Emerging biotechnologies: full report - Nuffield Council on Bioethics

E m e r g i n g b i o t e c h n o l o g i e s
public–private mix 8.20
purposes 8.3–8.11
reflexive 8.41
reframing 8.32–8.44
relevance 8.12–8.14
smart 8.41
soft 8.31, 8.42, 9.53
surveillance 8.28, 8.39
UK systems 8.21–8.25
regulatory data protection 9.19, 9.21
religious faiths 4.11–4.12
representativeness
of decision making 5.43–5.44
of public engagement 5.50–5.51
repurposing <strong>biotechnologies</strong> 3.9, Box 3.1
research 6.1–6.62
basic vs applied 6.1
collaborative 6.28, 6.61, 9.47
directions, influences on 6.15–6.61
early stage, uncertainties 3.5–3.6
economic exploitability 7.17, 7.36–7.41
ethical conduct 7.57–7.58
extending boundaries 6.61
facilitation 7.1
funding see funding, research
global context 6.48
goal-directed 6.15, 6.17
impact see impact of research
inhibition 7.1
intensity, UK economy 7.11
policy see policy, research
pre-competitive 9.47
public expectations and responses 6.47
quality of UK 7.21, 7.23–7.32
science-led 6.15–6.16
settings 6.4–6.6
societal challenges 6.36–6.37
utility 6.42–6.43
research and development (R&D)
conditions influencing 1.31–1.32
contribution to economic growth 7.36–7.41
fostering diversity of approaches 7.48,
10.15
policy see policy, research
profit motive 9.5–9.12
UK achievements 7.23–7.32
see also drug discovery/development
research councils 5.63
competition between 7.49
control of research policy 5.63, 7.50–7.56
economic growth agenda 7.10–7.11
funding of research 6.7–6.8, 6.10, 7.10
impact of research 6.40
influence of industry over 5.63, 6.27, 7.52
influences on researchers 6.23–6.26
research settings 6.5
researchers 6.1–6.2
as advisors 6.57–6.60
as communicators 6.50–6.54
freedom of action 6.16
as gatekeepers of knowledge 6.55–6.56
influences of 6.49–6.61
influences on 6.22–6.48
mission (function) creep 6.59, 6.62
multiple and multidirectional influences
6.15–6.21
recommendations for 6.46, 6.53, 10.10–
10.11
regulatory systems 8.20
virtue of candour 4.50–4.51
see also scientists
Research Excellence Framework (REF) 6.41,
9.11
responsible innovation 8.32
risk
analysis, quantitative 3.11
assessment 8.7–8.8, 8.12, 8.34
framing uncertainty as 3.32–3.34
regulatory management 8.32
uncertainty and 3.10–3.12
see also harms
rivalrous goods 4.6–4.7
RNA interference (RNAi) 2.13, 9.22
roadmapping 6.29–6.35, 7.13
Roslin Institute 6.5
Royal Academy of Engineering 2.36
royalty payments 9.45
Rumsfeld, Donald 3.11
salvational narratives 6.36–6.37
Sanger Institute, Wellcome Trust 6.5
scepticism, methodological 2.39–2.44, 2.46
science
influence of technological development
6.20
informing the public about 5.52–5.53
-led research 6.15–6.16
policy, influences on 5.63–5.65
quality of UK 7.21, 7.23–7.32
as a social practice 5.31
Science (journal) Box 3.1, Box 3.2
Science and innovation investment framework
2004–2014 7.11
Science and Technology Facilities <strong>Council</strong> 7.53
science fiction 2.38
scientific advisors 4.36, 6.57–6.60
mission creep 6.59, 7.8
recommendations to 6.58, 10.10–10.11
scientific advisory committees (SACs) 7.8
mission creep 6.59, 7.8
regulatory functions 8.24
scientific knowledge see knowledge
scientists (scientific experts)
as advisors 4.36, 6.57–6.60
amateur or unofficial 6.54
communication with public 5.34–5.35,
6.51–6.53, 10.10
influence on science policy 5.63–5.64
influences over the media 5.16–5.17, 5.19
motives of private sector 9.6–9.7, 9.9–9.12
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