Xenotransplantation - Nuffield Council on Bioethics

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Animal-to-Human Transplants : the ethics of xenotransplantation Implementation of recommendations 10.47 This report has set out the many ethical issues raised by the development of xenotransplantation. In the view of the Working Party, responding to these issues will require the establishment of an Advisory Committee on <strong>Xenotransplantation</strong> (paragraph 10.31). The Working Party recommends that the proposed Advisory Committee on <strong>Xenotransplantation</strong> should produce guidance on best practice and revise that guidance in the light of experience. The responsibilities of the Advisory Committee should include: assembling and assessing information about the possible risks of disease transmission, and on that basis making recommendations (paragraph 10.26) establishing a regulatory mechanism to ensure that the appropriate infectious organisms are eliminated from source animals (paragraph 10.27) developing guidance on the monitoring of future recipients of xenografts and maintaining a register of xenograft recipients (paragraphs 10.28 - 10.29) approving any xenotransplantation trials involving human recipients and the centres that may undertake such trials (paragraph 10.32) overseeing issues of consent and conscientious objection (paragraphs 10.34 -10.41) assessing the impact of xenotransplantation on individual recipients (paragraph 10.45) facilitating debate and assessing attitudes to xenotransplantation (paragraph 10.46). No xenotransplantation trials involving human recipients should proceed until the proposed Advisory Committee on <strong>Xenotransplantation</strong> is in place and the above issues have been addressed. 10.48 A particularly wide range of concerns is raised by xenotransplantation, about which people have differing and strongly held views. The Working Party has recommended that the development of xenotransplantation should continue subject to rigorous regulation to ensure protection for potential human recipients and care for animal welfare. Public debate about the ethical issues raised by xenotransplantation will continue. This report is intended to contribute to that debate. 122
Annex A : Public consultation Annex A Public consultation 1 The Working Party agreed at an early stage that steps should be taken to collect the views of interested parties on xenografts. Early in April 1995 about 130 organisations and individuals were contacted directly and a brief announcement and invitation to comment were carried in the Daily Telegraph, Guardian, Independent and The Times. Copies of the letters and information sent out are in Annex B. 2 The list of individuals and organisations contacted is in Annex C. Efforts were made to ensure that the following areas were represented: researchers and practitioners in the field; animal rights and animal welfare organisations; organisations lobbying on genetic engineering; commercial interests and religious groups. It was anticipated that professionals working in the field would alert the Working Party to current scientific developments and issues; other interest groups and members of the public would give a sense of the strength of feeling or indicate themes that might otherwise be missed. The list of submissions received is in Annex D. 3 Most submissions came from organisations or from individuals with an organisational affiliation. The largest group of responses came from universities, colleges, learned societies, research institutes and research councils. The next largest group was that representing religious organisations. Several submissions came from what can be broadly termed animal interest groups. A few submissions came from those with direct commercial interests in this field. 4 The response from members of the public was small. The Working Party received five submissions from individuals writing entirely in their private capacity as concerned citizens and a submission from a group of sixth-formers from Dalriada School, Ballymoney, Northern Ireland. In comments ranging from two or three sentences to half a paragraph, 26 pupils gave their individual reactions to the concept of a xenograft and the possibilities it offers. Almost all the issues discussed in this report were raised in some form across this set of responses. Reactions of amazement and initial doubt amongst these young people gave way, for the most part, to acceptance of something that might benefit humankind - though three responses ruled the idea of xenografts out completely. “That”, commented one member of the Working Party, “is as good an indication as any of the range of public opinion in this area.” 123
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Preface Preface Since the N
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Xenotransplantation</strong
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Xenotransplantation - Nuffield Council on Bioethics

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