The ethics of research involving animals - Nuffield Council on ...

More documents

Recommendations

Info

T h e e t h i c s o f r e s e a r c h i n v o l v i n g a n i m a l s 4 November 2003, London Meeting at 28 Bedford Square, as part <strong>of</strong> the fifth meeting <strong>of</strong> the Working Party Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Michael Balls Trustee, FRAME, former Head <strong>of</strong> the European Centre for the Validation <strong>of</strong> Alternative Methods (ECVAM) Dr Gill Langley Scientific Advisor, Dr Hadwen Trust for Humane Research Programme ■ Introduction to the activities <strong>of</strong> ECVAM and the Dr Hadwen Trust with regard to the promotion <strong>of</strong> the acceptance <strong>of</strong> alternatives to animal <strong>research</strong>; ■ discussion <strong>of</strong> recent qualitative and quantitative trends in the use <strong>of</strong> <strong>animals</strong> in <strong>research</strong>; the relation <strong>of</strong> replacement to refinement and reduction strategies; the nature <strong>of</strong> barriers to the uptake <strong>of</strong> replacement alternatives; the possible focus <strong>of</strong> the newly established National Centre for the Replacement, Refinement and Reduction <strong>of</strong> Animals in Research (NC3Rs); the role <strong>of</strong> the Three Rs in the regulatory framework <strong>of</strong> the UK; the potential <strong>of</strong> the Three Rs in different areas <strong>of</strong> basic and applied <strong>research</strong>. 8 January 2004, London Meeting at 28 Bedford Square, as part <strong>of</strong> the sixth meeting <strong>of</strong> the Working Party Dr Jon Richmond Head, Animals (Scientific Procedures) Division (ASPD), Home Office Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Michael Banner Chair, Animals Procedure Committee (APC) Richard West Secretary, Animals Procedure Committee (APC) Programme: ■ Introductions to the role and functioning <strong>of</strong> the ASPD and the APC; ■ discussion <strong>of</strong> specific issues relating to the application <strong>of</strong> the A(SP)A: the inspection system; the operation <strong>of</strong> the cost-benefit analysis; the relationship <strong>of</strong> UK regulation to international regulations, the role <strong>of</strong> the APC in <strong>of</strong>fering advice to the Home Office about a small number <strong>of</strong> applications for <strong>research</strong>, mostly <strong>involving</strong> the use <strong>of</strong> non-human primates in the ‘substantial’ category <strong>of</strong> severity; the nature and relevance <strong>of</strong> the severity banding system; the presentation <strong>of</strong> data in the statistics published by the Home Office; obstacles to a wider implementation <strong>of</strong> the Three Rs. 11 March 2004, London Meeting at 28 Bedford Square, as part <strong>of</strong> the seventh meeting <strong>of</strong> the Working Party Dr Ray Greek President, Americans For Medical Advancement (AFMA); Medical Director, Europeans For Medical Advancement (EFMA) Kathy Archibald Director, EFMA 302
T h e e t h i c s o f r e s e a r c h i n v o l v i n g a n i m a l s Programme ■ Introduction to the activities <strong>of</strong> AFMA an EFMA; ■ Discussion on scope and limitations <strong>of</strong> transferability and predictability <strong>of</strong> data obtained from <strong>animals</strong> for the study <strong>of</strong> human diseases, including cancer, HIV/AIDS, polio, TSE and others; the question <strong>of</strong> whether or not animal testing was in fact more dangerous than beneficial for humans; the role <strong>of</strong> animal <strong>research</strong> questions relating to the liability <strong>of</strong> pharmaceutical companies; the potential <strong>of</strong> alternatives to animal <strong>research</strong>. 21 March 2004, Institute <strong>of</strong> Neurology, London Members <strong>of</strong> the Working Party who attended the meeting included 3 Baroness Perry <strong>of</strong> Southwark (Chair), Dr Maggy Jennings, Dr Mark Matfield, Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Jonathan Wolff, Dr Sandy Thomas and Harald Schmidt. Staff at the Institute <strong>of</strong> Neurology: Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Roger Lemon BSc PhD MA FMedSci Director, Institute <strong>of</strong> Neurology (Project Licence Holder) Robert Walker Institute Secretary and Home Office Certificate Holder APPENDIX 4: METHOD OF WORKING Martin Lawton Named Veterinary Surgeon John Frogley Superintendent, animal house facilities Programme ■ Introduction to the Institute <strong>of</strong> Neurology’s <strong>research</strong> programme in the areas <strong>of</strong> epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, spinal cord injury, Parkinson’s disease, headache and migraine; ■ discussion <strong>of</strong> examples <strong>of</strong> <strong>research</strong> areas in which the use <strong>of</strong> non-human primates was indispensable: deep-brain stimulation (DBS) for the treatment <strong>of</strong> Parkinson’s