W. C a r e w H a z l i t t Coinage of the European Continent

W. C a r e w H a z l i t t Coinage of the European Continent W. C a r e w H a z l i t t Coinage of the European Continent

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424 The Coins of Europe European countries, an enormous volume of material and an almost embarrassing range of choice ; and it is this experience which induces many to work on special lines either in regard to period or locality, to types or treatment. Perhaps the prevailing bias is toward the Popes, the Franco- Italian series, Venice, Savoy, or Florence, in nearly all of which historical and artistic interest are combined, and there is the supplemental recommendation of rarity and costliness. The papal coinage would be sufficient to engross the attention of an amateur, who might seek to accomplish completeness in the early J denari from the The eighth Popes. . . , i century, and in those pieces which owe their value to the brevity of reigns or to the limited issue of money in the more precious metals. 1 The acquisition of the large silver denominations prior to Clement X. in fine state, and of all the copper down to quite recent times, is, however, a task of no mean difficulty. The interregnal periods (1049-1362 and 1527-28) furnish an assortment of coins of a secular character struck in the name of the Roman Senate, of Brancaleone d'Andalo, Charles of Anjou, Charles V., of anonymous senators, and of the tribune Rienzi ( I 347-48), and some interesting and rare siege-money. The first pontiff who issued copper appears to have been Innocent VIII. (1484-92), of whom there is a piece from the mint at Aquila, usually described as a cavallo. There is a considerable aggregate of sede vacante pieces, generally of good execution and of limited extent ; and as we approach the of Pius VI. present century, some of the money of necessity and of the Roman Republic pending the crisis of 1798-99, and the coinages of such brief reigns as Leo XII. and Pius VIII., are desiderata. To the republic belonging to the latest years of the last century we have to assign, among other productions, a remarkable piece of 2^ baiocchi, 1796, with a head of St. Peter to left on obverse, the keys in his hand, and the legend Apostolorvin Princeps. The numismatic series of Pius IX. (1846-78) is long, and the examples, for the most part, plentiful. The last pontiff 1 See the Catalogue of Mints, v. " Rome."

Descriptive Outline of the Coinages of Europe 425 who exercised the right of coining, employed between I 846 and 1 866 four units, the baiocco, the centesimo, the soldo, and the lira, not to mention the scudo d'oro. We have of his reign the scudo, 2J> scudi, 5 scudi, and 10 scudi, and 100 lire, in gold ; the scudo, the lira, 2 lire, 20 baiocchi, 10 PAPAL COINS. 1 Danaro struck by the Roman Senate, i3th c. Scudo di oro of Julius 11.,'attri Alexander VII. Paolo Scudo di oro of Pius IX. baiocchi, and 5 baiocchi, in silver ; the \ baiocco, I, 2, 3, and 5 baiocchi, the ^,1,2, and 4 soldi, and the centesimo, in copper. There is also the Gaeta series of i848, 2 as well as the revolutionary money, of which there are varieties in silver, billon, and copper, circular and square. One set, ' 1 Comp. " Coins of the Medici, " infrd. Comp. Catalogue of Mints, vv. "Gaeta" and "Rome."

Descriptive Outline <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> <strong>Coinage</strong>s <strong>of</strong> Europe 425<br />

who exercised <strong>the</strong> right <strong>of</strong> coining, employed between I 846<br />

and 1 866 four units, <strong>the</strong> baiocco, <strong>the</strong> centesimo, <strong>the</strong> soldo,<br />

and <strong>the</strong> lira, not to mention <strong>the</strong> scudo d'oro. We have <strong>of</strong><br />

his reign <strong>the</strong> scudo, 2J> scudi, 5 scudi, and 10 scudi, and<br />

100 lire, in gold ;<br />

<strong>the</strong> scudo, <strong>the</strong> lira, 2 lire, 20 baiocchi, 10<br />

PAPAL COINS. 1<br />

Danaro struck by <strong>the</strong> Roman Senate, i3th c.<br />

Scudo di oro <strong>of</strong> Julius 11.,'attri Alexander VII. Paolo<br />

Scudo di oro <strong>of</strong> Pius IX.<br />

baiocchi, and 5 baiocchi, in silver ; <strong>the</strong> \ baiocco, I, 2, 3,<br />

and 5 baiocchi, <strong>the</strong> ^,1,2, and 4 soldi, and <strong>the</strong> centesimo,<br />

in copper. There is also <strong>the</strong> Gaeta series <strong>of</strong> i848, 2 as well<br />

as <strong>the</strong> revolutionary money, <strong>of</strong> which <strong>the</strong>re are varieties in<br />

silver, billon, and copper, circular and square. One set,<br />

'<br />

1<br />

Comp. " Coins <strong>of</strong> <strong>the</strong> Medici, " infrd.<br />

Comp. Catalogue <strong>of</strong> Mints, vv. "Gaeta" and "Rome."

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