Xenotransplantation - Nuffield Council on Bioethics
Xenotransplantation - Nuffield Council on Bioethics
Xenotransplantation - Nuffield Council on Bioethics
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Table of c<strong>on</strong>tents<br />
Chapter 6 Transmissi<strong>on</strong> of infectious diseases 67<br />
The risk that infectious organisms will be transmitted from<br />
animals to human beings 68<br />
Infectious organisms 69<br />
Comparis<strong>on</strong> of the risks to human beings from infecti<strong>on</strong>s<br />
organisms of primates and pigs 70<br />
Assessing the risks of infecti<strong>on</strong> 72<br />
The risk of animal diseases spreading from xenograft<br />
recipients into the general populati<strong>on</strong> 73<br />
The principle of precauti<strong>on</strong> 74<br />
Assembling informati<strong>on</strong> about the risks of disease transmissi<strong>on</strong> 76<br />
Producing animals free from known infectious organisms 77<br />
Follow-up of xenograft recipients 78<br />
C<strong>on</strong>clusi<strong>on</strong> 80<br />
Chapter 7 Early patients 83<br />
When will xenotransplantati<strong>on</strong> trials involving human<br />
beings be justified? 83<br />
C<strong>on</strong>sent c<strong>on</strong>siderati<strong>on</strong>s 87<br />
Children 89<br />
Adults who cannot c<strong>on</strong>sent <strong>on</strong> their own behalf 90<br />
C<strong>on</strong>scientious objecti<strong>on</strong>s 91<br />
C<strong>on</strong>clusi<strong>on</strong> 93<br />
Chapter 8 Effects <strong>on</strong> the health care system 95<br />
Implicati<strong>on</strong>s for the Nati<strong>on</strong>al Health Service 95<br />
The cost of xenotransplantati<strong>on</strong> compared with human organ<br />
transplantati<strong>on</strong> 96<br />
The scope of xenotransplantati<strong>on</strong> 97<br />
Arrangements for introducing xenotransplantati<strong>on</strong> into the NHS 98<br />
Chapter 9 Pers<strong>on</strong>al and social effects of xenotransplantati<strong>on</strong> 101<br />
Attitudes towards xenotransplantati<strong>on</strong> 101<br />
Effects of xenotransplantati<strong>on</strong> for individual recipients 102<br />
The implicati<strong>on</strong>s of xenotransplantati<strong>on</strong> for attitudes to<br />
human organ d<strong>on</strong>ati<strong>on</strong> 106<br />
Chapter 10 C<strong>on</strong>clusi<strong>on</strong>s and recommendati<strong>on</strong>s 109<br />
Ethical c<strong>on</strong>cerns 110<br />
Animal c<strong>on</strong>cerns: principles 111<br />
The use of primates for xenotransplantati<strong>on</strong> 112<br />
The use of pigs for xenotransplantati<strong>on</strong> 113<br />
Animal c<strong>on</strong>cerns: practice 114<br />
Transmissi<strong>on</strong> of infectious diseases 116<br />
Early patients 118<br />
Effects <strong>on</strong> the health care system 120<br />
Pers<strong>on</strong>al and social effects of xenotransplantati<strong>on</strong> 121<br />
Implementati<strong>on</strong> of recommendati<strong>on</strong>s 122<br />
Annex A Public c<strong>on</strong>sultati<strong>on</strong> 123<br />
Annex B C<strong>on</strong>sultati<strong>on</strong> letters and informati<strong>on</strong> pack 125<br />
Annex C Individuals and organisati<strong>on</strong>s c<strong>on</strong>tacted 130<br />
Annex D Submissi<strong>on</strong>s 133<br />
Annex E Glossary 135<br />
Acknowledgements 143<br />
Index 144<br />
Order form 147<br />
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