28.04.2014
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424 The Coins of Europe European countries, an enormous volume of material and an almost embarrassing range of choice ; and it is this experience which induces many to work on special lines either in regard to period or locality, to types or treatment. Perhaps the prevailing bias is toward the Popes, the Franco- Italian series, Venice, Savoy, or Florence, in nearly all of which historical and artistic interest are combined, and there is the supplemental recommendation of rarity and costliness. The papal coinage would be sufficient to engross the attention of an amateur, who might seek to accomplish completeness in the early J denari from the The eighth Popes. . . , i century, and in those pieces which owe their value to the brevity of reigns or to the limited issue of money in the more precious metals. 1 The acquisition of the large silver denominations prior to Clement X. in fine state, and of all the copper down to quite recent times, is, however, a task of no mean difficulty. The interregnal periods (1049-1362 and 1527-28) furnish an assortment of coins of a secular character struck in the name of the Roman Senate, of Brancaleone d'Andalo, Charles of Anjou, Charles V., of anonymous senators, and of the tribune Rienzi ( I 347-48), and some interesting and rare siege-money. The first pontiff who issued copper appears to have been Innocent VIII. (1484-92), of whom there is a piece from the mint at Aquila, usually described as a cavallo. There is a considerable aggregate of sede vacante pieces, generally of good execution and of limited extent ; and as we approach the of Pius VI. present century, some of the money of necessity and of the Roman Republic pending the crisis of 1798-99, and the coinages of such brief reigns as Leo XII. and Pius VIII., are desiderata. To the republic belonging to the latest years of the last century we have to assign, among other productions, a remarkable piece of 2^ baiocchi, 1796, with a head of St. Peter to left on obverse, the keys in his hand, and the legend Apostolorvin Princeps. The numismatic series of Pius IX. (1846-78) is long, and the examples, for the most part, plentiful. The last pontiff 1 See the Catalogue of Mints, v. " Rome."
Descriptive Outline of the Coinages of Europe 425 who exercised the right of coining, employed between I 846 and 1 866 four units, the baiocco, the centesimo, the soldo, and the lira, not to mention the scudo d'oro. We have of his reign the scudo, 2J> scudi, 5 scudi, and 10 scudi, and 100 lire, in gold ; the scudo, the lira, 2 lire, 20 baiocchi, 10 PAPAL COINS. 1 Danaro struck by the Roman Senate, i3th c. Scudo di oro of Julius 11.,'attri Alexander VII. Paolo Scudo di oro of Pius IX. baiocchi, and 5 baiocchi, in silver ; the \ baiocco, I, 2, 3, and 5 baiocchi, the ^,1,2, and 4 soldi, and the centesimo, in copper. There is also the Gaeta series of i848, 2 as well as the revolutionary money, of which there are varieties in silver, billon, and copper, circular and square. One set, ' 1 Comp. " Coins of the Medici, " infrd. Comp. Catalogue of Mints, vv. "Gaeta" and "Rome."
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COINAGE EUROPEAN CONTINENT
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THE COINAGE OF THE EUROPEAN CONTINE
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PREFACE IT is hoped that the follow
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' TABLE OF CONTENTS PREFACE . FACE
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Table of Contents xi DESCRIPTIVE OU
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Xlll continued. PAGE Lucca 452 Geno
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LIST OF ILLUSTRATIONS Philip IV. of
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List of Illustrations xvii' PAGE 33
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INTRODUCTION I THE unabated and gen
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Introduction 3 to the wants, feelin
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Introduction 5 more centralised con
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Introduction 7 ing ideas and possib
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Napoleon Introduction 9 healthy emu
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Introduction 1 1 A scrutiny of the
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Introdiiction \ 3 centralisation. A
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Introduction 1 5 France by the Arab
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Introduction 1 7 certain resemblanc
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Introduction 1 9 VII The Low Countr
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Introduction 2 I autonomous coins o
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Introduction 2 3 numismatic annals
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Introduction 2 5 of France from the
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Introduction 2 7 her frontier exten
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Introduction 29 concave fabric of t
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Introduction 3 1 number, as in Fran
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Introduction 33 began to appear on
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Introduction 35 and by co-operative
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the lowest depths ^ve cry unto Tkee
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Introduction 39 placed on the coina
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Introduction 4 1 indecision as to t
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Introduction 43 It was upon the las
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Introduction 45 The use of copper a
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Introduction 4 7 material for fabri
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Introduction 49 Immense quantities
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Introduction 5 1 a new type and of
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Introduction 53 regime purely from
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fniroduction 5 5 disregard of econo
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Introduction 5 7 repeated, Was boun
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Introduction 59 date or the value w
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Introduction 6 1 the Hand, just as
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Introduction 63 contenting himself
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Introduction 65 commercial detail ;
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THREE CATALOGUES: I. CATALOGUE OF E
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70 The Coins of Europe were issued
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72 ' The Coins of Europe and mezzo-
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74 The Coins of Europe le Gros, and
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76 The Coins of Europe and Dukes of
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78 The Coins of Europe Kalmiintz, K
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8o The Coins of Europe usually disp
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82 The Coins of Europe Vettore Emma
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84 The Coins of Europe Guben, Havel
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86 The Coins of Europe Brussels, an
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88 The Coins of Europe republic. Bu
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go The Coins of Europe common with
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92 The Coins of Europe during the r
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94 The Coins of Europe Corfu. A coi
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96 The Coins of Europe pacification
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98 The Coins of Europe tion-money b
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ioo The Coins of Europe Eichstadt,
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' iO2 The Coins of Europe We find i
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IO4 The Coins of Europe Fossombrone
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io6 The Coins of Europe Fumes, W. F
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io8 The Coins of Europe Gliickstadt
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1 1 o The Coins of Europe Gruitrode
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1 1 2 7Yie Coins of Europe Jacob, L
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1 1 4 The Coins of Europe the 1 7th
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1 1 6 The Coins of Eiirope place st
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1 1 8 The Coins of E^lrope Charles
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I2O The Coins of Europe Boufflers,
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122 The Coins of Europe Lucera, in
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124 The Coins of Europe etc., and a
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126 The Coins of Europe of 2, 4, 8,
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128 The Coins of Europe Meddersheim
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1 30 The Coins of E^lrope Messina,
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132 The Coins of Europe the lordshi
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134 The Coins of Europe the Kings o
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136 The Coins of Europe in 1155. Tw