disease, and <strong>research</strong> to understand the use <strong>of</strong> transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) for diagnosis and treatment <strong>of</strong> movement disorders, spinal injury and depression; ■ viewing <strong>of</strong> a video illustrating current <strong>research</strong> on the effects <strong>of</strong> stroke on the function <strong>of</strong> the human hand. Research involved the recording <strong>of</strong> neural activity in captive-bred, awake macaque monkeys. Two members <strong>of</strong> the Working Party viewed an experiment in progress; ■ discussion <strong>of</strong> scientific, methodological, animal-welfare-related and ethical issues arising from primate <strong>research</strong>: transferability and predictability; breeding, housing and handling <strong>of</strong> primates; interactions with the Home Office; future scientific uses <strong>of</strong> non-human primates; the role <strong>of</strong> undercover investigations <strong>of</strong> animal-rights activists. 3 We regret that it was not possible for all members <strong>of</strong> the Working Party who wished to attend this fact-finding meeting to do so. <strong>The</strong> Institute <strong>of</strong> Neurology took the decision not to invite Michelle <strong>The</strong>w as they understood that she had been associated, through her previous pr<strong>of</strong>essional affiliation with the British Union for the Abolition <strong>of</strong> Vivisection (BUAV), with undercover investigations and intimidation <strong>of</strong> staff similar to that at the Institute <strong>of</strong> Neurology. <strong>The</strong> Institute commented that ‘It is not acceptable for this Institute or its staff to engage in an open dialogue with those who have chosen infiltration, and whose organisations have openly threatened individual scientists who work here.’ Michelle <strong>The</strong>w stated that neither she, nor the BUAV as an organisation, had been involved in any undercover investigation at the Institute, nor had she or the BUAV threatened staff <strong>of</strong> the Institute in any way. Pr<strong>of</strong>essor Lemon acknowledged at a later stage that the infiltration at the Institute <strong>of</strong> Neurology had in fact been organised by the National Anti-Vivisection Society (NAVS). 303
Page 1 and 2:
The ethics
Page 3:
The ethics
Page 7 and 8:
Foreword The issue
Page 9 and 10:
Table of contents
Page 11 and 12:
Stages 1-2: discovery and selection
Page 13:
Conclusions and recommendations ...
Page 17:
Terms of reference
Page 20 and 21:
T h e e t h i c s o f r e s e a r c
Page 22 and 23:
Page 24 and 25:
Page 26 and 27:
Page 28 and 29:
Page 30 and 31:
Page 32 and 33:
Page 34 and 35:
Page 36 and 37:
Page 38 and 39:
Page 41:
Chapter 1 Introduction
Page 44 and 45:
Page 46 and 47:
Page 48 and 49:
Page 51:
Chapter 2 The cont
Page 54 and 55:
Page 56 and 57:
Page 58 and 59:
Page 60 and 61:
Page 62 and 63:
Page 64 and 65:
Page 66 and 67:
Page 69:
Chapter 3 Ethical issues raised by
Page 72 and 73:
Page 74 and 75:
Page 76 and 77:
Page 78 and 79:
Page 80 and 81:
Page 82 and 83:
Page 84 and 85:
Page 86 and 87:
Page 88 and 89:
Page 90 and 91:
Page 92 and 93:
Page 94 and 95:
Page 97:
Chapter 4 The capa
Page 100 and 101:
Page 102 and 103:
Page 104 and 105:
Page 106 and 107:
Page 108 and 109:
Page 110 and 111:
Page 112 and 113:
Page 114 and 115:
Page 116 and 117:
Page 118 and 119:
Page 121:
Section 2 Use of <
Page 125:
Chapter 5 The use
Page 128 and 129:
Page 130 and 131:
Page 132 and 133:
Page 134 and 135:
Page 136 and 137:
Page 138 and 139:
Page 140 and 141:
Page 143:
Chapter 6 The use
Page 146 and 147:
Page 148 and 149:
Page 150 and 151:
Page 152 and 153:
Page 154 and 155:
Page 156 and 157:
Page 159 and 160:
Page 161 and 162:
Page 163 and 164:
Page 165 and 166:
Page 167:
Page 171 and 172:
Page 173 and 174:
Page 175 and 176:
Page 177 and 178:
Page 179 and 180:
Page 181 and 182:
Page 183 and 184:
Page 185 and 186:
Page 187 and 188:
Page 189:
Page 193 and 194:
Page 195 and 196:
Page 197 and 198:
Page 199 and 200:
Page 201 and 202:
Page 203 and 204:
Page 205:
Page 209 and 210:
Page 211 and 212:
Page 213 and 214:
Page 215 and 216:
Page 217 and 218:
Page 219 and 220:
Page 221 and 222:
Page 223:
Section 3 Alternatives
Page 227 and 228:
Page 229 and 230:
Page 231 and 232:
Page 233 and 234:
Page 235 and 236:
Page 237 and 238:
Page 239:
Page 243 and 244:
Page 245 and 246:
Page 247 and 248:
Page 249 and 250:
Page 251 and 252:
Page 253 and 254:
Page 255:
Section 4 Legal, ethical and policy
Page 259 and 260:
Page 261 and 262:
Page 263 and 264:
Page 265 and 266:
Page 267 and 268:
Page 269 and 270:
Page 271 and 272:
Page 273 and 274:
Page 275 and 276:
Page 277:
Chapter 14 Discussion of</s
Page 280 and 281:
Page 282 and 283:
Page 284 and 285:
Page 286 and 287:
Page 288 and 289:
Page 290 and 291: T h e e t h i c s o f r e s e a r c
Page 325: Appendices
Page 376: Genetic screening: ethical issues P
show all

The ethics of research involving animals - Nuffield Council on ...

You also want an ePaper? Increase the reach of your titles

Delete template?

Save as template?