Quick Reference Chart for Determining Immigration Consequences ...
Quick Reference Chart for Determining Immigration Consequences ...
Quick Reference Chart for Determining Immigration Consequences ...
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APPENDIX A: QUICK REFERENCE CHART FOR DETERMINING IMMIGRATION CONSEQUENCES OF COMMON NEW YORK OFFENSES<br />
Offense<br />
NYPL<br />
Section<br />
Aggravated<br />
Felony (AF)?<br />
record of<br />
conviction<br />
(ROC)<br />
establishes a<br />
controlled<br />
substance as<br />
defined in 21<br />
USC 802. If<br />
this is a first<br />
drug offense,<br />
any other<br />
subsection is<br />
NOT a “drug<br />
trafficking” AF,<br />
unless ROC<br />
shows<br />
possession of<br />
more than 5<br />
grams of crack<br />
or any amount<br />
of<br />
flunitrazepam,<br />
in which case<br />
probably is<br />
“drug<br />
trafficking” AF.<br />
If this is a<br />
subsequent<br />
drug offense,<br />
ROC<br />
establishes a<br />
controlled<br />
substance as<br />
defined in 21<br />
USC 802 and<br />
the government<br />
establishes a<br />
prior drug<br />
conviction, any<br />
Crime Involving<br />
Moral Turpitude<br />
(CIMT)?<br />
probably are<br />
NOT CIMT.<br />
Other Grounds?:<br />
Controlled Substance (CSO)<br />
Crime Against Child (CAC)<br />
Dom. Violence (CODV) etc.<br />
Firearm Offense (FO)<br />
Prostitution<br />
Commercialized Vice<br />
Comments, Strategies & Tips<br />
These are by no means an exhaustive list of strategies and tips<br />
advocates may pursue. For additional defense lawyer strategies,<br />
see Chapter 5. For additional immigration lawyer strategies, see<br />
Appendix K.<br />
alternative offenses such as Hindering Prosecution (see<br />
above, PL 205.55-205.65); or possibly to decrease risk of<br />
CSO consider alternative offenses such as Criminally<br />
Possessing a Hypodermic Instrument (see below, PL<br />
220.45), Criminal Solicitation (see above, PL 100.00-<br />
100.13) or Criminal Facilitation (see above, PL 115.00-<br />
115.08).<br />
4. If pleading to this offense cannot be avoided, if<br />
possible avoid subsection (1) and keep out of record of<br />
conviction identification of the controlled substance<br />
involved.<br />
Tip <strong>for</strong> immigration lawyers:<br />
1. Argue NOT “drug trafficking” AF based on<br />
arguments that remain available after the Supreme<br />
Court’s decision in Lopez v. Gonzales (see App. G, §<br />
1.b).<br />
2. Argue NOT CSO if government failed to prove that<br />
the controlled substance involved is one defined in 21<br />
USC 802.<br />
A-54 NYSDA IMMIGRANT DEFENSE PROJECT, December 2006