W. C a r e w H a z l i t t Coinage of the European Continent

406 The Coins of Europe
There is
Seigneurs and Counts of s' Heerenberg
a long and important series of coins associated
with this feudal title from the time of Adam III., 1331,
first known holder of it, till
1631. The later feoffees
describe themselves as Counts of Berg and Lords of Bilant,
Hedel, Boxmeer, Homoet, and Wisch. There were at least
five mints Berg, Hedel, Gendringen, Dieren, and Stevensweerd.
Bishopric of Utrecht
This ancient and powerful See, of which the jurisdiction
once extended over the provinces of Holland, Gueldres, and
Cleves, the lordships of Bentheim and Chore, etc., can be
traced back to the Carlovingian period, prior to the Scandinavian
irruptions into Friesland in the ninth century, when
the territory which composed the diocese was laid waste and
the metropolitan seat reduced to ruins. In the following
one the bishops had rallied from their misfortunes, and in
936 we find the emperor bestowing ample monetary privileges
on Bishop Balderic. Nevertheless, a considerable
lapse of time occurred before the ecclesiastical coinage of
Utrecht acquired sensible importance or individuality, since
down to the eleventh century (1028) the money bore only
the names of emperors or saints (St. Lambert and St.
Martin), accompanied by a rude bust and a crozier, with
or without the word Baculus (Bacv Lv\ and it was not till
the termination of an interval (1250-1341)
for which there
are no numismatic monuments, that an abrupt advance is
discernible in the type and style of the coins of Jan van
Arkel, who published grooten and other low denominations
with a very striking full-face portrait of the prelate. The
mints were Utrecht, Daventer, and Groningen. From this
time down to 1528, when the government of these haughty
and imperious dignitaries proved unpalatable to their subjects,
and the temporalities, with the right of coinage, were
sold to Charles V., there were three or four reigns, in the
course of which the money of the diocese attained the height