had swallowed us up quick.” (64-68) They believe that God would not have asked the Atlantic to swallow them up as quick if they were not right in their actions. This perhaps parallels Lowell’s view of a nation’s stubbornness and irrationality when it should accept that its actions were wrong. This is an apocalypse unto itself with the Atlantic rising up and the sea swallowing the bodies. It. is interesting to note that as the Quakers end their journey through this way, it is also the “end of the whale road” and the end of the whale. This paves the way for Lowell to transcend beyond the ordinary human self and speak as a prophet. The quality of Lowell’s language marks this change. As Albert Gelpi states in his essay “The Reign of the Kingfisher:” “The Lowell of Land of Unlikeness and Lord Weary’s Castle did indeed take the prophetic as ‘the highest conception of the poet’s task’” (Gelpi 54). The prophet voice strengthens after the whale’s death: The bones cry for the blood of the white whale, The fat flukes arch and whack about its ears, The death-lance churns into the sanctuary, tears (95-97) This invokes the images of the Land of Jehoshaphat and the land of last judgments. The dead are there to be judged for their sins. They cry out and are in tears. This section closes as the ship’s world comes to an end signaling damnation. Meeting of Minds 2006 105
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Meeting of Minds XIV Journal of Und
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ABOUT THE MEETING OF MINDS: JOURNAL
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TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface Contribut
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DIFFERENCES IN TEACHING: INNER-CITY
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1995. The teacher believed they are
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In studies of age related declines
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slightly smaller than the incongrue
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Since the requirements of surviving
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Table 2 Observed behaviors of Imara
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Figure 2 Relative frequencies of de
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References Alexander, R. D. “The
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She goes for it. She proves to the
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Hypotheses The current study examin
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Previous fMRI research suggests tha
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[LDL’s] carry cholesterol from th
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for amounts in excess of 0.5 grams.
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Dewey, David L. “Hydrogenated Oil
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These are the tranquillized Fifties
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The reader is thrust out of the mem
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WHEN THE SAINTS GO MARCHING OUT: CO
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What follows is a description of tw
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The ceiling of the church is adorne
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Against the back wall of the church
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Bibliography Bowen, John R. Religio
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(Gough, 1957). Because individuals
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References Bochner, A., di Salvo V.
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It is difficult for many critics, a
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It seems clear that Bishop is not a
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“SHE WAS ONLY A SLIP OF A THING B
Page 59 and 60: women are strong enough to care for
Page 61 and 62: had the luxury of doing business
Page 63 and 64: Chinese students regularly had as m
Page 65 and 66: The age of the participants ranged
Page 67 and 68: Table 3 illustrates the results of
Page 69 and 70: If I was to further this study, I w
Page 71 and 72: idomain conductivities (σ iL , σ
Page 73 and 74: Meeting of Minds 2006 67
Page 75 and 76: THEORETICAL INVESTIGATIONS ON ADSOR
Page 77 and 78: 1T 3T 5T Figure 1: The cluster mode
Page 79 and 80: The N-O bond lengths also show a si
Page 81 and 82: The relative energies of the NO ads
Page 83 and 84: INVESTIGATION OF SUBSTITUTED CYCLOO
Page 85 and 86: were 9 possibilities from the X and
Page 87 and 88: 28 O O RSS NA 8.6 28 O O SSS NA 8.6
Page 89 and 90: As seen from the distance data abov
Page 91 and 92: continually touches her and plays w
Page 93 and 94: In the last scene, Act 5.4, the tra
Page 95 and 96: Tristan was the one who had her bef
Page 97 and 98: Bibliography Béroul. The Romance o
Page 99 and 100: given day one could observe a cheat
Page 101 and 102: Many countries have taken Latin Ame
Page 103 and 104: References and Works Cited Andaló,
Page 105 and 106: differentiates human beings from an
Page 107 and 108: has to beg the wind to help her. Th
Page 109: APOCALYPSE, WHEN? Joanne Chiu Facul
Page 113 and 114: The apocalypse has come and as with
Page 115 and 116: RELIGION AS A MANIPULATIVE TOOL IN
Page 117 and 118: With a sense of his mastery of stra
Page 119 and 120: References Arenal, Electa and Stace
Page 121 and 122: constructed a visual lexicon aggres
Page 123 and 124: them as the hoods plot their next t
Page 125 and 126: The motivation behind Guston’s re
Page 127 and 128: LANGUAGE ACQUISITION: A PARADOX OF
Page 129 and 130: GUNTHER VON HAGEN’S GESTALT PLAST
Page 131 and 132: are borrowed directly from the visu
Page 133 and 134: In general, science museums do not
Page 135 and 136: The report suggests that war-crimes
Page 137 and 138: DATA MINING IN BIOINFORMATICS: USIN
Page 139 and 140: Zealand, which was ranked 77 th in
Page 141 and 142: THE JENSEN LANDSCAPE AT HENRY AND C
Page 143 and 144: number of Boxelder trees increased
Page 145 and 146: Figure 3. The distribution of Sugar
Page 147 and 148: THE EFFECT OF RETINOIDS ON REGENERA
Page 149 and 150: deparaffinized in xylene. After the
Page 151 and 152: A B C Figure 2 Photographs of tadpo
Page 153 and 154: IU/mL retinoids is the best concent
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