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138 The Coins of Europe Neufchateai
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1 40 The Coins of Europe Oberwesel,
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142 The Coins of Europe curious cop
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144 The Coins of Europe hours durin
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146 The Coins of Europe and during
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148 The Coins of Europe We have bef
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150 The Coins of Europe Eiffel, Neu
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152 The Coins of Europe mark was, l
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154 The Coins of Europe other of 15
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156 The Coins of Europe Saint-Venan
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158 The Coins of Europe on obv., an
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160 The Coins of Europe money was p
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1 62 The Coins of Europe Smallenber
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164 The Coins of Europe among which
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1 66 The Coins of Europe Tagliacozz
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1 68 The Coins of Europe left, OLL
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1 70 The Coins of Europe bracteates
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172 The Coins of Europe Vannes, a m
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1 74 The Coins of Europe chiefly fo
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176 The Coins of Europe here or at
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178 The Coins of Europe Yennc, a mi
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II. CATALOGUE OF EUROPEAN DENOMINAT
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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1 Catalogue of European Denominatio
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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Catalogue of Eiiropean Denomination
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. Catalogue of European Denominatio
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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. Catalogue of Eiiropean Denominati
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' 'Catalogue of European Denominati
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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.Catalogue of E^tropean Denominatio
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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'Catalogite of European Denominatio
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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. Catalogue of European Denominatio
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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Catalogite of European Denomination
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Catalogiie of European Denomination
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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Catalogue of European Denominations
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246 The Coins of Europe 1460 John a
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248 The Coins of Europe 1409 Bernar
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250 The Coins of Europe Electors of
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252 The Coins of Europe Electors of
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254 The Coins of Europe 1 109 Wladi
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256 The Coins of Europe 1025 Miecis
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258 The Coins of Europe 1660 Charle
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260 The Coins of Europe Dukes of At
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262 The Coins of Europe Counts and
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264 The Coins of Europe Counts of W
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266 The Coins of Europe 1218 Arnoul
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268 The Coins of Europe Dukes of Fe
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270 The Coins of Europe 1466 Galeaz
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272 The Coins of Europe 1253 Pietro
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274 The Coins of Europe 1105 Roger
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276 The Coins of Europe Anglo-Galli
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2 7 8 The Coins of Eiiropc 1127 Gui
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280 The Coins of Europe Counts of B
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282 The Coins of Europe 1248 Alice
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284 The Coins of Europe 1125 Roger
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286 The Coins of Europe 1 60 1 -8 J
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288 The Coins of Europe Dukes of No
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Seigneurs de Sully 1398 1446 George
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The Coins of Europe IX. SPAIN Kings
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I. GERMANY CONFORMABLY with the pri
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Brunswick-Luneburg : triple thaler,
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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' Descriptive Outline of the Coinag
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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PRUSSIAN COINS, HTH-i8TH c. Schilli
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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COI'NS OF AUSTRIA AND THE TYROL, 14
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive O^ltline of the Coinage
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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RUSSIAN COINS (CHIEFLY PATTERNS), 1
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive OiUline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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COINS OF THE SOUTHERN NETHERLANDS.
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Descriptive O^ttline of the Coinage
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Batavia : 48 stuiver, 1645. Arg. (c
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' Descriptive Outline of the Coinag
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COINS OF THE NORTHERN NETHERLANDS.
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RULERS OF THE NETHERLANDS. Charles
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive O^ltline of the Coinage
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VENETIAN COINS. Matapan, i4th c. Go
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VENETIAN COINS. Silver ducat, later
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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SAVOYARD COINS, 13111-17x11 c. Ludo
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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COINS OF THE MEDICI FAMILY, 1533-17
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Maria Louisa, Duchess of Parma and
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Ozitline of the Coinage
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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SICILIAN COINS. Incuse silver denar
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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COINS OF THE KNIGHTS OF ST. JOHN OF
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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FRANCE : COINS OF HENRY III. AND IV
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FRANCE: COINS OF LOUIS XIV. AND XV.
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FRENCH REVOLUTIONARY COINS, 1791-93
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Descriptive Oittline of the Coinage
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FRANCE : NAPOLEON I. AS FIRST CONSU
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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FRENCH FEUDAL COINS. 1. Pavilion if
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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SPANISH COINS, I3TH-I8TH c. LEON AN
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive O^ltl^ne of the Coinage
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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Descriptive Outline of the Coinages
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533 The Coins of Europe Antwerp, 73
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540 The Coins of Europe King of Den
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542 The Coins of Europe Early coppe
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544 The Coins of Europe German occu
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546 The Coins of Europe Keller, Got
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548 The Coins of Eitrope Moors of G
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550 The Coins of Europe Plantagenet
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22 552 The Coins of Europe Seville,
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554 The Coins of Europe Venlo, 405
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" Mr. Hazlitt has done much work du
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30. Gleanings in Old Garden Literat