Xenotransplantation - Nuffield Council on Bioethics
Xenotransplantation - Nuffield Council on Bioethics
Xenotransplantation - Nuffield Council on Bioethics
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Animal-to-Human Transplants : the ethics of xenotransplantati<strong>on</strong><br />
Virus<br />
A minute infectious organism made of genetic material and protein. It is not<br />
normally c<strong>on</strong>sidered to be a living organism, since it cannot live independently.<br />
Instead, viruses must infect living cells and reproduce inside them. New virus<br />
particles can then leave the cell. In some viruses, such as the herpes viruses, the<br />
genetic material is DNA. In others, such as the HIV virus that causes AIDS, the<br />
genetic material is a different type, called RNA (paragraph 6.9).<br />
White blood cells<br />
White blood cells (leucocytes) are the blood cells that enable the body to mount an<br />
immune resp<strong>on</strong>se. They are divided into two main groups: B-cells and T-cells<br />
(paragraphs 3.9 - 3.14).<br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>Xenotransplantati<strong>on</strong></str<strong>on</strong>g><br />
<str<strong>on</strong>g>Xenotransplantati<strong>on</strong></str<strong>on</strong>g> or xenografting is the transplantati<strong>on</strong> between different species<br />
of organs, tissue or cells (paragraph 3.8).<br />
Xenograft<br />
A xenograft is an organ or tissue that has been transplanted from <strong>on</strong>e species into<br />
another (paragraph 3.8).<br />
Zo<strong>on</strong>oses<br />
Zo<strong>on</strong>oses are animal diseases that can also affect humans (paragraph 6.5).<br />
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